Investigating the Difference in Exercise Self-Efficacy According to the Grade of Muscle Injury

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 263 - 268, 30.12.2023

Gökhan Buyukluoglu Hüseyin Günaydın Aydan Örsçelik Burak Karaaslan Tuğba Kocahan

https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1307372

Öz

Aim: Muscle injuries are common sports-related injuries that cause the most training loss. Self-efficacy refers to a person's personal belief that he/she can do the behavior necessary to reach his goal. This study aimed to examine the difference in exercise self-efficacy according to the grade of muscle injury in recreational and professional athletes.
Material and Methods: Ninety-three patients who applied to the sports medicine outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with muscle injury and doing sports were included in the study. Gender, age, weight, height, sports branch and exercise duration per week, injury grade, and Tegner activity level of the patients diagnosed with muscle injury were recorded. The patients were asked to fill in the sports fitness index and athlete self-efficacy scale.
Results: A significant difference was found in the sports fitness index score according to the grade of muscle injury (p=0.002), while there was no significant difference in the Tegner activity level (p=0.228) and athlete self-efficacy scale (p=0.791). A negative correlation was found between age and duration of exercise (r=-0.234, p=0.024), and age and Tegner activity level (r=-0.425, p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between exercise duration and Tegner activity level (r=0.308, p=0.003), and exercise duration and professional thought efficacy (r=0.251, p=0.015). Again, a positive correlation was found between the Tegner activity level and sports discipline efficacy (r=0.225, p=0.030) and professional thought efficacy (r=0.226, p=0.029) dimensions of the athlete self-efficacy scale.
Conclusion: No significant difference in exercise self-efficacy depending on the grade of muscle injury in recreational and professional athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Muscle injury, Tegner activity level, Sport fitness index, exercise self-efficacy

Kas Yaralanmasının Evresine Göre Egzersiz Öz Yeterliliğindeki Farkın Araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Kas yaralanmaları en fazla antrenman kaybına yol açan ve sporla ilişkili olarak sık görülen yaralanmalardır. Öz yeterlilik, kişinin hedefine ulaşması için gerekli olan davranışı yapabileceğine olan kişisel inancını ifade eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, rekreasyonel ve profesyonel sporcularda kas yaralanmasının evresine göre egzersiz öz yeterliliğindeki farkı araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya spor hekimliği polikliniğine başvurup kas yaralanması tanısı almış olan ve spor yapan 96 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Kas yaralanması tanısı almış olan hastaların cinsiyet, yaş, kilo, boy, spor branşı ve haftalık egzersiz süresi, yaralanma evresi ve Tegner aktivite düzeyi kaydedilmiştir. Hastalardan spora uygunluk göstergesi ve sporcu öz yeterlilik ölçeğini doldurmaları istenmiştir.
Bulgular: Kas yaralanmasının derecesine göre spora uygunluk göstergesi skorunda anlamlı bir farklılık bulunurken (p=0,002), Tegner aktivite düzeyi (p=0,228) ve sporcu öz yeterlilik ölçeğinde (p=0,791) anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. Yaş ile egzersiz süresi (r=-0,234; p=0,024) ve yaş ile Tegner aktivite düzeyi (r=-0,425; p<0,001) arasında negatif korelasyon bulundu. Egzersiz süresi ile Tegner aktivite düzeyi (r=0,308; p=0,003) ve egzersiz süresi ile mesleki düşünce yeterliliği (r=0,251; p=0,015) arasında pozitif korelasyon bulundu. Tegner aktivite düzeyi ile sporcu öz yeterlik ölçeğinin spor disiplini yeterliliği (r=0,225; p=0,030) ve mesleki düşünce yeterliliği (r=0,226; p=0,029) boyutları arasında da pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Rekreasyonel ve profesyonel sporcularda kas yaralanmasının derecesine bağlı olarak egzersiz öz-yeterliliğinde anlamlı bir fark yoktur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kas yaralanması, Tegner aktivite düzeyi, Spora uygunluk göstergesi, egzersiz özyeterliliği

Kaynakça

• Baoge L, Van Den Steen E, Rimbaut S, Philips N, Witvrouw E, Almqvist KF, et al. Treatment of skeletal muscle injury: a review. ISRN Orthop. 2012;2012:689012.
• Ekstrand J, Hagglund M, Walden M. Injury incidence and injury patterns in professional football: the UEFA injury study. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(7):553-8.
• Ekstrand J, Hägglund M, Waldén M. Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer). Am J Sports Med. 2011;39(6):1226-32.
• Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: The Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50.
• Ishøi L, Krommes K, Husted RS, Juhl CB, Thorborg K. Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of common lower extremity muscle injuries in sport - grading the evidence: a statement paper commissioned by the Danish Society of Sports Physical Therapy (DSSF). Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(9):528-37.
• Ekstrand J, Waldén M, Hägglund M. Hamstring injuries have increased by 4% annually in men’s professional football, since 2001: a 13-year longitudinal analysis of the UEFA Elite Club injury study. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(12):731-7.
• López-Valenciano A, Ruiz-Pérez I, Garcia-Gómez A, Vera-Garcia FJ, De Ste Croix M, Myer GD, et al. Epidemiology of injuries in professional football: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(12):711-8.
• Chang JS, Kayani B, Plastow R, Singh S, Magan A, Haddad FS. Management of hamstring injuries: Current concepts review. Bone Joint J. 2020;102B(10):1281-8.
• Keshwani N, Mathur S, McLean L. The impact of exercise therapy and abdominal binding in the management of diastasis recti abdominis in the early post-partum period: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Physiother Theory Pract. 2021;37(9):1018-33.
• Hägglund M, Waldén M, Magnusson H, Kristenson K, Bengtsson H, Ekstrand J. Injuries affect team performance negatively in professional football: an 11-year follow-up of the UEFA Champions League injury study. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(12):738-42.
• Hickey J, Shield AJ, Williams MD, Opar DA. The financial cost of hamstring strain injuries in the Australian Football League. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(8):729-30.
• Ercan S, Başkurt Z, Başkurt F, Büyükdemir M, Kolcu G, Çetin C. Fear of movement and exercise self-efficacy after lower extremity injury in elite football players. J Exerc Ther Rehabil. 2021;8(2):160-7. Turkish.
• Ha FJ, Hare DL, Cameron JD, Toukhsati SR. Heart failure and exercise: A narrative review of the role of self-efficacy. Hear Lung Circ. 2018;27(1):22-7.
• Jönsson T, Ekvall Hansson E, Thorstensson CA, Eek F, Bergman P, Dahlberg LE. The effect of education and supervised exercise on physical activity, pain, quality of life and self-efficacy - an intervention study with a reference group. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018;19(1):198.
• Kim J, Son WM, Headid Iii RJ, Pekas EJ, Noble JM, Park SY. The effects of a 12-week jump rope exercise program on body composition, insulin sensitivity, and academic self-efficacy in obese adolescent girls. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2020;33(1):129-37.
• Damsgard E, Thrane G, Anke A, Fors T, Røe C. Activity-related pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Disabil Rehabil. 2010;32(17):1428-37.
• O’Donoghue DH. Introduction. Treatment of injuries to athletes. 1962. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2002;402:3-8.
• Tegner Y, Lysholm J. Rating systems in the evaluation of knee ligament injuries. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1985;198:43-9.
• Wilkerson GB, Colston MA, Baker CS. A sport fitness index for assessment of sport-related injury risk. Clin J Sport Med. 2016;26(5):423-8.
• Orscelik A, Ercan S, Karaaslan B, Cetin C. Validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the ‘A Sport Fitness Index’. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(12):e14898.
• Kocak CV. Athlete self-efficacy scale: Development and psychometric properties. Balt J Health Phys Act. 2020;12(Suppl 1):41-54.
• Fragala MS, Kenny AM, Kuchel GA. Muscle quality in aging: a multi-dimensional approach to muscle functioning with applications for treatment. Sports Med. 2015;45(5):641-58.
• Ergün M. Exercise in the elderly. Turk J Sports Med. 2013;48(4):131-8. Turkish.
• Kerksick C, Taylor L 4th, Harvey A, Willoughby D. Gender-related differences in muscle injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(10):1772-80.
• Briggs KK, Steadman JR, Hay CJ, Hines SL. Lysholm score and Tegner activity level in individuals with normal knees. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(5):898-901.
• Lin CY, Casey E, Herman DC, Katz N, Tenforde AS. Sex differences in common sports injuries. PM R. 2018;10(10):1073-82.
• Bassett AJ, Ahlmen A, Rosendorf JM, Romeo AA, Erickson BJ, Bishop ME. The biology of sex and sport. JBJS Rev. 2020;8(3):e0140.
• Xie Z, Liu K, Or C, Chen J, Yan M, Wang H. An examination of the socio-demographic correlates of patient adherence to self-management behaviors and the mediating roles of health attitudes and self-efficacy among patients with coexisting type 2 diabetes and hypertension. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1227.
• Leganger A, Kraft P, R⊘ysamb E. Perceived self-efficacy in health behaviour research: Conceptualisation, measurement and correlates. Psychol Health. 2000;15(1):51-69.
• Carr CM. Sport psychology: psychologic issues and applications. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2006;17(3):519-35.
• Hofmann P, Tschakert G. Intensity- and duration-based options to regulate endurance training. Front Physiol. 2017;8:337.
• Sanders LMJ, Hortobágyi T, Karssemeijer EGA, Van der Zee EA, Scherder EJA, van Heuvelen MJG. Effects of low- and high-intensity physical exercise on physical and cognitive function in older persons with dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12(1):28.
• Öztürk P, Koca C. Analysis of sport participation of adolescent female athletes with socio-ecological model and gender perspective. Spormetre. 2017;15(3):139-48. Turkish.