The Effect of Temperature on Shoot Development in Soilless Rose Cultivation

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3, 396 - 405, 30.09.2016

Pembe Çürük

Öz

Temperature is one of the many factors claimed to have an impact on growth cycle of rose. The influence of temperature in the range of 17-24°C on bud break, shoot location, shoot growth (i.e. stem length, diameter of stem, opening date of unfolded leaves, development time of shoot,) and fresh and dry weight of stem and leaves on the rose cultivar “Akito” was studied. Bud break in this study is found to be correlated with the temperature. While the number of days to bud breaks decreased when the temperature increased, total number of bud break was found to be higher at low temperature than the high temperature. The results showed no significant impact of temperature on the location of shoots. Temperature, however, was found to be one of the factors affecting the blindness and flowering status of the shoots of roses. In this study, comportment with a temperature 20.5ºC is found to be the best in terms of the number of shoots reached the flowering stages. Shoots grown faster in the high temperature, but final shoot length at the harvesting time was found to be shorter at high temperature than at low temperature. Stem diameter of roses grown in the lower temperature were thicker than those grown at high temperature at the harvesting time. The number of days from cut back to flowering decreased with increasing temperature. High temperature speeded up leaves unfolding and therefore had an effect on leaves unfolding dates, but there was no evidences suggesting temperature had an effect on total number of leaves at the harvesting time. This study which found relationship between temperature and shoots growth time indicates that it is possible to decrease shoot development time by increasing temperature. The study which also found statistically significant relationship between temperature and flower stages indicates that, higher temperature resulted in smaller flower stages.

Topraksız Gül Yetiştiriciliğinde Sıcaklık Uygulamalarının Sürgün Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Sıcaklık, gülün yetişme periyodunda etkili olan faktörlerden birisidir. Bu çalışmada, 17, 20.5 ve 24°C sıcaklık değerlerinin “Akito” gül çeşidinde gözlerin uyanması, sürgünlerin çıkış yeri, sürgün gelişimi (çiçek sapı uzunluğu, çiçek sapı çapı, yaprakların açılma zamanı), çiçek sapı ve yaprak, taze ve kuru ağırlığı üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Gözlerin uyanmasının sıcaklıkla ilgisi olduğu tespit edilmiş, gözlerin uyanması için geçen sürenin artan sıcaklıkla azaldığı ve uyanan göz sayısının da düşük sıcaklıkta en fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmada 20.5ºC sıcaklıkta yetişen güllerin çiçeklenme aşamasına ulaşabilen sürgün sayısının en fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sürgün gelişimi yüksek sıcaklıkta hızlı olmuş fakat hasat zamanındaki çiçek sapı uzunluğu yüksek sıcaklıkta yetişen güllerde düşük sıcaklıkta yetişenlere göre daha kısa olarak ölçülmüştür. Hasat zamanı yapılan ölçümlerde çiçek sapı çapının da düşük sıcaklıkta yetişen güllerde, yüksek sıcaklıkta yetişenlere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Yüksek sıcaklık, yaprakların açılmasını hızlandırmış, böylece yaprakların açılmaya kadar geçen süreye etkisi saptanmıştır. Ancak hasat zamanındaki yaprak sayısına etkisinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, sürgün gelişim süresinin sıcaklık değerinin artmasıyla ters orantılı olarak azaldığı belirlenmiştir.

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