On the Leonardo Quaternions Sequence
Yıl 2024,
Erken Görünüm, 1 - 23
Patrícia Beites
Paula Maria Machado Cruz Catarino
Öz
In the present work, a new sequence of quaternions related to the Leonardo numbers – named the Leonardo quaternions sequence – is defined and studied. Binet’s formula and certain sum and binomial- sum identities, some of which derived from the mentioned formula, are established. Tagiuri-Vajda’s identity and, as consequences, Cata- lan’s identity, d’Ocagne’s identity and Cassini’s identity are presented. Furthermore, applying Catalan’s identity, and the connection between composition algebras and vector cross product algebras, Gelin-Ces`aro’s identity is also stated and proved. Finally, the generating function, the exponential generating function and the Poisson generating func- tion are deduced. In addition to the results on Leonardo quaternions, known results on Leonardo numbers and on Fibonacci quaternions are extended.
Destekleyen Kurum
University of Beira Interior, Portugal; University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Proje Numarası
UIDB/00212/2020, MTM2017-83506-C2-2-P, UIDB/00013/2020, UIDP/00013/2020, UID/CED/00194/2020
Teşekkür
P. D. Beites was supported by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal), project UIDB/00212/2020 of CMA-UBI (Centro de Matemática e Aplicações da Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal), and by project MTM2017-83506-C2-2-P (Spain). The author P. Catarino was supported by FCT, projects UIDB/00013/2020, UIDP/00013/2020 and UID/CED/00194/2020.
Kaynakça
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F. Alves, R. Vieira, The Newton fractal's Leonardo sequence study with the Google Colab, \textit{International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education} 15 (2) (2020), article em0575.
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Y. Alp, E. G. Ko\c{c}er, Some properties of Leonardo numbers, \textit{Konuralp Journal of Mathematics} 9 (1) (2021), 183--189.
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P. D. Beites, A. P. Nicol\'{a}s, P. Saraiva, J. Vit\'{o}ria, Vector cross product differential and difference equations in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and in $\mathbb{R}^7$, \textit{Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra} 34 (2018), 675--686.
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P. D. Beites, A. P. Nicol\'{a}s, An associative triple system of the second kind, \textit{Communications in Algebra} 44 (11) (2016), 5027--5043.
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P. D. Beites, A. P. Nicol\'{a}s, A note on standard composition algebras of types II and III, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 27 (2) (2017), 955--964.
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G. Bilgici, P. Catarino, Unrestricted pell and pell-lucas quaternions, \textit{International Journal of Mathematics and Systems Science} 1 (3) (2018), article 816.
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T. R. Blackman, S. Lemurell, Spectral correspondences for Maass waveforms on quaternion groups, \textit{Journal of Number Theory} 158 (2016), 1--22.
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P. Catarino, H. Campos, Incomplete $k$-Pell, $k$-Pell-Lucas and modified $k$-Pell numbers,
\textit{Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics}, 46 (3) (2017), 361-372.
\bibitem{CatAlm}
P. Catarino, R. De Almeida, On a quaternionic sequence with Vietoris' numbers, \textit{Filomat} 35 (4) (2021), in press.
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P. Catarino, R. De Almeida, A note on Vietoris' number sequence, \textit{Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics} 19 (1) (2022), 1--19.
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N. Correia, R. Pacheco, Harmonic maps of finite uniton number and their canonical elements, \textit{Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry} 47 (2015), 335--358.
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A. Da\c{s}demir, Gelin-Ces\`{a}ro identities for Fibonacci and Lucas quaternions, \textit{Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Mathematica} XVIII (2019), 137--144.
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M. I. Falc\~{a}o, F. Miranda, R. Severino, M. J. Soares, Evaluation schemes in the ring of quaternionic polynomials, \textit{BIT Numerical Mathematics} 58 (2018), 51--72.
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N. Jacobson, Composition algebras and their automorphisms, \textit{Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo} 7 (1958), 55--80.
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- \bibitem{HaC}
S. Halici, G. Cerda-Morales, On Quaternion-Gaussian Fibonacci numbers and their properties, \textit{Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii Ovidius Constanta, Seria Matematica} 29 (1) (2021), 71--82.
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A. F. Horadam, Complex Fibonacci numbers and Fibonacci quaternions, \textit{The American Mathematical Monthly} 70 (3) (1963), 289--291.
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A. \.{I}pek, On $(p, q)$-Fibonacci quaternions and their Binet formulas, generating functions and certain binomial sums, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 27 (2017), 1343--1351.
- \bibitem{Leite}
F. S. Leite, The geometry of hypercomplex matrices, \textit{Linear and Multilinear Algebra} 34 (2) (1993), 123--132.
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E. Polath, S. Kesim, A note on Catalan's identity for the $k$-Fibonacci quaternions, \textit{Journal of Integer Sequences} 18 (2015), article 15.8.2.
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E. Polatli, C. Kizilates, S. Kesim, On split $k$-Fibonacci and $k$-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 26 (2016), 353--362.
- \bibitem{PSoykan}
E. Polath, Y. Soykan, On Generalized Third-order Jacobsthal numbers, \textit{Asian Research Journal of Mathematics} 17 (2021), 1--19.
- \bibitem{Ra} J. L. Ram\'{\i}rez, Some combinatorial properties of the $k$-Fibonacci and the $k$-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii Ovidius Constanta} 23 (2) (2015), 201--212.
- \bibitem{SBVK}
N. Saba, A. Boussayoud, K. V. Kanuri, Mersenne Lucas numbers and complete homogeneous symmetric functions, \textit{Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science} 24 (2022), 127--139.
- \bibitem{SBV}
R. Ser\^{o}dio, P. D. Beites, J. Vit\'{o}ria, Intersection of a double cone and a line in the split-quaternions context, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford algebras} 27 (2017), 2795--2803.
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N. J. A. Sloane, \textit{The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences}, The OEIS Foundation, https://oeis.org (2021).
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- \bibitem{TanLeung} E. Tan, H.-H. Leung, Some results on Horadam quaternions, \textit{Chaos, Solitons and Fractals} 138 (2020), article 109961.
- \bibitem{T} D. Tasci, On $k$-Jacobsthal and $k$-Jacobsthal-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Journal of Science and Arts} 3 (40) (2017), 469--476.
- \bibitem{Tok} U. Toke\c{s}er, Z. \"{U}nal, G. Bilgici, Split Pell and Pell-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 27 (2017), 1881--1893.
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S. Vajda, \textit{Fibonacci \& Lucas numbers, and the golden section}, Ellis Horwood, 1989.
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R. Vieira, F. Alves, P. Catarino, Rela\c{c}\~{o}es bidimensionais e identidades da sequ\^{e}ncia de Leonardo, \textit{Revista Sergipana de Matem\'{a}tica e Educa\c{c}\~{a}o Matem\'{a}tica} (2) (2019), 156--173.
- \bibitem{VMACa}
R. Vieira, M. Mangueira, F. Alves, P. Catarino, A forma matricial dos n\'{u}meros de Leonardo, \textit{Ci\^{e}ncia e Natura} 42 (2020), article e100.
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Yıl 2024,
Erken Görünüm, 1 - 23
Patrícia Beites
Paula Maria Machado Cruz Catarino
Proje Numarası
UIDB/00212/2020, MTM2017-83506-C2-2-P, UIDB/00013/2020, UIDP/00013/2020, UID/CED/00194/2020
Kaynakça
- \bibitem{A}
B. Aloui, A. Boussayoud, Generating functions of the product of the k-Fibonacci and k-Pell numbers and Chebyshev polynomials of the third and fourth kind, \textit{Mathematics in Engineering, Science and Aerospace} 12 (1) (2021).
- \bibitem{AV}
F. Alves, R. Vieira, The Newton fractal's Leonardo sequence study with the Google Colab, \textit{International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education} 15 (2) (2020), article em0575.
- \bibitem{Ak} M. Akyi\v{g}it, H. H. K\"{o}sal, M. Tosun, Split Fibonacci quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} {23} (2013), 535--545.
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- \bibitem{sobreLeon}
Y. Alp, E. G. Ko\c{c}er, Some properties of Leonardo numbers, \textit{Konuralp Journal of Mathematics} 9 (1) (2021), 183--189.
- \bibitem{BNSV}
P. D. Beites, A. P. Nicol\'{a}s, P. Saraiva, J. Vit\'{o}ria, Vector cross product differential and difference equations in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and in $\mathbb{R}^7$, \textit{Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra} 34 (2018), 675--686.
- \bibitem{BN2016}
P. D. Beites, A. P. Nicol\'{a}s, An associative triple system of the second kind, \textit{Communications in Algebra} 44 (11) (2016), 5027--5043.
- \bibitem{BN2017}
P. D. Beites, A. P. Nicol\'{a}s, A note on standard composition algebras of types II and III, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 27 (2) (2017), 955--964.
- \bibitem{Bi} G. Bilgici, U. Toke\c{s}er, Z. \"{U}nal, $k$-Fibonacci and $k$-Lucas generalized quaternions, \textit{Konuralp Journal of Mathematics} 5 (2017), 102--113.
- \bibitem{BiC}
G. Bilgici, P. Catarino, Unrestricted pell and pell-lucas quaternions, \textit{International Journal of Mathematics and Systems Science} 1 (3) (2018), article 816.
- \bibitem{Terrence}
T. R. Blackman, S. Lemurell, Spectral correspondences for Maass waveforms on quaternion groups, \textit{Journal of Number Theory} 158 (2016), 1--22.
- \bibitem{CDNN2002} N. D. Cahill, J. R. D'Errico, D. A. Narayan, J. Y. Narayan, Fibonacci Determinants, \textit{The College Mathematics Journal} 33 (3) (2002), 221--225.
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I. Ca\c{c}\~{a}o, H. R. Malonek, G. Tomaz, Shifted Generalized Pascal Matrices in the Context of Clifford Algebra-Valued Polynomial Sequences. In: Gervasi O. et al. (eds) Computational Science and Its Applications -- ICCSA 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, 2017.
- \bibitem{Ca} P. Catarino, The modified Pell and the modified $k$-Pell quaternions and octonions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 26 (2016), 577--590.
\bibitem{CB1} P. Catarino, A. Borges, On Leonardo numbers, \textit{Acta Mathematica Universitatis Comenianae} 89 (1) (2020), 75--86.
- \bibitem{CB2} P. Catarino, A. Borges, A note on incomplete Leonardo numbers, \textit{Integers} 20 (2020), article A43.
- \bibitem{Hacettepe}
P. Catarino, H. Campos, Incomplete $k$-Pell, $k$-Pell-Lucas and modified $k$-Pell numbers,
\textit{Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics}, 46 (3) (2017), 361-372.
\bibitem{CatAlm}
P. Catarino, R. De Almeida, On a quaternionic sequence with Vietoris' numbers, \textit{Filomat} 35 (4) (2021), in press.
- \bibitem{CatAlmMediterranean}
P. Catarino, R. De Almeida, A note on Vietoris' number sequence, \textit{Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics} 19 (1) (2022), 1--19.
- \bibitem{yo} Y. Choo, A generalized quaternion with generalized Fibonacci number components, \textit{Applied Mathematical Sciences} 14 (1) (2020), 31--38.
- \bibitem{Ci} C. B. \c{C}imen, A. \.{I}pek, On Pell quaternions and Pell-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 26 (2016), 39--51.
- \bibitem{ConwayS} J. H. Conway, D. A. Smith, \textit{On Quaternions and Octonions: their Geometry, Arithmetic and Symmetry}, A. K. Peters, 2003.
- \bibitem{CP}
N. Correia, R. Pacheco, Harmonic maps of finite uniton number and their canonical elements, \textit{Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry} 47 (2015), 335--358.
- \bibitem{Dasdemir}
A. Da\c{s}demir, Gelin-Ces\`{a}ro identities for Fibonacci and Lucas quaternions, \textit{Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Mathematica} XVIII (2019), 137--144.
- \bibitem{DSriv}
G. B. Djordjevi\'{c}, H. M. Srivastava, Some generalizations of certain sequences associated with the Fibonacci numbers, \textit{Journal of the Indonesian Mathematical Society} 12 (2006), 99--112.
- \bibitem{Dijkstra}
E. W. Dijkstra, Smoothsort, an alternative for sorting in situ, \textit{Science of Computer Programming} 1 (1982), 223--233.
- \bibitem{FMSS}
M. I. Falc\~{a}o, F. Miranda, R. Severino, M. J. Soares, Evaluation schemes in the ring of quaternionic polynomials, \textit{BIT Numerical Mathematics} 58 (2018), 51--72.
- \bibitem{Jacobson}
N. Jacobson, Composition algebras and their automorphisms, \textit{Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo} 7 (1958), 55--80.
- \bibitem{Ha} S. Halici, On Fibonacci quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 22 (2012), 321--327.
- \bibitem{HaC}
S. Halici, G. Cerda-Morales, On Quaternion-Gaussian Fibonacci numbers and their properties, \textit{Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii Ovidius Constanta, Seria Matematica} 29 (1) (2021), 71--82.
- \bibitem{HaKa} S. Halici, A. Karata\c{s}, On a generalization for Fibonacci quaternions, \textit{Chaos, Solitons and Fractals} {98} (2017), 178--182.
- \bibitem{Horadam}
A. F. Horadam, Complex Fibonacci numbers and Fibonacci quaternions, \textit{The American Mathematical Monthly} 70 (3) (1963), 289--291.
- \bibitem{KTH2010} E. Kilic, D. Tasci, P. Haukkanen, On the generalized Lucas sequences by Hessenberg matrices, \textit{Ars Combinatoria} 95 (2010), 383--395.
- \bibitem{Knuth}
D. Knuth, \textit{The art of computer programming}, Addison Wesley Longman, 1997.
- \bibitem{Koshy}
T. Koshy, \textit{Fibonacci and Lucas numbers with applications}, Wiley, 2018.
- \bibitem{Ipek}
A. \.{I}pek, On $(p, q)$-Fibonacci quaternions and their Binet formulas, generating functions and certain binomial sums, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 27 (2017), 1343--1351.
- \bibitem{Leite}
F. S. Leite, The geometry of hypercomplex matrices, \textit{Linear and Multilinear Algebra} 34 (2) (1993), 123--132.
- \bibitem{MC} J. Morais, I. Ca\c c\~ao, Quaternion Zernike spherical polynomials, \textit{Mathematics of Computation} 84 (293) (2015), 1317--1337.
- \bibitem{Pat} B. K. Patel, P. K. Ray, On the properties of $(p, q)$-Fibonacci and $(p, q)$-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Mathematical Reports} 21 (71) (2019), 15--25.
- \bibitem{PolathKesim}
E. Polath, S. Kesim, A note on Catalan's identity for the $k$-Fibonacci quaternions, \textit{Journal of Integer Sequences} 18 (2015), article 15.8.2.
- \bibitem{P}
E. Polatli, C. Kizilates, S. Kesim, On split $k$-Fibonacci and $k$-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 26 (2016), 353--362.
- \bibitem{PSoykan}
E. Polath, Y. Soykan, On Generalized Third-order Jacobsthal numbers, \textit{Asian Research Journal of Mathematics} 17 (2021), 1--19.
- \bibitem{Ra} J. L. Ram\'{\i}rez, Some combinatorial properties of the $k$-Fibonacci and the $k$-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii Ovidius Constanta} 23 (2) (2015), 201--212.
- \bibitem{SBVK}
N. Saba, A. Boussayoud, K. V. Kanuri, Mersenne Lucas numbers and complete homogeneous symmetric functions, \textit{Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science} 24 (2022), 127--139.
- \bibitem{SBV}
R. Ser\^{o}dio, P. D. Beites, J. Vit\'{o}ria, Intersection of a double cone and a line in the split-quaternions context, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford algebras} 27 (2017), 2795--2803.
- \bibitem{Sloane}
N. J. A. Sloane, \textit{The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences}, The OEIS Foundation, https://oeis.org (2021).
- \bibitem{SzW} A. Szynal-Liana, I. W{\l}och, The Pell quaternions and the Pell octonions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 26 (2016), 435--440.
- \bibitem{SzW1} A. Szynal-Liana, I. W{\l}och, A note on Jacobsthal quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 26 (2016), 441--447.
- \bibitem{TanLeung} E. Tan, H.-H. Leung, Some results on Horadam quaternions, \textit{Chaos, Solitons and Fractals} 138 (2020), article 109961.
- \bibitem{T} D. Tasci, On $k$-Jacobsthal and $k$-Jacobsthal-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Journal of Science and Arts} 3 (40) (2017), 469--476.
- \bibitem{Tok} U. Toke\c{s}er, Z. \"{U}nal, G. Bilgici, Split Pell and Pell-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras} 27 (2017), 1881--1893.
\bibitem{Vajda}
S. Vajda, \textit{Fibonacci \& Lucas numbers, and the golden section}, Ellis Horwood, 1989.
- \bibitem{VACa}
R. Vieira, F. Alves, P. Catarino, Rela\c{c}\~{o}es bidimensionais e identidades da sequ\^{e}ncia de Leonardo, \textit{Revista Sergipana de Matem\'{a}tica e Educa\c{c}\~{a}o Matem\'{a}tica} (2) (2019), 156--173.
- \bibitem{VMACa}
R. Vieira, M. Mangueira, F. Alves, P. Catarino, A forma matricial dos n\'{u}meros de Leonardo, \textit{Ci\^{e}ncia e Natura} 42 (2020), article e100.
- \bibitem{y} T. Ya\v{g}mur, Split Jacobsthal and Jacobsthal-Lucas quaternions, \textit{Communications in Mathematics and Applications} 10 (3) (2019), 429--438.