Bağırsak mikrobiyotası ve sağlık

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 58 - 73, 30.04.2018

Kamer Kalip Nazlı Atak

https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.458203

Cited By: 8

Öz

Her organın diğer adı flora olan mikrobiyotası bulunmaktadır. Mikrobiyota denince akla ilk olarak gastrointestinal sistem gelmektedir. İntestinal mikrobiyotadaki mikroplar, insan fizyolojisinin
biçimlendirilmesi, sürdürülmesi ve homeostazda aktif olarak görev almaktadır. İntestinal mikrobiyota, en fazla sayıda bakteri ve sinir hücresi bulundurduğu için, ikinci beyin olarak adlandırılmaktadır. İnutero geliştiği düşünülmekte olup, çeşitli çevresel faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. İmmun sistemin fonksiyonunda ve metabolizmanın regülasyonunda önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, kanserler, tip 2 diyabet, Alzheimer gibi kronik hastalıklarla ilişkilidir. Bazı hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasında, disbiyozun rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Yapılacak bazı müdahalelerle hastalıkların önlenmesi mümkün olsa da konu ile ilgili ileri çalışmalara gerek bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikrobiyota, intestinal mikrobiyota, kronik hastalıklar, bağırsak mikrobiyotası

Intestinal microbiota and health

Öz

Each organ has a unique microbiota, formerly known as its flora. In discussions around microbiota, intestinal microbiota comes to mind first. Microbes in the intestinal microbiota are essential for shaping and maintaining human physiology, and play an active role in hemostasis. As the gastrointestinal system holds a lot of bacteria and neurons, it is often called the second brain. The gastrointestinal microbiota is formed in utero and is influenced by various environmental factors. It influences the functioning of the immune system, as well as affecting the regulation of the metabolism. In this context, the gastrointestinal microbiota is implicated in some types of cancer, type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. It is thought that dysbiosis plays a part in the occurence of certain diseases. Therefore, it might be possible to prevent some diseases via the introduction of certain interventions. Further studies are needed in this field. Key

Anahtar Kelimeler

Flora, microbiota, intestinal microbiota, chronic diseases

Kaynakça

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