Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

TRACING THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN HUMAN RIGHTS AND POST-EARTHQUAKE

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 4, 77 - 94, 25.10.2023

Öz

Deprem insan hayatına mal olacak sonuçlara neden olan bir doğa olayıdır. Ancak depremlerin bir felakete dönüşmesi ve insan haklarına zarar verecek boyutlara ulaşması gerekli tedbirlerin ve önlemlerin alınmamasıyla yakından bağlantılıdır. Deprem kuşağında yaşayan ülkelerin afetlerin ortaya çıkma, can ve mal güvenliğine risk oluşturma boyutları göz önünde bulundurularak gerekli afet planlarını oluşturmaları elzemdir. Afetlerin meydana geldikten sonrasındaki süreç ise çoğu zaman insan haklarına zarar verecek boyutlara ulaşmaktadır. Depremi yaşayan kişiler sonrası dönemde bir insan hakkı olarak barınma hakkı, sağlık hakkı, çevre hakkı gibi haklarından mahrum olmakta ve zorlu koşullarda hayatlarına devam etmek durumunda kalmaktadırlar. Çalışmada, 6 şubat 2023 depremi ve insan hakları tüm boyutları ile ele alınıp, deprem sonrası süreçte kişilerin özellikle hangi insan haklarından mahrum kaldıkları tartışılacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı. (2023a). Kahramanmaraş’ta Meydana Gelen Depremler Hk. Basın Bülteni–29, 13.02.2023, Access https://www.afad.gov.tr/kahramanmarasta-meydana-gelen-depremler-hk-basin-bulteni29 (Available at 17.07.2023).
  • Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı. (2023b). Genel Hayata Etkili Afet Bölgesi Hk.-Basın Duyurusu, 03.04.2023, Access https://www.afad.gov.tr/genel-hayata-etkili-afet-bolgesi-hk (Available at 20.08.2023).
  • Bosher, L. S. (2008). Hazards and the Built Environment: Attaining Built-in Resilience. London: Taylor and Francis.
  • British Broadcasting Corporation. (2023). 6 Şubat'taki Depremlerde Can Kaybı 50 bin 500'e yükseldi, 14 April 2023, Access https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/c51kdv8d15jo#:~:text=%C4%B0%C3%A7i%C5%9Fleri%20Bakan%C4%B1%20S%C3%BCleyman%20Soylu%2C%206,bin%20969'unun%20enkaz%C4%B1n%C4%B1n%20kald%C4%B1r%C4%B1ld%C4%B1 (Available at 21.08.2023)
  • Centre for Criminal Justice and Human Rights. (2018). Human Rights in Disasters Information Sheet, Access https://disasterlaw.ifrc.org/sites/default/files/media/disaster_law/2020-09/IDL-Information-Sheet-No.4-Human-Rights-in-Disasters-March-2018.pdf (Available at 15.08.2023).
  • EduBirdie. (2022). Earthquakes as the Natural Disaster Posing the Greatest Danger to Societies. (2022, November 25), Access https://edubirdie.com/examples/earthquakes-as-the-natural-disaster-posing-the-greatest-danger-to-societies/ (Available at 16.08.2023).
  • Inter-Agency Standing Committee. (2011). IASC Operational Guidelines on the Protection of Persons in Situations of Natural Disasters, University of Bern: The Brookings – Bern Project on Internal Displacement. Inter-Agency Standing Committee. (2015). Guidelines for Integrating Gender-Based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action: Reducing risk, promoting resilience and aiding recovery, Access https://gbvguidelines.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/2015_IASC_Gender-based_Violence_Guidelines_full-res.pdf (Available at 15.08.2023).
  • Inter-Agency Standing Committee. (2019). Guidelines: Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in Humanitarian Action, IASC Task Team on inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in Humanitarian Action, Access https://interagencystandingcommittee.org/system/files/2020-11/IASC%20Guidelines%20on%20the%20Inclusion%20of%20Persons%20with%20Disabilities%20in%20Humanitarian%20Action%2C%202019_0.pdf (19.08.2023).
  • International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. (1966). Adopted and Opened for Signature, Ratification and Accession by General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966 entry into force 3 January 1976, in accordance with article 27.
  • National Disaster Management Authority. (2023). Earthquakes, Government of India, Access https://ndma.gov.in/Natural-Hazards/Earthquakes (Available at 23.07.2023).
  • Ritchie, H. (2018). What Were the World’s Deadliest Earthquakes?, Access https://ourworldindata.org/the-worlds-deadliest-earthquakes (Available at 13.08.2023).
  • Smith, N. (2006). There’s No Such Thing as a Natural Disaster, SSCR, Access https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/files/retreat/files/smith_2006_theres_no_such_thing.pdf (Available at 12.08.2023).
  • Support the Life. (2023). Emergency Situation Report, 17.08.2023, Access https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkey-earthquake-emergency-situation-report-17082023 (Available at 18.08.2023).
  • The Guardian. (2023). The Most Deadly Earthquakes of the Past 25 years, Access https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/09/the-most-deadly-earthquakes-in-the-past-25-years (Available at 19.08.2023).
  • The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. (2023). Disaster Brief: 2023 Türkiye Earthquake, 08.02.2023, Access https://www.ifrc.org/document/turkiye-earthquake-disaster-brief (Available at 03.08.2023).
  • The World Bank. (2010). Natural Hazards, UnNatural Disasters: The Economics of Effective Prevention, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC.
  • Türk Mühendis ve Mimar Odaları Birliği. (2023). 6 Şubat 2023 Depremleri Tespit Ve Değerlendirme Raporu, 23 Şubat 2023, Access https://www.tmmob.org.tr/sites/default/files/mo06022023depremtespit.pdf (Available at 13.08.2023).
  • United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. (2023a). Humanitarian Situation Report No. 1, Access https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/media/15136/file/UNICEF%20T%C3%BCrkiye%20Humanitarion%20Situation%20Report%20No.%201%20(Earthquake)%2016%20February%202023.pdf (Available at 20.08.2023).
  • United Nations. (2023). Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, What are Human Rights, Access https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights/economic-social-cultural-rights (Available at 22.08.2023).
  • United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner. (2022). The Right to Housing in Disasters, Conflict and Post-Conflict Settings, Access https://www.ohchr.org/en/special-procedures/sr-housing/right-housing-disasters-conflict-and-post-conflict-settings (Available at 19.08.2023).
  • United States Geological Survey. (2023). The M7.8 and M7.5 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence struck near Nurdağı, Turkey (Türkiye) on February 6, 2023, Access https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/355bfc8b3c5941e683d4f258e8fb2dfa (Available at 13.08.2023).
  • United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. (2023). Humanitarian Transition Overview: Türkiye Earthquake Response, Issued: August 2023, Access https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/turkiye/humanitarian-transition-overview-turkiye-earthquake-response-august-2023 (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023a). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #3, 24 February 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkiye%20EQ%20SitRep%233.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023b). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #4, 2 March 2023, Access https://turkiye.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/turkiye_en_sitrep4.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023c). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #5, 10 March 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Tu%CC%88rkiye%20EQ%20SitRep%235%2C%20March%2010.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023d). Türkiye / Syria Earthquake: Joint Situation Report #3, 20 April 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkiye-Syria%20Earthquake%20Joint%20Sitrep%203.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023e). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #5, 19 June 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkiye%20Sitrep_June%202023.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023f). UNFPA Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #6, 3 August 2023, Access https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/unfpa-turkiye-earthquake-situation-report-6-3-august-2023 (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights. (1948). United Nations, Access https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/2021/03/udhr.pdf (Available at 13.08.2023).

TRACING THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN HUMAN RIGHTS AND POST-EARTHQUAKE

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 4, 77 - 94, 25.10.2023

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı. (2023a). Kahramanmaraş’ta Meydana Gelen Depremler Hk. Basın Bülteni–29, 13.02.2023, Access https://www.afad.gov.tr/kahramanmarasta-meydana-gelen-depremler-hk-basin-bulteni29 (Available at 17.07.2023).
  • Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı. (2023b). Genel Hayata Etkili Afet Bölgesi Hk.-Basın Duyurusu, 03.04.2023, Access https://www.afad.gov.tr/genel-hayata-etkili-afet-bolgesi-hk (Available at 20.08.2023).
  • Bosher, L. S. (2008). Hazards and the Built Environment: Attaining Built-in Resilience. London: Taylor and Francis.
  • British Broadcasting Corporation. (2023). 6 Şubat'taki Depremlerde Can Kaybı 50 bin 500'e yükseldi, 14 April 2023, Access https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/c51kdv8d15jo#:~:text=%C4%B0%C3%A7i%C5%9Fleri%20Bakan%C4%B1%20S%C3%BCleyman%20Soylu%2C%206,bin%20969'unun%20enkaz%C4%B1n%C4%B1n%20kald%C4%B1r%C4%B1ld%C4%B1 (Available at 21.08.2023)
  • Centre for Criminal Justice and Human Rights. (2018). Human Rights in Disasters Information Sheet, Access https://disasterlaw.ifrc.org/sites/default/files/media/disaster_law/2020-09/IDL-Information-Sheet-No.4-Human-Rights-in-Disasters-March-2018.pdf (Available at 15.08.2023).
  • EduBirdie. (2022). Earthquakes as the Natural Disaster Posing the Greatest Danger to Societies. (2022, November 25), Access https://edubirdie.com/examples/earthquakes-as-the-natural-disaster-posing-the-greatest-danger-to-societies/ (Available at 16.08.2023).
  • Inter-Agency Standing Committee. (2011). IASC Operational Guidelines on the Protection of Persons in Situations of Natural Disasters, University of Bern: The Brookings – Bern Project on Internal Displacement. Inter-Agency Standing Committee. (2015). Guidelines for Integrating Gender-Based Violence Interventions in Humanitarian Action: Reducing risk, promoting resilience and aiding recovery, Access https://gbvguidelines.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/2015_IASC_Gender-based_Violence_Guidelines_full-res.pdf (Available at 15.08.2023).
  • Inter-Agency Standing Committee. (2019). Guidelines: Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in Humanitarian Action, IASC Task Team on inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in Humanitarian Action, Access https://interagencystandingcommittee.org/system/files/2020-11/IASC%20Guidelines%20on%20the%20Inclusion%20of%20Persons%20with%20Disabilities%20in%20Humanitarian%20Action%2C%202019_0.pdf (19.08.2023).
  • International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. (1966). Adopted and Opened for Signature, Ratification and Accession by General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966 entry into force 3 January 1976, in accordance with article 27.
  • National Disaster Management Authority. (2023). Earthquakes, Government of India, Access https://ndma.gov.in/Natural-Hazards/Earthquakes (Available at 23.07.2023).
  • Ritchie, H. (2018). What Were the World’s Deadliest Earthquakes?, Access https://ourworldindata.org/the-worlds-deadliest-earthquakes (Available at 13.08.2023).
  • Smith, N. (2006). There’s No Such Thing as a Natural Disaster, SSCR, Access https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/files/retreat/files/smith_2006_theres_no_such_thing.pdf (Available at 12.08.2023).
  • Support the Life. (2023). Emergency Situation Report, 17.08.2023, Access https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/turkey-earthquake-emergency-situation-report-17082023 (Available at 18.08.2023).
  • The Guardian. (2023). The Most Deadly Earthquakes of the Past 25 years, Access https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/09/the-most-deadly-earthquakes-in-the-past-25-years (Available at 19.08.2023).
  • The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. (2023). Disaster Brief: 2023 Türkiye Earthquake, 08.02.2023, Access https://www.ifrc.org/document/turkiye-earthquake-disaster-brief (Available at 03.08.2023).
  • The World Bank. (2010). Natural Hazards, UnNatural Disasters: The Economics of Effective Prevention, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC.
  • Türk Mühendis ve Mimar Odaları Birliği. (2023). 6 Şubat 2023 Depremleri Tespit Ve Değerlendirme Raporu, 23 Şubat 2023, Access https://www.tmmob.org.tr/sites/default/files/mo06022023depremtespit.pdf (Available at 13.08.2023).
  • United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. (2023a). Humanitarian Situation Report No. 1, Access https://www.unicef.org/turkiye/media/15136/file/UNICEF%20T%C3%BCrkiye%20Humanitarion%20Situation%20Report%20No.%201%20(Earthquake)%2016%20February%202023.pdf (Available at 20.08.2023).
  • United Nations. (2023). Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, What are Human Rights, Access https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights/economic-social-cultural-rights (Available at 22.08.2023).
  • United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner. (2022). The Right to Housing in Disasters, Conflict and Post-Conflict Settings, Access https://www.ohchr.org/en/special-procedures/sr-housing/right-housing-disasters-conflict-and-post-conflict-settings (Available at 19.08.2023).
  • United States Geological Survey. (2023). The M7.8 and M7.5 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence struck near Nurdağı, Turkey (Türkiye) on February 6, 2023, Access https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/355bfc8b3c5941e683d4f258e8fb2dfa (Available at 13.08.2023).
  • United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. (2023). Humanitarian Transition Overview: Türkiye Earthquake Response, Issued: August 2023, Access https://www.unocha.org/publications/report/turkiye/humanitarian-transition-overview-turkiye-earthquake-response-august-2023 (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023a). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #3, 24 February 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkiye%20EQ%20SitRep%233.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023b). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #4, 2 March 2023, Access https://turkiye.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/turkiye_en_sitrep4.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023c). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #5, 10 March 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Tu%CC%88rkiye%20EQ%20SitRep%235%2C%20March%2010.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023d). Türkiye / Syria Earthquake: Joint Situation Report #3, 20 April 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkiye-Syria%20Earthquake%20Joint%20Sitrep%203.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023e). Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #5, 19 June 2023, Access https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkiye%20Sitrep_June%202023.pdf (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • United Nations Population Fund. (2023f). UNFPA Türkiye Earthquake Situation Report #6, 3 August 2023, Access https://reliefweb.int/report/turkiye/unfpa-turkiye-earthquake-situation-report-6-3-august-2023 (Available at 17.08.2023).
  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights. (1948). United Nations, Access https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/2021/03/udhr.pdf (Available at 13.08.2023).
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kamu Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ezgi Kovancı 0000-0003-1434-2581

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 24 Ekim 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ekim 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Kovancı, E. (2023). TRACING THE CONNECTIONS BETWEEN HUMAN RIGHTS AND POST-EARTHQUAKE. Kapanaltı Dergisi(4), 77-94.