(Makro) İktisatta Gelişmeler: Yeni Bir (Makro) İktisada Doğru mu?

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 35, 13.05.2015

Ercan Eren

Öz

İktisattaki başlıca kırılma noktalarından birisi Newtoncu denge yaklaşımı üzerine kurulmasıdır. 1930'lara kadar Alman tarihçi okul ve özellikle Veblen'de Darwin-biyoloji-evrim analizi esastır. Bu iki okul Almanya ve ABD'de hayli etkili olmuştur. 1930'lardan yakın döneme kadarki uzun bir zaman aralığı boyunca evrim, kendi kendine organize olma, sürekli olmama, kesiklilik gibi kavramlar iktisatta fazla kullanılmamıştır. Neo-klasik sentez, monetarizm, yeni-klasik iktisat, reel konjonktür dalgaları, yeni Keynesçi iktisat ve yeni Neo-klasik sentezde (Newtoncu) denge kavramı temeldir.

 

İktisatta yeni araçların gelişimi (evrimci oyun teorisi, davranışsal oyun teorisi, network iktisadı, graf teorisi, algoritma iktisadı, bilgisayar biliminde gelişmeler, bilgisayar programlarının ve simülasyonların kullanımının yaygınlaşması, kendi kendine organizasyonun algoritmik olarak modellenmesi, sistem dinamiği, evrimci fizik, kompleksite fiziği, ajan-bazlı modelleme vb.) ve 2008 krizinin etkisiyle evrimci, davranışsal makroiktisadın yükselişi dikkat çekmiştir.

 

Bu çalışmada 2008 krizi sonrasında ana akım makroiktisatta görülen gelişmeler ve bunun iktisat eğitimine yansımaları, denge-evrim ikilemi çerçevesinde değerlendirilecektir.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Denge, Evrim, İktisadi Düşünce, Simülasyon

Kaynakça

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