Çözücü Farkının Zeytin Yaprağı Ekstraktı’nın Polifenolik Profiline ve Toplam Fenolik Madde Miktarına Etkisi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 43 - 50, 31.03.2017

Mehmet Ali Temiz Atilla Temur

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.305097

Öz

Zeytin ağaçları her dem yeşil, pek çok farklı amaç
için meyveleri, yaprakları ve gövdesi kullanılabilen en eski bitkilerinden
birisidir. Zeytin, özellikle Akdeniz diyetinde ve son zamanlarda da herkesin
ilgisini çeken geniş metabolik etkileriyle çok kullanılan bir besin kaynağı
haline gelmiştir. Zeytin ve yaprağı polifenolik bileşikler bakımından
zengindir. Polifenolik bileşikler arasında da oleuropein en bol bulunan ve en
aktif olanıdır. Diğer önemli aktif bileşikler ise hidroksitirozol, tirozol ve
verbaskozittir. Oleuropein antioksidan, antidiyabetik ve antimikrobiyal
etkilere sahiptir. Bu çalışma; çözücü farkının zeytin yaprağındaki polifenolik
bileşiklerin miktarlarına ve toplam fenolik madde miktarına etkisinin
araştırılması amacıyla planlanmıştır. Saf su, metanol/su ve metanol solventleri
kullanılarak zeytin yaprağı ekstrakte edilmiştir. Elde edilen ekstraktta,
içerik tayini kromatografik analiz kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca toplam
fenolik madde miktarı Folin-Ciocalteu metodu ile spektrofotometrik yöntem
kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Kromatografik analizler sonucunda metanolik
solventlerin oleuropeini zeytin yaprağından daha etkin bir şekilde ekstrakte
ettiği bulunmuştur. Solvent olarak su kullanıldığında ise hidroksitirozol,
tirozol ve verbaskozitin daha iyi
ekstrakte edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Ekstrakte edilen toplam
fenolik madde miktarı bakımından solventler karşılaştırıldığında sırasıyla
metanol, metanol/su ve suda en yüksek miktarlar bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak,
yüksek hidrofilik karakterlerinden dolayı polifenolik bileşiklerin, polaritesi
fazla olan metanolik solventlerde daha verimli ekstrakte edilebileceği
belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekstraksiyon, HPLC, Oleuropein, Zeytin, Toplam fenolik madde

Effect of Solvent Variation on Polyphenolic Profile and Total Phenolic Content of Olive Leaf Extract

Öz

Olive tree is one of the
oldest plants, evergreen and of which fruits, leaves and trunk can be used for
many different purposes. Olive has become a nutritional source widely used for
especially in the Mediterranean diet and due to its extensive metabolic effects
attracting everyone's attention recently. Olive and olive leaves are rich in
polyphenolic compounds. Oleuropein is the most available and most active
polyphenolic compound. Hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol and verbascoside are other
important active compounds. Oleuropein has antioxidant, antidiabetic and
antimicrobial effects. This study was investigated the effects of solvent
variation on the amount of polyphenolic compounds and total phenolic content in
olive leaves. The olive leaves were extracted using water, methanol/water and
methanol solvents. The content of olive leaves extract was investigated by
chromatographic analysis. Also total phenolic content was determined using
Folin-Ciocalteu method by spectrophotometric method. The chromatographic
analysis showed that methanolic solvents more effectively extracted oleuropein
from olive leaf. However, when water was used as a solvent, hydroxytyrosol,
tyrosol and verbascoside were extracted better from olive leaf. When solvents
were compared in respect to their total phenolic content; the order from
highest to lower was respectively methanol, methanol/water, and water.
Consequently, due to their high hydrophilic character; polyphenolic compounds
can more efficiently be extracted in methanolic solvents with high polarity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Extraction, HPLC, Oleuropein, Olive, Total phenolic content

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