BEŞ MANTAR TÜRÜNÜN KEMOMETRİK YAKLAŞIM İLE GC VE GC-MS KULLANILARAK YAĞ ASİDİ BİLEŞİMİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 11 - 18, 31.12.2023

Fatih Çayan

https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.1281010

Öz

Yağ asitleri, enerji kaynakları ve zar bileşenleri olarak bilinmektedir. Yağ asitlerinin biyolojik etkileri, hücre ve doku metabolizmasını etkilemek ve hormonal ve diğer sinyallere yanıt vermekten oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de doğal olarak yayılış gösteren Cerrena unicolor, Hymenochaete rubiginosa, Inocutis rheades, Leptoporus mollis ve Polyporus squamosus isimli beş farklı mantarın yağ asidi bileşimlerini gaz kromatografisi (GC) ve GC-kütle spektrometresi (GC-MS) kullanarak karakterize etmek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Mantar türlerinde toplam on altı yağ asidi taranmıştır. Çalışılan bütün mantar türlerinde en fazla bulunan yağ asitleri linoleik (%10,35-65,69), oleik (%12,03-53,27), palmitik (%12,68-21,16), stearik (%2,39-4,36) ve palmitoleik (%1,40-4,26) asitler olarak kaydedilmiştir. Doymamış yağ asitlerinin (UFA) miktarları (%60,02-80,70) doymuş yağ asitlerinden (SFA) (%19,24-39,58) daha yüksek hesaplanmıştır. Mantar türlerinin yağ asidi bileşimleri açısından korelasyonları veya farklılıkları, temel bileşenler analizi (PCA) ve hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi (HCA) kullanılarak kemometrik olarak incelenmiştir. Her iki analizde de diğer dört mantar türünden en yüksek oranda linoleik asit (%65.69) ile H. rubiginosa ayrılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mantarlar, Hiyerarşik kümeleme analizi, Kemometrik analiz, Yağ asitleri, Temel bileşenler analizi, Gaz kromatografisi-kütle spektrometresi (GC-MS)

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF FIVE MUSHROOM SPECIES BY GC AND GC-MS WITH A CHEMOMETRIC APPROACH

Öz

Fatty acids are recognized as energy sources and membrane components. The biological effects of the fatty acids are composed of influencing cell and tissue metabolism, and responding to hormonal and other signals. This study was planned to characterize the fatty acid compositions of five different mushrooms namely, Cerrena unicolor, Hymenochaete rubiginosa, Inocutis rheades, Leptoporus mollis, and Polyporus squamosus naturally distributed in Turkey by using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of sixteen fatty acids were screened in the mushroom species. The most abundant fatty acids were recorded as linoleic (10.35-65.69%), oleic (12.03-53.27%), palmitic (12.68-21.16%), stearic (2.39-4.36%) and palmitoleic (1.40-4.26%) acids in all studied mushrooms. The amounts of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) (60.02-80.70%) were calculated higher than saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (19.24-39.58%). The correlations or differences of the mushroom species with regard to fatty acid compositions were chemometrically investigated by using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). H. rubiginosa was separated with the highest amount of linoleic acid (65.69%) from other four mushroom species in both analyses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mushrooms, Hierarchical clustering analysis, Chemometric analysis, Fatty acids, Principal component analysis, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

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