Ounar, Safevîlerden bir mezarlık

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 1 - 17, 15.05.2018

Behrooz Afkhami Samad Parvin

Öz

İnançlar ve sanatsal alanlarda insan inanışlarıyla yakın ilişkisi nedeniyle mezar taşları büyük önem taşır. Meshkinşahr şehri, belirli bir coğrafyadaki konumu ve Safevi dini sermayesine (Ardabil) olan yakınlığı ve İslami mezar taşları açısından zenginliği ve bu alandaki yeterli araştırma eksikliği nedeniyle incelenen bölge olarak seçilmiştir. Bu şehrin mezarlıklar arasında, ana tür mezarlar ve çeşitli sembolik motifler nedeniyle Ounar mezarlığı araştırıldı. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kullanılan simgesel tasarımları ya da işaretleri, özellikle Şii dinine verilen tabloları tanımlamak, tipoloji yapmak ve analiz etmek ve mezar taşlarını kronolojik olarak incelemektir. Bu araştırma, betimsel-analitik yaklaşıma dayalı saha araştırmaları ve kütüphane çalışmaları ile yürütülmüştür, böylece yürütülen çalışmalar, çoğu mezarın kronolojisinin Safevî döneme ait olduğunu ve en çok kullanılan motiflerin dini alanda kullanıldığını göstermiştir. Büyük Salvat'ın duası ve üç yaprak palmiye sterilizasyonu rolü Safevi döneminde yaygın olan İmam Hüseyin'in tabutunun sembolüdür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tombstone, Cemetery of Ounar, Symbolism, Decorative motifs

Ounar, a cemetery from the Safavid era

Öz

Tombstones have great importance in belief and artistic areas due to its close connection with human beliefs.
Meshkinshahr’s city was selected as the studied area due to its location at a
particular geography and its proximity to the Safavid religious capital
(Ardabil), as well as its richness in terms of Islamic gravestones and lack of
adequate studies in this field. Among the cemeteries of this city, the cemetery
of Ounar was investigated due to main kind of graves and various symbolic
motifs. The purpose of this study was to identify, typology, analyze the used
symbolic designs or signs, particularly paintings assigned to the Shiite
religion, and chronologize the gravestones. This research has been conducted
through field surveys and library studies based on the descriptive-analytical
approach, so that the conducted studies have shown that the chronology of most
graves is related to the Safavid period and the most used motifs were used in
the religious domain. Prayer of the Great Salvat and the role of three-leaf
palm sterlization is the symbol of Imam Hussein's coffin which was common in
the Safavid era.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tombstone, Cemetery of Ounar, Symbolism, Decorative motifs

Kaynakça

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