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Flipping Perceptions, Engagements and Realities: A Case Study

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 208 - 222, 01.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.522717

Öz

Flipped learning is considered as an active and constructivist teaching and learning approach to enhance the learning experience of both students and teachers. This research, conducted within the framework proposed by Jonathan Bergmann, explores the students’ as well as teachers’ perception of flipped learning. The study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data from the respondents. Separate questionnaires were used to collect the information from teachers and students, and a structured interview was conducted with teachers. Total of 56 students and 14 teachers from an undergraduate business program participated in this study, and all the respondents had experience in flipped learning. Results show both the students and teachers hold a positive perception towards flipped approach, and they consider this approach as an innovative way of teaching and learning. Study also identified the factors affecting the effectiveness of flipped classrooms and provides necessary recommendations for its successful implementation.

Kaynakça

  • Al Rowais, A. (2016). 11 Flipped classrooms as a form of blended learning. Transforming Education in the Gulf Region: Emerging Learning Technologies and Innovative Pedagogy for the 21st Century, 171, 150. Arfstrom, K. M., & Network, P. D. F. L. (2013). A white paper based on the literature review titled A Review of flipped learning. Noora Hamdan and Patrick McKnight, Flipped Learning Network. Baepler, P., Walker, J. D., & Driessen, M. (2014). It's not about seat time: Blending, flipping, and efficiency in active learning classrooms. Computers & Education, 78, 227-236. Barnett, R., & Coate, K. (2005). Engaging the Curriculum in Higher Education, Society for Research in Higher Education and Open University Press. McGraw-Hill House, England. ISBN 0, 335(21289), 1. Barnett, R., & Coate, K. (2004). Engaging the curriculum. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Bart, M. (2014). Blended and flipped: Exploring new models for effective teaching and learning. Faculty focus (Special Report). Madison, Wisconsin: Magna Publications. Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2014). Flipped learning: Gateway to student engagement. International Society for Technology in Education. Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class every day. International Society for Technology in Education. Bergmann, J., Overmyer, J., & Wilie, B. (2011). The flipped class: Myths vs. reality. The Daily Riff, 1(4). Bloom, B. S. (1984). The 2 sigma problem: The search for methods of group instruction as effective as one-to-one tutoring. Educational researcher, 13(6), 4-16. Borg, M. O., & Shapiro, S. L. (1996). Personality type and student performance in principles of economics. The Journal of Economic Education, 27(1), 3-25. Brame, C. J. (2013). Flipping the classroom. Vanderbilt University. Center for teaching. Retrieved from https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/flipping-the-classroom. Bryant, S. M., & Hunton, J. E. (2000). The use of technology in the delivery of instruction: Implications for accounting educators and education researchers. Issues in Accounting Education, 15(1), 129-162. Butt, A. (2014). Student views on the use of a flipped classroom approach: Evidence from Australia. Business Education & Accreditation, 6(1), 33. Chen, Y., Wang, Y., & Chen, N. S. (2014). Is FLIP enough? Or should we use the FLIPPED model instead?. Computers & Education, 79, 16-27. Cheng, D., & Walters, M. (2009). Peer-Assisted Learning in Mathematics: An Observational Study of Student Success. Australasian Journal of Peer Learning, 2(3), 23-39. Cohen, P. A., Kulik, J. A., & Kulik, C. L. C. (1982). Educational outcomes of tutoring: A meta-analysis of findings. American educational research journal, 19(2), 237-248. Crouch, C. H., & Mazur, E. (2001). Peer instruction: Ten years of experience and results. American journal of physics, 69(9), 970-977. Davis, B. G. (2009). Tools for teaching. John Wiley & Sons. Di Benedetto, O. (2005, June). Does technology influence teaching practices in the classroom? In National Educational Computing Conference 2005 Conference Philadelphia, PA. Retrieved June (Vol. 1, p. 2006). Dillenbourg, P. (1999). What do you mean by collaborative learning? Collaborative-learning:Cognitive and computational approaches, 1, 1-15. Edwards, A., & McKinnell, S. (2007). Moving from dependence to independence: the application of e-learning in higher education. Learning, Teaching and Assessing in Higher Education: Developing Reflective Practice, 68. Enfield, J. (2013). Looking at the impact of the flipped classroom model of instruction on undergraduate multimedia students at CSUN. TechTrends, 57(6), 14-27. doi:10.1007/s11528-013-0698-1 Field, M., Burke, J. M., McAllister, D., & Lloyd, D. M. (2007). Peer‐assisted learning: a novel approach to clinical skills learning for medical students. Medical education, 41(4), 411- 418. Findlay-Thompson, S., & Mombourquette, P. (2014). Evaluation of a flipped classroom in an undergraduate business course. Business Education & Accreditation, 6(1), 63-71. Foldnes, N. (2016). The flipped classroom and cooperative learning: Evidence from a randomised experiment. Active Learning in Higher Education, 17(1), 39-49. Francl, T. J. (2014). Is Flipped Learning Appropriate?. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching, 7(1). Gayathri, H., & Vijayarani, K. (2017). Flipping: A strategy for efficient learning in today’s classroom. International Journal of Pedagogical Studies, 5(1), 72-83. Gilboy, M. B., Heinerichs, S., & Pazzaglia, G. (2015). Enhancing student engagement using the flipped classroom. Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 47(1), 109-114. Gokhale, A. A. (1995). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking. Gordon, N. (2014). Flexible pedagogies: Technology-enhanced learning. From the report series Flexible Pedagogies: Preparing for the Future. The Higher Education Academy, January. Online at: http://www. heacademy.ac.uk/resources/detail/flexiblelearning/flexiblepedagogies/tech_enhanced_learning/main_report (accessed 20 June 2014). Gosling, S. (2009). Mixed signals. Psychology Today, 42(5), 62-71. Heathers, G. (1977). A Working Definition of Individualized Instruction. Educational Leadership, 34(5), 342-345. Honeycutt, B., & Garrett, J. (2014). Expanding the definition of a flipped learning environment. Faculty Focus. Howitt, C., & Pegrum, M. (2015). Implementing a flipped classroom approach in postgraduate education: An unexpected journey into pedagogical redesign. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 31(4). 458-469 Hwang, G. J., Lai, C. L., & Wang, S. Y. (2015). Seamless flipped learning: a mobile technology-enhanced flipped classroom with effective learning strategies. Journal of Computers in Education, 2(4), 449-473. Jinlei, Z., Ying, W., & Baohui, Z. (2012). Introducing a New Teaching Model: Flipped Classroom [J]. Journal of Distance Education, 4(8), 46-51. Klem, A. M., & Connell, J. P. (2004). Relationships matter: Linking teacher support to student engagement and achievement. Journal of school health, 74(7), 262-273. Kostopoulos, G. K. (2003, May). E-government in the Arabian Gulf: a vision toward reality. In Proceedings of the 2003 annual national conference on Digital government research (pp. 1-7). Digital Government Society of North America. Laal, M., Naseri, A. S., Laal, M., & Khattami-Kermanshahi, Z. (2013). What do we achieve from learning in collaboration?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1427-1432. LaFee, S. (2013). Flipped learning. The Education Digest, 79(3), 13. Lage, M. J., Platt, G. J., & Treglia, M. (2000). Inverting the classroom: A gateway to creating an inclusive learning environment. The Journal of Economic Education, 31(1), 30-43. Lai, H. M., Hsiao, Y. L., & Hsieh, P. J. (2018). The role of motivation, ability, and opportunity in university teachers’ continuance use intention for flipped teaching. Computers & Education. Lane-Kelso, M. (2015). The Pedagogy of Flipped Instruction in Oman. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 14(1), 143-150. Lane-Kelso, M. (2014). Mobiles and Flipping in Oman. Lee, J., & Choi, H (2018). Rethinking the flipped learning pre‐class: Its influence on the success of flipped learning and related factors. British Journal of Educational Technology. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12618. Maitra, P. (2007). Higher Education and Global Challenges. Saurabh Publishing House. McLaughlin, J. E., Roth, M. T., Glatt, D. M., Gharkholonarehe, N., Davidson, C. A., Griffin, L. M. & Mumper, R. J. (2014). The flipped classroom: a course redesign to foster learning and engagement in a health professions school. Academic Medicine, 89(2), 236-243. McLaughlin, J. E., Griffin, L. M., Esserman, D. A., Davidson, C. A., Glatt, D. M., Roth, M. T., & Mumper, R. J. (2013). Pharmacy student engagement, performance, and perception in a flipped satellite classroom. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 77(9), 196. doi: 10.5688/ajpe779196 Muldrow, K. (2013). Flipping the Classroom. Language, 28. Nguyen, B., Yu, X., Japutra, A., & Chen, C. H. S. (2016). Reverse teaching: Exploring student perceptions of “flip teaching”. Active Learning in Higher Education, 17(1), 51-61. O’Donnell, A. M., & Dansereau, D. F. (1992). Scripted cooperation in student dyads: A method for analyzing and enhancing academic learning and performance. Interaction in cooperative groups: The theoretical anatomy of group learning, 120-141. Okojie, M. C., Olinzock, A. A., & Okojie-Boulder, T. C. (2006). The pedagogy of technology integration. Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants part 1. On the horizon, 9(5), 1-6. Roach, T. (2014). Student perceptions toward flipped learning: New methods to increase interaction and active learning in economics. International Review of Economics Education, 17, 74-84. Roehl, A., Reddy, S. L., & Shannon, G. J. (2013). The flipped classroom: An opportunity to engage millennial students through active learning. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 105(2), 44. Rohrbeck, C. A., Ginsburg-Block, M. D., Fantuzzo, J. W., & Miller, T. R. (2003). Peer-assisted learning interventions with elementary school students: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(2), 240–257. Ryan, A., & Tilbury, D. (2013). Flexible Pedagogies: new pedagogical ideas. Higher Education Academy, London. Sams, A., & Bergmann, J. (2013). Flip your students' learning. Educational leadership, 70(6), 16-20. See, S., & Conry, J. M. (2014). Flip My Class! A faculty development demonstration of a flipped-classroom. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 6(4), 585-588. Sivarajah, R. T., Curci, N. E., Johnson, E. M., Lam, D. L., Lee, J. T., & Richardson, M. L. (2018). A Review of Innovative Teaching Methods. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2018.03.025. Stone, B. B. (2012). Flip your classroom to increase active learning and student engagement. In Proceedings from 28th Annual Conference on Distance Teaching & Learning, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Strayer, J. F. (2012). How learning in an inverted classroom influences cooperation, innovation and task orientation. Learning Environments Research, 15(2), 171-193. doi:10.1007/s10984-012-9108-4 Szafir, D., & Mutlu, B. (2013, April). ARTFul: adaptive review technology for flipped learning. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1001-1010). ACM. Terry, C. How can we evaluate the effectiveness of ICT resources in maximizing student learning in Oman?. Tucker, B. (2012). The flipped classroom. Education next, 12(1). Webb, N. M. (1982). Group composition, group interaction, and achievement in cooperative small groups. Journal of Educational Psychology, 74(4), 475. Yang, J., Yu, H., Chen, S. J., & Huang, R. (2014). Strategies for smooth and effective cross-cultural online collaborative learning. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17(3), 208. Young, C. A., & Bush, J. (2004). Teaching the English language arts with technology: A critical approach and pedagogical framework. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 4(1), 1-22. Zimmerman, B. J. (1990). Self-regulated learning and academic achievement: An overview. Educational Psychologist, 25(1), 3-17.
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 208 - 222, 01.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.522717

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Al Rowais, A. (2016). 11 Flipped classrooms as a form of blended learning. Transforming Education in the Gulf Region: Emerging Learning Technologies and Innovative Pedagogy for the 21st Century, 171, 150. Arfstrom, K. M., & Network, P. D. F. L. (2013). A white paper based on the literature review titled A Review of flipped learning. Noora Hamdan and Patrick McKnight, Flipped Learning Network. Baepler, P., Walker, J. D., & Driessen, M. (2014). It's not about seat time: Blending, flipping, and efficiency in active learning classrooms. Computers & Education, 78, 227-236. Barnett, R., & Coate, K. (2005). Engaging the Curriculum in Higher Education, Society for Research in Higher Education and Open University Press. McGraw-Hill House, England. ISBN 0, 335(21289), 1. Barnett, R., & Coate, K. (2004). Engaging the curriculum. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Bart, M. (2014). Blended and flipped: Exploring new models for effective teaching and learning. Faculty focus (Special Report). Madison, Wisconsin: Magna Publications. Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2014). Flipped learning: Gateway to student engagement. International Society for Technology in Education. Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class every day. International Society for Technology in Education. Bergmann, J., Overmyer, J., & Wilie, B. (2011). The flipped class: Myths vs. reality. The Daily Riff, 1(4). Bloom, B. S. (1984). The 2 sigma problem: The search for methods of group instruction as effective as one-to-one tutoring. Educational researcher, 13(6), 4-16. Borg, M. O., & Shapiro, S. L. (1996). Personality type and student performance in principles of economics. The Journal of Economic Education, 27(1), 3-25. Brame, C. J. (2013). Flipping the classroom. Vanderbilt University. Center for teaching. Retrieved from https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/flipping-the-classroom. Bryant, S. M., & Hunton, J. E. (2000). The use of technology in the delivery of instruction: Implications for accounting educators and education researchers. Issues in Accounting Education, 15(1), 129-162. Butt, A. (2014). Student views on the use of a flipped classroom approach: Evidence from Australia. Business Education & Accreditation, 6(1), 33. Chen, Y., Wang, Y., & Chen, N. S. (2014). Is FLIP enough? Or should we use the FLIPPED model instead?. Computers & Education, 79, 16-27. Cheng, D., & Walters, M. (2009). Peer-Assisted Learning in Mathematics: An Observational Study of Student Success. Australasian Journal of Peer Learning, 2(3), 23-39. Cohen, P. A., Kulik, J. A., & Kulik, C. L. C. (1982). Educational outcomes of tutoring: A meta-analysis of findings. American educational research journal, 19(2), 237-248. Crouch, C. H., & Mazur, E. (2001). Peer instruction: Ten years of experience and results. American journal of physics, 69(9), 970-977. Davis, B. G. (2009). Tools for teaching. John Wiley & Sons. Di Benedetto, O. (2005, June). Does technology influence teaching practices in the classroom? In National Educational Computing Conference 2005 Conference Philadelphia, PA. Retrieved June (Vol. 1, p. 2006). Dillenbourg, P. (1999). What do you mean by collaborative learning? Collaborative-learning:Cognitive and computational approaches, 1, 1-15. Edwards, A., & McKinnell, S. (2007). Moving from dependence to independence: the application of e-learning in higher education. Learning, Teaching and Assessing in Higher Education: Developing Reflective Practice, 68. Enfield, J. (2013). Looking at the impact of the flipped classroom model of instruction on undergraduate multimedia students at CSUN. TechTrends, 57(6), 14-27. doi:10.1007/s11528-013-0698-1 Field, M., Burke, J. M., McAllister, D., & Lloyd, D. M. (2007). Peer‐assisted learning: a novel approach to clinical skills learning for medical students. Medical education, 41(4), 411- 418. Findlay-Thompson, S., & Mombourquette, P. (2014). Evaluation of a flipped classroom in an undergraduate business course. Business Education & Accreditation, 6(1), 63-71. Foldnes, N. (2016). The flipped classroom and cooperative learning: Evidence from a randomised experiment. Active Learning in Higher Education, 17(1), 39-49. Francl, T. J. (2014). Is Flipped Learning Appropriate?. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching, 7(1). Gayathri, H., & Vijayarani, K. (2017). Flipping: A strategy for efficient learning in today’s classroom. International Journal of Pedagogical Studies, 5(1), 72-83. Gilboy, M. B., Heinerichs, S., & Pazzaglia, G. (2015). Enhancing student engagement using the flipped classroom. Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 47(1), 109-114. Gokhale, A. A. (1995). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking. Gordon, N. (2014). Flexible pedagogies: Technology-enhanced learning. From the report series Flexible Pedagogies: Preparing for the Future. The Higher Education Academy, January. Online at: http://www. heacademy.ac.uk/resources/detail/flexiblelearning/flexiblepedagogies/tech_enhanced_learning/main_report (accessed 20 June 2014). Gosling, S. (2009). Mixed signals. Psychology Today, 42(5), 62-71. Heathers, G. (1977). A Working Definition of Individualized Instruction. Educational Leadership, 34(5), 342-345. Honeycutt, B., & Garrett, J. (2014). Expanding the definition of a flipped learning environment. Faculty Focus. Howitt, C., & Pegrum, M. (2015). Implementing a flipped classroom approach in postgraduate education: An unexpected journey into pedagogical redesign. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 31(4). 458-469 Hwang, G. J., Lai, C. L., & Wang, S. Y. (2015). Seamless flipped learning: a mobile technology-enhanced flipped classroom with effective learning strategies. Journal of Computers in Education, 2(4), 449-473. Jinlei, Z., Ying, W., & Baohui, Z. (2012). Introducing a New Teaching Model: Flipped Classroom [J]. Journal of Distance Education, 4(8), 46-51. Klem, A. M., & Connell, J. P. (2004). Relationships matter: Linking teacher support to student engagement and achievement. Journal of school health, 74(7), 262-273. Kostopoulos, G. K. (2003, May). E-government in the Arabian Gulf: a vision toward reality. In Proceedings of the 2003 annual national conference on Digital government research (pp. 1-7). Digital Government Society of North America. Laal, M., Naseri, A. S., Laal, M., & Khattami-Kermanshahi, Z. (2013). What do we achieve from learning in collaboration?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1427-1432. LaFee, S. (2013). Flipped learning. The Education Digest, 79(3), 13. Lage, M. J., Platt, G. J., & Treglia, M. (2000). Inverting the classroom: A gateway to creating an inclusive learning environment. The Journal of Economic Education, 31(1), 30-43. Lai, H. M., Hsiao, Y. L., & Hsieh, P. J. (2018). The role of motivation, ability, and opportunity in university teachers’ continuance use intention for flipped teaching. Computers & Education. Lane-Kelso, M. (2015). The Pedagogy of Flipped Instruction in Oman. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 14(1), 143-150. Lane-Kelso, M. (2014). Mobiles and Flipping in Oman. Lee, J., & Choi, H (2018). Rethinking the flipped learning pre‐class: Its influence on the success of flipped learning and related factors. British Journal of Educational Technology. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12618. Maitra, P. (2007). Higher Education and Global Challenges. Saurabh Publishing House. McLaughlin, J. E., Roth, M. T., Glatt, D. M., Gharkholonarehe, N., Davidson, C. A., Griffin, L. M. & Mumper, R. J. (2014). The flipped classroom: a course redesign to foster learning and engagement in a health professions school. Academic Medicine, 89(2), 236-243. McLaughlin, J. E., Griffin, L. M., Esserman, D. A., Davidson, C. A., Glatt, D. M., Roth, M. T., & Mumper, R. J. (2013). Pharmacy student engagement, performance, and perception in a flipped satellite classroom. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 77(9), 196. doi: 10.5688/ajpe779196 Muldrow, K. (2013). Flipping the Classroom. Language, 28. Nguyen, B., Yu, X., Japutra, A., & Chen, C. H. S. (2016). Reverse teaching: Exploring student perceptions of “flip teaching”. Active Learning in Higher Education, 17(1), 51-61. O’Donnell, A. M., & Dansereau, D. F. (1992). Scripted cooperation in student dyads: A method for analyzing and enhancing academic learning and performance. Interaction in cooperative groups: The theoretical anatomy of group learning, 120-141. Okojie, M. C., Olinzock, A. A., & Okojie-Boulder, T. C. (2006). The pedagogy of technology integration. Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants part 1. On the horizon, 9(5), 1-6. Roach, T. (2014). Student perceptions toward flipped learning: New methods to increase interaction and active learning in economics. International Review of Economics Education, 17, 74-84. Roehl, A., Reddy, S. L., & Shannon, G. J. (2013). The flipped classroom: An opportunity to engage millennial students through active learning. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 105(2), 44. Rohrbeck, C. A., Ginsburg-Block, M. D., Fantuzzo, J. W., & Miller, T. R. (2003). Peer-assisted learning interventions with elementary school students: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(2), 240–257. Ryan, A., & Tilbury, D. (2013). Flexible Pedagogies: new pedagogical ideas. Higher Education Academy, London. Sams, A., & Bergmann, J. (2013). Flip your students' learning. Educational leadership, 70(6), 16-20. See, S., & Conry, J. M. (2014). Flip My Class! A faculty development demonstration of a flipped-classroom. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 6(4), 585-588. Sivarajah, R. T., Curci, N. E., Johnson, E. M., Lam, D. L., Lee, J. T., & Richardson, M. L. (2018). A Review of Innovative Teaching Methods. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2018.03.025. Stone, B. B. (2012). Flip your classroom to increase active learning and student engagement. In Proceedings from 28th Annual Conference on Distance Teaching & Learning, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Strayer, J. F. (2012). How learning in an inverted classroom influences cooperation, innovation and task orientation. Learning Environments Research, 15(2), 171-193. doi:10.1007/s10984-012-9108-4 Szafir, D., & Mutlu, B. (2013, April). ARTFul: adaptive review technology for flipped learning. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1001-1010). ACM. Terry, C. How can we evaluate the effectiveness of ICT resources in maximizing student learning in Oman?. Tucker, B. (2012). The flipped classroom. Education next, 12(1). Webb, N. M. (1982). Group composition, group interaction, and achievement in cooperative small groups. Journal of Educational Psychology, 74(4), 475. Yang, J., Yu, H., Chen, S. J., & Huang, R. (2014). Strategies for smooth and effective cross-cultural online collaborative learning. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17(3), 208. Young, C. A., & Bush, J. (2004). Teaching the English language arts with technology: A critical approach and pedagogical framework. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 4(1), 1-22. Zimmerman, B. J. (1990). Self-regulated learning and academic achievement: An overview. Educational Psychologist, 25(1), 3-17.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Nihan Kutahnecıoglu Inan Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-6071-2347

Kavitha Balakrıshnan Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-4446-2656

Muhammed Refeque Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-3778-3585

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Şubat 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kutahnecıoglu Inan, N., Balakrıshnan, K., & Refeque, M. (2019). Flipping Perceptions, Engagements and Realities: A Case Study. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 20(1), 208-222. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.522717