Hormonal and biochemical profile in elite sportsmen during the preparation season

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 18 - 22, 01.08.2016

Fatemeh Islami Abbas Ghanbar Niaki Aliakbar Sharifiyan Ramezanali Arabameri

Öz

Concerns have been raised regarding the effects
of short time intensive training on adolescent athletes. The aim of the present
study was to investigate six weeks of volleyball training on hormonal and
biochemical profile in elite high school male volleyball players in
Golestan province (Iran) in preparation season to take part in global
competitions of champion school in France. Subjects of training group consisted
of 12 elite volleyball players in premier league students and the control group
consisted of 12 healthy and non-athlete boy students. The training group
practiced at  60-85% maximum heart rate
(MHR) for 6 weeks, 90 minutes per session, 6 sessions per week and 3 sessions a
day (first session: technical practice, second session: tactical practices and
third session: technical/tactical practices). Blood samples were taken
following 12 hours of fasting both before and after the volleyball training.
cortisol and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations significantly decreased in
the training group following 6 weeks of Preparation training. With the
exception of cortisol there was no significant difference between the groups
regarding lactate dehydrogenase variable. Glucose
concentration significantly increased in the training group following the 6
weeks Preparation training, also significant difference was observed between
the control and training group. Testosterone, insulin and insulin resistance
levels were increased and cortisol/testosterone ratio was decreased in the
training subjects following the 6 weeks of Preparation training (P>0.05).
However, the results revealed no significant difference between the two groups
regarding these variables. Our results show that
volleyball training during the 6 weeks in the preparation season can lead to
abnormalities in indices of glucose homeostasis. Also the results suggest that
along with the improvement of anaerobic and aerobic characteristics, training
reduces the catabolic and inflammatory response to exercise. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cortisol, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, testestorone, voleyball player

Kaynakça

• Bouassida A, Chatard JC, Chamari K, Zaouali M, Feki Y, Gharbi N, Zbidi A, Tabka Z. Effect of energy expenditure and training status on leptin response to sub-maximal cycling. J Sports Sci Med. 2009 Jun 1; 8(2):190-6.
• Edwards, D.A., Waters, J., Weiss, A., and Jarvis, A. Intercollegiate athletics: competition increases saliva testosterone in women soccer, volleyball, and softball players. In: Ardis, L.I. (Ed.), Testosterone Research Trends. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., Hauppage, New York; 2007 pp. 195–209.
• Edwards, D.A., O'Neal, J.L., Oral contraceptives decrease saliva testosterone but do not affect the rise in testosterone associated with athletic competition. Horm. Behav. 2009: 56, 195–198.
• Edwards DA, Kurlander LS. Women's intercollegiate volleyball and tennis: effects of warm-up, competition, and practice on saliva levels of cortisol and testosterone. Horm Behav. 2010 Sep; 58(4):606-13.
• Eliakim A, Portal S, Zadik Z, Rabinowitz J, Adler-Portal D, Cooper DM, Zaldivar F, Nemet D. The effect of a volleyball practice on anabolic hormones and inflammatory markers in elite male and female adolescent players. J Sports Sci Med. 2009 Jun 1; 8(2):190-6. eCollection 2009.
• Eliakim A, Portal S, Zadik Z, Meckel Y, Nemet D. Training reduces catabolic and inflammatory response to a single practice in female volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Nov; 27(11):3110-5.
• Gharakhanlou R., Gaeini A.A., Yaghmaei B., Dadkan M. A Study of Determining the Effects of 8 Weeks of Football Training on Nitric Oxide of Players and its Association with Muscle Cramp in the First Division of Football League. Research on Sport Science Spring 2002, Volume 1, Number 1; Page(S) 81 To 94. [Persian]
• Ghasemnian A, Ghaeini A , Kordi M , Hedayati M , Rami M , Ghorbanian B. Effect of Interval Endurance Training Program on Plasma Eotaxin,Adiponectin Levels , Insulin Resistance, Serum Lipid Profile and Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Adolescents. The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 24(6), August 2013.
• Gulati M, Shaw LJ, Thisted RA, Black HR, Bairey Merz CN, Arnsdorf MF. Heart rate response to exercise stress testing in asymptomatic women: the st. James women take heart project. Circulation. 2010; 122:130–137.
• Kuo M Ch , Chou Ch H, Ho Ch F, Lee H H, Chang W H, Lin T W, Hou C W, Chien KY , Liu T Ch, and Kuo Ch H. Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity Following an One-Week Volleyball Competition. Chinese Journal of Physiology 49(3): 147-151, 2006.
• Li TL, Lin HC, Ko MH, Chang CK, Fang SH. Effects of prolonged intensive training on the resting levels of salivary immunoglobulin A and cortisol in adolescent volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2012 Oct; 52(5):569-73.
• Matthews D, Hosker J, Rudenski A, Naylor B, Treacher D, Turner R. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and -cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985; 28(7):412-9.
• Mendes, A.M., Madon, R.J. and Flint, D.J. Effects of cortisol and progesterone on insulin binding and lipogenesis in adipocytes from normal and diabetic rats. J. Endocrinol. 106: 225-231, 1985.
• Mielgo- Ayuso J, Collado P S , Urdampilleta A, Miguel Martínez-Sanz J and Seco J,. Changes induced by diet and nutritional intake in the lipid profile of female professional volleyball players after 11 weeks of training. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2013, 10:55.pp 1-7.
• Moreira A, Freitas CG, Nakamura FY, Drago G, Drago M, Aoki MS. Effect of match importance on salivary cortisol and immunoglobulin A responses in elite young volleyball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jan; 27(1):202-7.
• Ruiz JR, Mesa JL, Mingorance I, Rodriguez-Cuartero A, Castillo MJ: Sports requiring stressful physical exertion cause abnormalities in plasma lipid profile. Rev Esp Cardiol 2004, 57(6):499–506.
• Sourati Jabloo D, Attarzadeh Hosseini S R, Sayadpour Zanjani D, Ahmadi A, Mansouri J. Comparison of Resistance and Endurance Exercises on Testosterone to Cortisol Ratio in Post-Menopausal Women. Daneshvar Medicine February-March 2012, Volume 19 , Number 97; Page(S) 73 To 83.
• Tambalis K, Panagiotakos DB, Kavouras SA, Sidossis LS: Responses of blood lipids to aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic with resistance exercise training: a systematic review of current evidence. Angiology 2009, 60(5):614–632.