Araştırma Makalesi
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Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 76 - 85, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239

Öz

The purpose of this research was to examine how museums in Pakistan are contributing to the preservation of cultural artefacts. The purpose of this research is to identify possible ties between cultural institutions, museums, and the tourism sector that can raise consciousness among tourists. A random sampling procedure was used to select 300 participants. Data were collected from the Sindh province in Pakistan. We used qualitative data to collect information from museum curators, administrators, asset managers, and visitors. This qualitative study combined in-depth interviews with semi-structured open-ended questionnaires. There were two stages of data collection: the first involved interviews and the second involved identifying historic sites. It was determined that a proper awareness system was required; however, no culturally acceptable funding could be provided. It is easier to create a compelling presentation when there is a clearly defined national policy on cultural heritage.

Kaynakça

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  • Borucinska, I. (2018). The European Union and Japan towards strategic partnership agreement and economic partnership agreement. Regional Formation & Development Studies, 2(25). google scholar
  • Cetin, G. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 on tourism industry. Journal of Tourismology, 6(1), 1- 12. google scholar
  • Europe, European Commission. (2010). "The World’s No 1 Tourist Destination—A New Political Framework for Tourism in Europe." Commu-nication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee, and the Committee of the Regions, 2010. google scholar
  • Europa. (20139. "International trade in services." Europa. Accessed on epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu, 2013. google scholar
  • Goel, S., & Pitrelli, M. B. (2021). After a long wait, some of Southeast Asia’s most popular islands are reopening to travelers", CNBC Travel, available at: www.cnbc.com/2021/09/28/where-can-i-travel-insoutheast-asia-here-whats-open-fortourists.htm. google scholar
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  • Government of Pakistan, UNDP, and WTO. Tourism Master Plan Pakistan, Madrid-2000. google scholar
  • ICOMOS. "Cultural tourism charter." Paris: ICOMOS. Accessed on www.icomos.org, February 11, 2000. google scholar
  • Institute of Museum Services, National Endowment for the Arts, National Endowment for the Humanities, President’s Committee on the Arts and Humanities. Cultural Tourism Charter. Washington, 1995. google scholar
  • Korper, S. H., Druckman, D., & Broome, J. B. (1986). Value difference and conflict resolution. The Journal of Social Psychology, 126(3), 415-417. google scholar
  • Krakover, S., & Cohen, R. (2001). Visitors and non-visitors to archaeological heritage attractions: the cases of Massada and Avedat, Israel. Tourism Recreation Research 26(1), 27-33. google scholar
  • Le, P. (2020), "Disrupting the hospitality sector", The ASEAN Post, available at: https://theaseanpost.com/article/disrupting-hospitality-sector. google scholar
  • McKercher, B. (1993). Some fundamental truths about tourism: Understanding tourism’s social and environmental impacts. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1(1), 6-16. google scholar
  • McKercher, B., & Cros, H. (2002). Cultural Tourism: The Partnership between Tourism and Cultural Heritage Management. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press. google scholar
  • McKercher, B., Ho, P. M., & Cros, H. (2002). The relationship between tourism and cultural heritage. In Tourism in Asia: Development, Marketing, and Sustainability, edited by Kaye Sung Chon, Victor T. C. Heung, and Kee-choo Wong, 386-394. Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, SAR. google scholar
  • Ministry of Culture and Tourism. (2008). "Turizmİstatistikleri." Accessed on www.kultur.gov.tr/TR/BelgeGoster.aspx?F6E10F8892433CFF2B81939 FD5B60AFA2D9C6AFDB94F017A. google scholar
  • National Trust for Heritage Preservation. (1999). Getting started: How to succeed in heritage tourism. Washington. google scholar
  • Oktadiana, H., Wattanacharoensil, W., & Tolkach, D. (2022). Introduction. Internatıonal Journal of Tourısm Cıtıes, 8(1), 1-6, google scholar
  • Poria, Y., Butler, R., & Airey, D. (2003). The core of heritage tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30, 238-254. google scholar
  • Prentice, R., Davies, A., & Beeho, A. (1997). Seeking generic motivations for visiting and not visiting museums and like cultural attractions. Museum Management and Curatorship, 16(1), 45-70. google scholar
  • Report by the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation International Center for Sustainable Tourism (AICS). "Tourism Risk Management for the Asia Pacific Region." google scholar
  • Rijken, M., Struckmann, V., Dyakova, M., Melchiorre, M. G., Rissanen, S., & Ewout van Ginneken. (2013). ICARE4EU: Improving care for people with multiple chronic conditions in Europe. Eurohealth, 19(3),29-31. google scholar
  • Timothy, D. J., & Boyd, S. W. (2003). Heritage Tourism. Harlow: Prentice Hall. google scholar
  • Tourism in the United States: A Position Paper for the White House Conference on Travel and Tourism. google scholar
  • Tourism Canada. (1991). "An investigative study on the cultural tourism sector." Ottawa: Tourism Canada. google scholar
  • UNESCO (2004). Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. google scholar
  • UNESCO (2012). Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity: Proclamations 2001, 2003 and 2005. Electronic document. Accessed on http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001473/147344e.pdf, February 14, 2012. google scholar
  • United Nations World Tourism Organization and Environment Program. (2005). "Making tourism more sustainable: A guide for policymakers." UNWTO. google scholar
  • UNWTO (2019). "International tourism highlights 2019 edition", available at: www.eunwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284421152 google scholar
  • UNWTO (2021). "Vaccines and reopen borders driving tourism’s recovery", available at: www.unwto.org/news/vaccines-and-reopen-borders-driving-tourism-s-recovery google scholar World Tourism Organization (WTO). (2005). World Tourism Barometer, 1. google scholar
  • World Tourism Organization (WTO). (2005). World Tourism Barometer, January 3(1). google scholar
  • World Tourism Organization (WTO). "Social and cultural impacts of tourist movements." Madrid: World Tourism Organization. google scholar
  • World Travel and Tourism Council and Oxford Economics. (2013). "Methodology for producing the 2013 WTTC / Oxford Economics Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research." World Travel and Tourism Council. Accessed on www.wttc.org, 2013. google scholar
  • Zainuddin, A. (2021). "Across Southeast Asia, countries reopen borders in time for holidays", The Diplomat. 16 November, available at: https://thediplomat.com/2021/11/acrosssoutheast-asia-countries reopen-borders-in-time-for-holiday google scholar
Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 76 - 85, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239

Öz

Kaynakça

  • ASEAN (2015). "ASEAN tourism strategic plan 2016-2025", available at: https://asean.org/wpcontent/ uploads/2012/05/ATSP-2016-2025.pdf google scholar
  • Borucinska, I. (2018). The European Union and Japan towards strategic partnership agreement and economic partnership agreement. Regional Formation & Development Studies, 2(25). google scholar
  • Cetin, G. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 on tourism industry. Journal of Tourismology, 6(1), 1- 12. google scholar
  • Europe, European Commission. (2010). "The World’s No 1 Tourist Destination—A New Political Framework for Tourism in Europe." Commu-nication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee, and the Committee of the Regions, 2010. google scholar
  • Europa. (20139. "International trade in services." Europa. Accessed on epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu, 2013. google scholar
  • Goel, S., & Pitrelli, M. B. (2021). After a long wait, some of Southeast Asia’s most popular islands are reopening to travelers", CNBC Travel, available at: www.cnbc.com/2021/09/28/where-can-i-travel-insoutheast-asia-here-whats-open-fortourists.htm. google scholar
  • Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Tourism. Year Book 2004-2005. google scholar
  • Government of Pakistan, UNDP, and WTO. Tourism Master Plan Pakistan, Madrid-2000. google scholar
  • ICOMOS. "Cultural tourism charter." Paris: ICOMOS. Accessed on www.icomos.org, February 11, 2000. google scholar
  • Institute of Museum Services, National Endowment for the Arts, National Endowment for the Humanities, President’s Committee on the Arts and Humanities. Cultural Tourism Charter. Washington, 1995. google scholar
  • Korper, S. H., Druckman, D., & Broome, J. B. (1986). Value difference and conflict resolution. The Journal of Social Psychology, 126(3), 415-417. google scholar
  • Krakover, S., & Cohen, R. (2001). Visitors and non-visitors to archaeological heritage attractions: the cases of Massada and Avedat, Israel. Tourism Recreation Research 26(1), 27-33. google scholar
  • Le, P. (2020), "Disrupting the hospitality sector", The ASEAN Post, available at: https://theaseanpost.com/article/disrupting-hospitality-sector. google scholar
  • McKercher, B. (1993). Some fundamental truths about tourism: Understanding tourism’s social and environmental impacts. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 1(1), 6-16. google scholar
  • McKercher, B., & Cros, H. (2002). Cultural Tourism: The Partnership between Tourism and Cultural Heritage Management. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press. google scholar
  • McKercher, B., Ho, P. M., & Cros, H. (2002). The relationship between tourism and cultural heritage. In Tourism in Asia: Development, Marketing, and Sustainability, edited by Kaye Sung Chon, Victor T. C. Heung, and Kee-choo Wong, 386-394. Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, SAR. google scholar
  • Ministry of Culture and Tourism. (2008). "Turizmİstatistikleri." Accessed on www.kultur.gov.tr/TR/BelgeGoster.aspx?F6E10F8892433CFF2B81939 FD5B60AFA2D9C6AFDB94F017A. google scholar
  • National Trust for Heritage Preservation. (1999). Getting started: How to succeed in heritage tourism. Washington. google scholar
  • Oktadiana, H., Wattanacharoensil, W., & Tolkach, D. (2022). Introduction. Internatıonal Journal of Tourısm Cıtıes, 8(1), 1-6, google scholar
  • Poria, Y., Butler, R., & Airey, D. (2003). The core of heritage tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30, 238-254. google scholar
  • Prentice, R., Davies, A., & Beeho, A. (1997). Seeking generic motivations for visiting and not visiting museums and like cultural attractions. Museum Management and Curatorship, 16(1), 45-70. google scholar
  • Report by the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation International Center for Sustainable Tourism (AICS). "Tourism Risk Management for the Asia Pacific Region." google scholar
  • Rijken, M., Struckmann, V., Dyakova, M., Melchiorre, M. G., Rissanen, S., & Ewout van Ginneken. (2013). ICARE4EU: Improving care for people with multiple chronic conditions in Europe. Eurohealth, 19(3),29-31. google scholar
  • Timothy, D. J., & Boyd, S. W. (2003). Heritage Tourism. Harlow: Prentice Hall. google scholar
  • Tourism in the United States: A Position Paper for the White House Conference on Travel and Tourism. google scholar
  • Tourism Canada. (1991). "An investigative study on the cultural tourism sector." Ottawa: Tourism Canada. google scholar
  • UNESCO (2004). Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. google scholar
  • UNESCO (2012). Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity: Proclamations 2001, 2003 and 2005. Electronic document. Accessed on http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001473/147344e.pdf, February 14, 2012. google scholar
  • United Nations World Tourism Organization and Environment Program. (2005). "Making tourism more sustainable: A guide for policymakers." UNWTO. google scholar
  • UNWTO (2019). "International tourism highlights 2019 edition", available at: www.eunwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284421152 google scholar
  • UNWTO (2021). "Vaccines and reopen borders driving tourism’s recovery", available at: www.unwto.org/news/vaccines-and-reopen-borders-driving-tourism-s-recovery google scholar World Tourism Organization (WTO). (2005). World Tourism Barometer, 1. google scholar
  • World Tourism Organization (WTO). (2005). World Tourism Barometer, January 3(1). google scholar
  • World Tourism Organization (WTO). "Social and cultural impacts of tourist movements." Madrid: World Tourism Organization. google scholar
  • World Travel and Tourism Council and Oxford Economics. (2013). "Methodology for producing the 2013 WTTC / Oxford Economics Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research." World Travel and Tourism Council. Accessed on www.wttc.org, 2013. google scholar
  • Zainuddin, A. (2021). "Across Southeast Asia, countries reopen borders in time for holidays", The Diplomat. 16 November, available at: https://thediplomat.com/2021/11/acrosssoutheast-asia-countries reopen-borders-in-time-for-holiday google scholar
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Beşeri Coğrafya (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ali Raza 0000-0002-3111-2342

Abdul Wajid Moroojo 0000-0002-0218-8161

Ahsan Ul Haque Shaikh 0000-0002-6563-4261

Nurullah Pergen 0000-0003-1097-1073

Muhammad Saeed 0000-0003-4194-4756

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Raza, A., Wajid Moroojo, A., Shaikh, A. U. H., Pergen, N., vd. (2023). Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan. Journal of Tourismology, 9(2), 76-85. https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239
AMA Raza A, Wajid Moroojo A, Shaikh AUH, Pergen N, Saeed M. Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan. Journal of Tourismology. Aralık 2023;9(2):76-85. doi:10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239
Chicago Raza, Ali, Abdul Wajid Moroojo, Ahsan Ul Haque Shaikh, Nurullah Pergen, ve Muhammad Saeed. “Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan”. Journal of Tourismology 9, sy. 2 (Aralık 2023): 76-85. https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239.
EndNote Raza A, Wajid Moroojo A, Shaikh AUH, Pergen N, Saeed M (01 Aralık 2023) Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan. Journal of Tourismology 9 2 76–85.
IEEE A. Raza, A. Wajid Moroojo, A. U. H. Shaikh, N. Pergen, ve M. Saeed, “Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan”, Journal of Tourismology, c. 9, sy. 2, ss. 76–85, 2023, doi: 10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239.
ISNAD Raza, Ali vd. “Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan”. Journal of Tourismology 9/2 (Aralık 2023), 76-85. https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239.
JAMA Raza A, Wajid Moroojo A, Shaikh AUH, Pergen N, Saeed M. Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan. Journal of Tourismology. 2023;9:76–85.
MLA Raza, Ali vd. “Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan”. Journal of Tourismology, c. 9, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 76-85, doi:10.26650/jot.2023.9.2.1326239.
Vancouver Raza A, Wajid Moroojo A, Shaikh AUH, Pergen N, Saeed M. Revitalizing Cultural Heritage: Museums’ Dynamic Role in Raising Awareness in Pakistan. Journal of Tourismology. 2023;9(2):76-85.