ÇEVRESEL KUZNETS EĞRİSİNİN AMPİRİK OLARAK ANALİZİ: MEKSİKA ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 20, 267 - 284, 18.01.2018

Süleyman Yurtkuran Harun Terzi

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.350401

Cited By: 9

Öz

Bu çalışma; Meksika’da 1971-2015
döneminde otoregresif gecikmesi dağıtılmış model (ARDL), sınır testi,
Bayer-Hanck eşbütünleşme testi, hata düzeltme modeli ve Hatemi-J asimetrik
nedensellik yöntemi yardımıyla kişi başına düşen karbon salımı, kişi başına
düşen kömür tüketimi, finansal gelişim, kişi başına düşen gayri safi yurtiçi
hasıla ve kişi başına düşen gayri safi yurtiçi hasılanın karesi arasındaki
ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sınır ve Bayer-Hanck testleri sonucunda
seriler arasında uzun dönemde eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna
varılmıştır. Yapılan ARDL testi sonucunda uzun dönemde kişi başına düşen kömür
tüketimi, finansal gelişim ve kişi başına düşen gayri safi yurtiçi hasıladan
kişi başına düşen karbon salımına doğru tek yönlü ve istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı bir ilişkiye ulaşılmıştır. Finansal gelişimin karbon salımını negatif
olarak etkilemesi, Meksika’da finansal gelişim arttıkça çevre kirliliğinin
azaldığını göstermektedir. Kişi başına düşen gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla ile
karbon salımı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı tespit edilen ters U
şeklindeki bu ilişki, Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi hipotezini destekler
niteliktedir. Kömür tüketiminde artış karbon salımını arttırdığı için korumacı
politikalar uygulanması ekonomik büyümede azalışa sebep olabilir. Bu yüzden
enerji kaynaklarının verimli kullanılması politika yapıcıların öncelikle
hedefleri arasında yer almalıdır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karbondioksit Salımı, Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi, Ekonomik Büyüme, Kömür Tüketimi

EMPIRICAL ANALYSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE: MEXICAN CASE

Öz

This study aims to investigate the relationship between carbon emission
per capita, coal consumption per capita, financial development, income per
capita and the square of income per capita in Mexico covering the period from
1971 to 2015 and using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, bounds
testing, Bayer-Hanck cointegration testing, error correction model and Hatemi-J
Asymmetric causality model. The bounds and Bayer-Hanck tests for cointegration
indicates that the analyzed variables are cointegrated. ARDL test result
revealed that there is a one-way and statistically significant relationship
moving from coal consumption per capita, financial development and income per
capita to carbon emission per capita in the long-run. The negative impact of
financial development on carbon emissions shows that as financial development
in Mexico increases, environmental pollution decreases. This inverted U-shaped
relationship, which is statistically significant between income per capita and
carbon emissions per capita, supports the Environmental Kuznets Curve
hypothesis. Applying conservative policies may cause a decrease in economic
growth because the increase in coal consumption increases carbon emissions.
Therefore, the efficient use of energy resources should be a primary goal of
policy makers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Environmental Kuznets Curve, Economic Growth, Coal Consumption

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