A Physiological Perspective on Lactation in Goats: A Review

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 65 - 72, 29.12.2023

Çağatay Salum Muhammed Etyemez

https://doi.org/10.58833/bozokvetsci.1393630

Öz

The domesticated species of goats, scientifically known as Capra hircus, have played a significant role in several aspects of human existence over the course of history. These animals have made notable contributions to both individual animal breeding practices and the overall national economy. Their unique meat and milk production, along with their ease of cultivation, distinguish them as noteworthy entities. Goat milk is widely favored by customers due to its hypoallergenic features, low lactose levels, and rich composition. As a result, goat breeding has been prevalent in our country and globally for milk production in animal husbandry. In accordance with the purpose of achieving a high-quality final product, which constitutes a primary goal of animal husbandry, it is important to possess knowledge on certain attributes relating to the animal under cultivation. The aforementioned characteristics pertain to the anatomical composition of the udder and the physiological processes involved in breastfeeding in goats. Lactation physiology encompasses three key processes: mammogenesis, lactogenesis, and galactopoiesis. Mammogenesis refers to the formation of the udder, while lactogenesis involves the secretion of milk. Galactopoiesis, on the other hand, pertains to the maintenance of continuous milk supply. This review will examine the reproductive cycle, physical structure, and developmental aspects of the udder, as well as the many stages of lactation physiology in goats.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Galactopoiesis, Goat, Goat Milk, Lactation Physiology, Mammogenesis

Keçilerde Laktasyona Fizyolojik Bir Bakış: Derleme

Öz

İnsanlık tarihi boyunca hayatımızın birçok noktasına katkıda bulunmuş gerek bireysel hayvan yetiştiriciliği gerekse ülke ekonomisine katkı sağlaması hususundan pek fazla etkisi bulunan keçiler (Capra hircus), et ve süt verimleriyle ve kolay yetiştirilebilir olması açısından ön plana çıkmaktadır. Özellikle hipoalerjneik özellikleri, düşük laktoz düzeyleri ve zengin içerik kompozisyonu ile tüketiciler arasında sıklıkla tercih edilen keçi sütü ülkemiz ve global hayvan yetiştiriciliğinde süt üretimi açısından keçi yetiştiriciliğini yaygınlaştırmıştır. Hayvan yetiştiriciliğinin ana hedeflerinden biri olan kaliteli son ürün elde etme gayesi doğrultusunda ise yetiştirilen hayvanın birtakım özelliklerinin bilinmesini önem arz etmektedir. Bu özellikler söz konusu durumda keçilerde memenin yapısı ve laktasyon fizyolojisidir. Laktasyon fizyolojisi ise kendi içerisinde meme gelişimi anlamına gelen mammogenez, süt salgılanmasını ifade eden laktogenez ve süt üretiminin devamlılığını sağlamayı açıklayan galaktopoiezisi içermektedir. Bu derlemede keçilerdeki seksüel siklus, memenin morfolojik yapısı ve gelişimi ile laktasyon fizyolojisinin aşamaları ele alınacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Galaktopoez, Keçi, Keçi Sütü, Laktasyon Fizyolojisi, Mammogenez

Kaynakça

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