Demans Tanısı Olan Bireylere Bakım Verenlere Yönelik Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Temelli Bir Müdahalenin Geliştirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 92, 54 - 75

Elçin Yorulmaz Gülay Dirik

https://doi.org/10.31828/turkpsikoloji.1349743

Öz

Demans tanısı sonrasında kişilerin günlük yaşamı sürdürme becerilerinde azalma olması bakım ihtiyacına yol açmaktadır. Bakım vermenin zorlukları ise bakım verenlere yönelik müdahalelerin önemini artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi’den (BDT) ve Stres Süreci Modeli’nden yola çıkarak demans tanısı olan bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerine yönelik BDT temelli bir psikolojik müdahalenin geliştirilmesidir. Çalışmaya yaşları 41 ile 75 arasında değişmekte olan (Ort = 59.37, S = 7.85), 31’i (%88.6) kadın, 4’ü (%11.4) erkek 35 demans tanısı olan bireye bakım veren katılmıştır. Katılımcılar seçkisiz olarak müdahale (S = 18) ve kontrol grubuna (S = 17) atanmışlardır. Öncelikle 12 katılımcı ile pilot çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar Kişisel Bilgi Formu’nu ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri’ni doldurmuşlardır. Müdahale grubundaki katılımcılar sekiz hafta boyunca haftada bir, bir saat, bireysel olarak ve kendi evlerinde, geliştirilen müdahaleyi almışlardır ve müdahale öncesinde ve sonrasında ölçümleri tamamlamışlardır. Kontrol grubundaki katılımcılar ise sekiz hafta ara ile iki kez evlerinde ziyaret edilmiş olup, bu ziyaretlerde yalnızca ölçüm alınmıştır. Bulgular, müdahalenin demans tanısı olan bireylere bakım veren aile üyelerinin psikolojik semptomlarını azalttığını göstermektedir. Bakım vermenin bakım verenlerin psikolojik sağlıkları üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olsa da bu çalışma geliştirilen müdahalenin psikolojik semptom açısından iyileştirici gücüne işaret etmekte olup uygulanmasının bakım verenlerin psikolojik semptomları açısından yararlı olacağını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Demans tanısı olan bireylere bakım vermek, bilişsel davranışçı terapi, psikolojik semptom

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok.

Kaynakça

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