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Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 113 - 120, 10.01.2011

Öz

Priming, ekim öncesinde tohuma yapılan çeşitli uygulamalar olup, çimlenme için gerekli metabolik aktiviteyi başlatacak,
ancak kök çıkışına imkan tanımayacak seviyedeki kontrollü su alımı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Priming pek çok bitki türünde,
özellikle düşük sıcaklık gibi uygun olmayan koşullarda, çimlenme-çıkış oranını ve hızını artırmakta ve buna bağlı olarak, kısa
sürede istenilen sıklıkta fide tesisinin sağlanmasına imkan tanımaktadır. Priming uygulaması neticesinde, hızlı kök ve sürgün
çıkışının gerçekleşmesi daha kuvvetli fide gelişimine fırsat vermekte, kurağa dayanıklılık artmakta, bitkiler daha kısa sürede
çiçeklenerek hasat olgunluğuna gelmekte ve verim yükselmektedir. Ayrıca, priming uygulaması hastalık ve zararlılara karşı
dayanıklılık da sağlayabilmekte ve baklagillerde nodül oluşumunu artırmaktadır. Bu literatür çalışmasında, priming uygulamasının
amaçları, faydaları, etki mekanizmaları, priming uygulama teknikleri ve priming uygulamalarına etki eden önemli faktörler
üzerinde durulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Akers, S.W., 1990. Seed response to priming in aerated solutions. Search, 19: 8-17.
  • Akers, S.W., Berkowitz, G.A., Rabin, J., 1987. Germination of parsley seed primed in aerated solutions of polyethylene glycol. HortScience, 22: 250-252.
  • Akers, S.W., Holley, K.E., 1986. SPS: A system for priming seeds using aerated polyethylene glycol or salt solutions. HortScience, 21: 529-531.
  • Ali, A., Machado, V.S., Hamil, A.S., 1990. Osmoconditioning of tomato and onion seeds. Scientia Horticulturae, 43: 213-224.
  • Al-Karaki, G.N., 1998. Response of wheat and barley during germination to seed osmopriming at different water potential. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 181: 229-235.
  • Al-Mudaris, M., Jutzi, S.C., 1997. Germination of Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench) under drought and heat stress as affected by NaCl seed priming. International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture for Food, Energy and Industry, FAO, Braunschweig, Germany, Book of Abstracts, pp. 304.
  • Al-Mudaris, M., Jutzi, S.C., 1999. The influence of fertilizer-based seed priming treatments on emergence and seedling growth of Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum in pot trials under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 182: 135-141.
  • Armstrong, H., McDonald, M.B., 1992. Effects of osmoconditioning on water uptake and electrical conductivity in soybean seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 20: 391-400.
  • Artola, A., Carrillo-Castaneda, G., Santos, G.G.D., 2003. Hydropriming: a strategy to increase Lotus corniculatus L. seed vigor. Seed Science and Technology, 31: 455-463.
  • Aschermann-Koch, C., Hofmann, P., Steiner, A.M., 1992. Presowing treatment for improving quality in cereals. I. Germination and vigour. Seed Science and Technology, 20: 435-440.
  • Atherton J.G., Faroque A.M., 1983. High temperature and germination in spinach. II. Effect of osmotic priming. Scientia Horticulturae, 19: 221-227.
  • Bailly, C., Benamar, A., Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1997. Changes in Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione Reductase Activities in Sunflower Seeds During Accelerated Aging and Subsequent Priming. In: Ellis, R.H., Black, M., Murdoch, A.J., Hong, T.D. (ed.) Basic and Applied Aspects of Seed Biology. 665-672. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
  • Bailly, C., Benamar, A., Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1998. Free radical scavenging as affected by accelerated aging and subsequent priming in sunflower seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, 104: 646-652.
  • Bennett, M.A., Waters, L., 1987. Seed hydration treatments for improved sweet corn germination and stand establishment. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 112: 45-49.
  • Bewley, J.D., 1997. Seed germination and dormancy. The Plant Cell, 9: 1055-1066.
  • Bradford, K.J., 1986. Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions. HortScience, 21: 1105-1112.
  • Bradford, K.J., 1995. Water Relations in Seed Germination. In: Kigel, J., Galili, G. (ed.) Seed Development and Germination. 351-396. Marcel Dekker, New York.
  • Bray C.M., 1995. Biochemical Processes During the Osmopriming of Seeds. In: Kigel, J., Galili, G. (ed.) Seed Development and Germination. 767-789. Marcel Dekker, New York.
  • Bray, C.M., Davison, P.A., Ashraf, M., Taylor, R.M., 1989. Biochemical changes during priming of leek seeds. Annals of Botany, 63:185-193.
  • Capron, I., Corbineau, F., Dacher, F., Job, C., Come, D., Job, D., 2000. Sugarbeet seed priming: effects of priming conditions on germination, solubilization of 11-S globulin and accumulation of LEA proteins. Seed Science Research, 10: 243-254.
  • Caseiro, R., Bennet, M.A., Marcos-Filho, J., 2004. Comparison of three priming techniques for onion seed lots differing in initial seed quality. Seed Science and Technology, 32: 365- 375.
  • Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1990. Effects of priming on the germination of Valerianella olitoria seeds in relation with temperature and oxygen. Acta Horticulturae, 267: 191-197.
  • Danneberger, T.K., McDonald, M.B., Geron, C.A., Kumari, P., 1992. Rate of germination and seedling growth of perennial ryegrass seed following osmoconditioning. HortScience, 27: 28-30.
  • Davison, P.A., Bray, C.M., 1991. Protein synthesis during osmopriming of leek (Allium porrum L.) seeds. Seed Science Research, 1: 29-35.
  • De Castro, R.D., Zheng, X., Bergervoet, J.H.W., De Vos C.H.R., Bino, R.J., 1995. β-tubulin accumulation and DNA replication in imbibing tomato seeds. Plant Physiology, 109: 499-504.
  • Dell’Aquila, A., Spada, P., 1992. Regulation of protein synthesis in germinating wheat embryos under polyethylene glycol and salt stres. Seed Science Research, 2: 75-80.
  • Demir, İ., Ellialtıoğlu, Ş., Tıpırdamaz, R., 1994. The effect of different priming treatments on reparability of aged eggplant seeds. Acta Horticulturae, 362: 205-212.
  • Drew, R.L.K., Hands, L.J., Gray, D., 1997. Relating the effects of priming to germination of unprimed seeds. Seed Science and
  • Durrant, M.J., Payne, P.A., McLaren, J.S., 1983. The use of water and some inorganic salt solutions to advance sugar beet seed. I. Laboratory studies. Annals of Applied Biology, 103: 507- 515.
  • Elkoca, E., Haliloğlu, K., Eşitken, A., Ercişli, S., 2006. Hydro- and osmopriming improve chickpea germination. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B, Plant and Soil Science (Basımda).
  • Ely, P.R., Heydecker, W., 1981. Fast germination of parsley seeds. Scientia Horticulturae, 15: 127-136.
  • Foti, S., Cosentino, S.L., Patane, C., D’Agosta, G.M., 2002. Effect of osmoconditioning upon seed germination of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) under low temperatures. Seed Science and Technology, 30: 521-533.
  • Fujikura, Y., Kraak, H.L., Basra, A.S., Karssen, C.M., 1993. Hydropriming, a simple and inexpensive priming method. Seed Science and Technology, 21: 639-642.
  • Halpin-Ingham, B., Sundstrom, F.J., 1992. Pepper seed water content, germination response and respiration following priming treatments. Seed Science and Technology, 20: 589- 596.
  • Hardegree, S.P., Emmerich, W., 1990. Effect of polyethylene glycol exclusion on the water potential of solution-saturated fitler paper. Plant Physiology, 92: 462-466.
  • Hardegree, S.P., Jones, T.A., Van Vactor, S.S., 2002. Variability in thermal response of primed and non-primed seeds of squirreltail [Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey and Elymus multisetus (J.G. Smith) M.E. Jones]. Annals of Botany, 89: 311-319.
  • Hardegree, S.P., Van Vactor, S.S., 2000. Germination and emergence of primed grass seeds under field and simulated- field temperature regimes. Annals of Botany, 85: 379-390.
  • Harris, D., 1996. The effects of manure, genotype, seed priming, depth and date of sowing on the emergence and early growth of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench in semi-arid Botswana. Soil Tillage Research, 40: 73-88.
  • Harris, D., Joshi, A., Khan, P.A., Gothkar, P., Sodhi, P.S., 1999. On-farm seed priming in semi-arid agriculture: development and evaluation in maize, rice and chickpea in India using participatory methods. Experimental Agriculture, 35: 15-29.
  • Harris, D., Raghuwanshi, B.S., Gangwar, J.S., Singh, S.C., Joshi, K.D., Rashid, A., Hollington, P.A., 2001. Participatory evaluation by farmers of on-farm seed priming in wheat in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Experimental Agriculture, 37: 403-415.
  • Helsel, D.G., Helsel, D.R., Minor, H.C., 1986. Field studies on osmoconditioning soybeans, Glycine max. Field Crops Research, 14: 291-298.
  • Heydecker, W., Gibbins, B., 1978. The `priming` of seeds. Acta Horticulturae, 83: 213-215.
  • Hsu, J.L., Sung, J.M., 1997. Antioxidant role of glutathione associated with accelerated aging and hydration of triploid watermelon seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, 100: 967-974.
  • Hussain, M., Farooq, M., Basra, S.M.A., Ahmad, N., 2006. Influence of seed priming techniques on the seedling establishment, yield and quality of hybrid sunflower. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 8: 14-18.
  • Jones, K., Sanders, D., 1987. The influence of soaking pepper seed in water or potassium salt solutions on germination at three temperatures. Journal of Seed Technology, 11: 97-102.
  • Kantar, F., Elkoca, E., 1998. Kültür bitkilerinde tuza dayanıklılık. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 29 (1): 163-174.
  • Kantar, F., Elkoca, E., 2001. Bazı fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) çeşitlerinin kardinal ve toplam sıcaklık isteklerinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye 4. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 17-21 Eylül 2001, Cilt I Tahıllar ve Yemeklik Tane Baklagiller, Tekirdağ, s. 371-375.
  • Kaur, S., Gupta, A.K., Kaur, N., 2002. Effect of osmo- and hydropriming of chickpea seeds on seedling growth and carbohydrate metabolism under water deficit stress. Plant Growth Regulation, 37: 17-22.
  • Khalil, S.K., Mexal, J.G.., Murray, L.W., 2001. Germination of soybean seed primed in aerated solution of polyethylene glycol (8000). Online Journal of Biological Science, 1: 105- 107.
  • Khan, A.A., 1992. Preplant physiological seed conditioning. Horticultural Reviews, 13: 131-181.
  • Khan, A.A., Maguire, J.D., Abawi, G.S., Ilyas, S., 1992. Matriconditioning of vegetable seeds to improve stand establishment in early field plantings. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 117: 41-47.
  • Korkmaz, A., Pill, W.G., 2003. The effect of different priming treatments and storage conditions on germination performance of lettuce seeds. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 68: 260-265.
  • Lanteri, S., Saracco, F., Kraak, H.L., Bino, R.J., 1994. The effects of priming on nuclear replication activity and germination of pepper (Capsicum annuum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seeds. Seed Science Research, 4: 81-87.
  • Lee-suskoon, K.M., Hyeum, J., Beom, H.S., Minkyeong, K., Euiho, P., 1998. Optimum water potential, temperature and duration for priming of rice seeds. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 43: 1-5.
  • Mauromicale, G., Cavallaro, V., 1996. Effects of seed osmopriming on germination of three herbage grasses at low temperatures. Seed Science and Technology, 24: 331-338.
  • Mazor, L., Perl, M., Negbi, M., 1984. Changes in some ATP- dependent activities in seeds during treatment with polyethylene glycol and during the redrying process. Journal of Experimental Botany, 35: 1119-1127.
  • McDonald, M.B., 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assesment. Seed Science and Technology, 27: 177-237.
  • McDonald, M.B., 2000. Seed Priming. In: Black, M., Bewley, J.D. (ed.) Seed Technology and Its Biological Basis. 287–325. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, UK.
  • Mexal, J., Fisher, J.T., Osteryoung, J., Reid, C.P., 1975. Oxygen availability in polyethylene glycol solutions and its implications in plant-water relations. Plant Physiology, 55: 20-24.
  • Murray, G.A., 1990. Priming sweet corn seed to improve emergence under cool conditions. HortScience, 25: 231.
  • Musa, A.M., Harris, D., Johansen, C., Kumar, J., 2001. Short duration chickpea to replace fallow after aman rice: the role of on-farm seed priming in the High Barind Tract of Bangladesh. Experimental Agriculture, 37: 509-521.
  • Naylor, R.E.L., Syversen, M.K., 1988. Assessment of seed vigour in Italian ryegrass. Seed Science and Technology, 16: 419- 426.
  • Nienow, A.W., Brocklehurst, P.A., 1987. Seed preparation for rapid germination-engineering studies. Bioreactors and Biotransformations, 52-63.
  • Özbingöl, N., Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1998. Responses of tomato seeds to osmoconditioning as related to temperature and oxygen. Seed Science Research, 8: 377-384.
  • Özbingöl, N., Corbineau, F., Groot, S.P.C., Bino, R.J., Come, D., 1999. Activation of the cell cycle in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds during osmoconditioning as related to temperature and oxygen. Annals of Botany, 84: 245-251.
  • Parera, C.A., Cantliffe, D.J., 1994. Presowing seed priming. Horticultural Reviews, 16: 109-141.
  • Passam, H.C., Kakouriotis, D., 1994. The effects of osmoconditioning on the germination, emergence and early plant growth of cucumber under saline conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 57: 233-240.
  • Passam, H.C., Lambropoulos, E., Khah, E.M., 1997. Pepper seed longevity following production under high ambient temperature. Seed Science and Technology, 25: 177-185.
  • Patane, C., 2000. Influence of temperature on seed germination of a sulla sweetvetch (Hedysarum coronarium L.) population collected in a hilly area of Southern Italy. Seed Science and
  • Pill, W.G., Kilian, E.A., 2000. Germination and emergence of parsley in response to osmotic or matric seed priming treatment with gibberellin. HortScience, 35: 907-909.
  • Rashid, A., Harris, D., Hollington, P., Ali, S., 2004. On-farm seed priming reduces yield losses of mungbean (Vigna radiata) associated with mungbean yellow mosaic virus in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Crop Protection, 23: 1119-1124.
  • Redfearn, M., Osborne, D.J., 1997. Effects of advancement on nucleic acids in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) seeds. Seed Science Research, 7:261-267.
  • Singh, P., Singh, D.P., Kumar, A., Chaudhary, B.D., Thakural, S.K., 1988. Response of Mungbean-Blackgram Hybrids under Water Stress Conditions. In: Shanmugasundaram, S., McLean, B.T. (ed.) Mungbean. 263-271. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium held in Bangkok, 16-20 November 1987, Thailand.
  • Smith, P.T., Cobb, B.G., 1992. Physiological/enzymatic characteristics of primed, redried, and germinated pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum L.). Seed Science and Technology, 20: 503-513.
  • Sundstrom, F.J., Edwards, R.L., 1989. Pepper seed respiration, germination and seedling development following seed priming. HortScience, 24: 343-345.
  • Sung, F.J.M., Chang, Y.H., 1993. Biochemical activities associated with priming of sweet corn seeds to improve vigor. Seed Science and Technology, 21: 97-105.
  • Taylor, A.G., 1997. Seed Storage, Germination and Quality. In: Wien, H.C. (ed.) The Physiology of Vegetable Crops. 1-36. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K.
  • Turk, M.A., Rahman, A., Tawaha, M., Lee, K.D., 2004. Seed germination and seedling growth of three lentil cultivars under moisture stress. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (3): 394-397.
  • Wagenvoort, W.A., Bierhuizen, J.F., 1977. Some aspects of seed germination in vegetables. II. The effect of temperature fluctuation, depth of sowing, seed size and cultivar on heat sum and minimum temperature for germination. Scientia Horticulturae, 6: 259-270.
  • Yeoung, Y.R., Wilson, D.O., Murray, G.A., 1996. Germination performance and loss of late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins during muskmelon seed priming. Seed Science and Technology, 24: 429-441.
  • Zheng, G.H., Wilen, R.W., Slinkard, A.E., Gusta, L.V., 1994. Enhancement of canola seed germination and seedling emergence at low temperature by priming. Crop Science, 34: 1589-1593.
Yıl 2007, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 113 - 120, 10.01.2011

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akers, S.W., 1990. Seed response to priming in aerated solutions. Search, 19: 8-17.
  • Akers, S.W., Berkowitz, G.A., Rabin, J., 1987. Germination of parsley seed primed in aerated solutions of polyethylene glycol. HortScience, 22: 250-252.
  • Akers, S.W., Holley, K.E., 1986. SPS: A system for priming seeds using aerated polyethylene glycol or salt solutions. HortScience, 21: 529-531.
  • Ali, A., Machado, V.S., Hamil, A.S., 1990. Osmoconditioning of tomato and onion seeds. Scientia Horticulturae, 43: 213-224.
  • Al-Karaki, G.N., 1998. Response of wheat and barley during germination to seed osmopriming at different water potential. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 181: 229-235.
  • Al-Mudaris, M., Jutzi, S.C., 1997. Germination of Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench) under drought and heat stress as affected by NaCl seed priming. International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture for Food, Energy and Industry, FAO, Braunschweig, Germany, Book of Abstracts, pp. 304.
  • Al-Mudaris, M., Jutzi, S.C., 1999. The influence of fertilizer-based seed priming treatments on emergence and seedling growth of Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum in pot trials under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 182: 135-141.
  • Armstrong, H., McDonald, M.B., 1992. Effects of osmoconditioning on water uptake and electrical conductivity in soybean seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 20: 391-400.
  • Artola, A., Carrillo-Castaneda, G., Santos, G.G.D., 2003. Hydropriming: a strategy to increase Lotus corniculatus L. seed vigor. Seed Science and Technology, 31: 455-463.
  • Aschermann-Koch, C., Hofmann, P., Steiner, A.M., 1992. Presowing treatment for improving quality in cereals. I. Germination and vigour. Seed Science and Technology, 20: 435-440.
  • Atherton J.G., Faroque A.M., 1983. High temperature and germination in spinach. II. Effect of osmotic priming. Scientia Horticulturae, 19: 221-227.
  • Bailly, C., Benamar, A., Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1997. Changes in Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione Reductase Activities in Sunflower Seeds During Accelerated Aging and Subsequent Priming. In: Ellis, R.H., Black, M., Murdoch, A.J., Hong, T.D. (ed.) Basic and Applied Aspects of Seed Biology. 665-672. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
  • Bailly, C., Benamar, A., Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1998. Free radical scavenging as affected by accelerated aging and subsequent priming in sunflower seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, 104: 646-652.
  • Bennett, M.A., Waters, L., 1987. Seed hydration treatments for improved sweet corn germination and stand establishment. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 112: 45-49.
  • Bewley, J.D., 1997. Seed germination and dormancy. The Plant Cell, 9: 1055-1066.
  • Bradford, K.J., 1986. Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions. HortScience, 21: 1105-1112.
  • Bradford, K.J., 1995. Water Relations in Seed Germination. In: Kigel, J., Galili, G. (ed.) Seed Development and Germination. 351-396. Marcel Dekker, New York.
  • Bray C.M., 1995. Biochemical Processes During the Osmopriming of Seeds. In: Kigel, J., Galili, G. (ed.) Seed Development and Germination. 767-789. Marcel Dekker, New York.
  • Bray, C.M., Davison, P.A., Ashraf, M., Taylor, R.M., 1989. Biochemical changes during priming of leek seeds. Annals of Botany, 63:185-193.
  • Capron, I., Corbineau, F., Dacher, F., Job, C., Come, D., Job, D., 2000. Sugarbeet seed priming: effects of priming conditions on germination, solubilization of 11-S globulin and accumulation of LEA proteins. Seed Science Research, 10: 243-254.
  • Caseiro, R., Bennet, M.A., Marcos-Filho, J., 2004. Comparison of three priming techniques for onion seed lots differing in initial seed quality. Seed Science and Technology, 32: 365- 375.
  • Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1990. Effects of priming on the germination of Valerianella olitoria seeds in relation with temperature and oxygen. Acta Horticulturae, 267: 191-197.
  • Danneberger, T.K., McDonald, M.B., Geron, C.A., Kumari, P., 1992. Rate of germination and seedling growth of perennial ryegrass seed following osmoconditioning. HortScience, 27: 28-30.
  • Davison, P.A., Bray, C.M., 1991. Protein synthesis during osmopriming of leek (Allium porrum L.) seeds. Seed Science Research, 1: 29-35.
  • De Castro, R.D., Zheng, X., Bergervoet, J.H.W., De Vos C.H.R., Bino, R.J., 1995. β-tubulin accumulation and DNA replication in imbibing tomato seeds. Plant Physiology, 109: 499-504.
  • Dell’Aquila, A., Spada, P., 1992. Regulation of protein synthesis in germinating wheat embryos under polyethylene glycol and salt stres. Seed Science Research, 2: 75-80.
  • Demir, İ., Ellialtıoğlu, Ş., Tıpırdamaz, R., 1994. The effect of different priming treatments on reparability of aged eggplant seeds. Acta Horticulturae, 362: 205-212.
  • Drew, R.L.K., Hands, L.J., Gray, D., 1997. Relating the effects of priming to germination of unprimed seeds. Seed Science and
  • Durrant, M.J., Payne, P.A., McLaren, J.S., 1983. The use of water and some inorganic salt solutions to advance sugar beet seed. I. Laboratory studies. Annals of Applied Biology, 103: 507- 515.
  • Elkoca, E., Haliloğlu, K., Eşitken, A., Ercişli, S., 2006. Hydro- and osmopriming improve chickpea germination. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B, Plant and Soil Science (Basımda).
  • Ely, P.R., Heydecker, W., 1981. Fast germination of parsley seeds. Scientia Horticulturae, 15: 127-136.
  • Foti, S., Cosentino, S.L., Patane, C., D’Agosta, G.M., 2002. Effect of osmoconditioning upon seed germination of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) under low temperatures. Seed Science and Technology, 30: 521-533.
  • Fujikura, Y., Kraak, H.L., Basra, A.S., Karssen, C.M., 1993. Hydropriming, a simple and inexpensive priming method. Seed Science and Technology, 21: 639-642.
  • Halpin-Ingham, B., Sundstrom, F.J., 1992. Pepper seed water content, germination response and respiration following priming treatments. Seed Science and Technology, 20: 589- 596.
  • Hardegree, S.P., Emmerich, W., 1990. Effect of polyethylene glycol exclusion on the water potential of solution-saturated fitler paper. Plant Physiology, 92: 462-466.
  • Hardegree, S.P., Jones, T.A., Van Vactor, S.S., 2002. Variability in thermal response of primed and non-primed seeds of squirreltail [Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey and Elymus multisetus (J.G. Smith) M.E. Jones]. Annals of Botany, 89: 311-319.
  • Hardegree, S.P., Van Vactor, S.S., 2000. Germination and emergence of primed grass seeds under field and simulated- field temperature regimes. Annals of Botany, 85: 379-390.
  • Harris, D., 1996. The effects of manure, genotype, seed priming, depth and date of sowing on the emergence and early growth of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench in semi-arid Botswana. Soil Tillage Research, 40: 73-88.
  • Harris, D., Joshi, A., Khan, P.A., Gothkar, P., Sodhi, P.S., 1999. On-farm seed priming in semi-arid agriculture: development and evaluation in maize, rice and chickpea in India using participatory methods. Experimental Agriculture, 35: 15-29.
  • Harris, D., Raghuwanshi, B.S., Gangwar, J.S., Singh, S.C., Joshi, K.D., Rashid, A., Hollington, P.A., 2001. Participatory evaluation by farmers of on-farm seed priming in wheat in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Experimental Agriculture, 37: 403-415.
  • Helsel, D.G., Helsel, D.R., Minor, H.C., 1986. Field studies on osmoconditioning soybeans, Glycine max. Field Crops Research, 14: 291-298.
  • Heydecker, W., Gibbins, B., 1978. The `priming` of seeds. Acta Horticulturae, 83: 213-215.
  • Hsu, J.L., Sung, J.M., 1997. Antioxidant role of glutathione associated with accelerated aging and hydration of triploid watermelon seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, 100: 967-974.
  • Hussain, M., Farooq, M., Basra, S.M.A., Ahmad, N., 2006. Influence of seed priming techniques on the seedling establishment, yield and quality of hybrid sunflower. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 8: 14-18.
  • Jones, K., Sanders, D., 1987. The influence of soaking pepper seed in water or potassium salt solutions on germination at three temperatures. Journal of Seed Technology, 11: 97-102.
  • Kantar, F., Elkoca, E., 1998. Kültür bitkilerinde tuza dayanıklılık. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 29 (1): 163-174.
  • Kantar, F., Elkoca, E., 2001. Bazı fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) çeşitlerinin kardinal ve toplam sıcaklık isteklerinin belirlenmesi. Türkiye 4. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 17-21 Eylül 2001, Cilt I Tahıllar ve Yemeklik Tane Baklagiller, Tekirdağ, s. 371-375.
  • Kaur, S., Gupta, A.K., Kaur, N., 2002. Effect of osmo- and hydropriming of chickpea seeds on seedling growth and carbohydrate metabolism under water deficit stress. Plant Growth Regulation, 37: 17-22.
  • Khalil, S.K., Mexal, J.G.., Murray, L.W., 2001. Germination of soybean seed primed in aerated solution of polyethylene glycol (8000). Online Journal of Biological Science, 1: 105- 107.
  • Khan, A.A., 1992. Preplant physiological seed conditioning. Horticultural Reviews, 13: 131-181.
  • Khan, A.A., Maguire, J.D., Abawi, G.S., Ilyas, S., 1992. Matriconditioning of vegetable seeds to improve stand establishment in early field plantings. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 117: 41-47.
  • Korkmaz, A., Pill, W.G., 2003. The effect of different priming treatments and storage conditions on germination performance of lettuce seeds. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 68: 260-265.
  • Lanteri, S., Saracco, F., Kraak, H.L., Bino, R.J., 1994. The effects of priming on nuclear replication activity and germination of pepper (Capsicum annuum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seeds. Seed Science Research, 4: 81-87.
  • Lee-suskoon, K.M., Hyeum, J., Beom, H.S., Minkyeong, K., Euiho, P., 1998. Optimum water potential, temperature and duration for priming of rice seeds. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 43: 1-5.
  • Mauromicale, G., Cavallaro, V., 1996. Effects of seed osmopriming on germination of three herbage grasses at low temperatures. Seed Science and Technology, 24: 331-338.
  • Mazor, L., Perl, M., Negbi, M., 1984. Changes in some ATP- dependent activities in seeds during treatment with polyethylene glycol and during the redrying process. Journal of Experimental Botany, 35: 1119-1127.
  • McDonald, M.B., 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assesment. Seed Science and Technology, 27: 177-237.
  • McDonald, M.B., 2000. Seed Priming. In: Black, M., Bewley, J.D. (ed.) Seed Technology and Its Biological Basis. 287–325. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, UK.
  • Mexal, J., Fisher, J.T., Osteryoung, J., Reid, C.P., 1975. Oxygen availability in polyethylene glycol solutions and its implications in plant-water relations. Plant Physiology, 55: 20-24.
  • Murray, G.A., 1990. Priming sweet corn seed to improve emergence under cool conditions. HortScience, 25: 231.
  • Musa, A.M., Harris, D., Johansen, C., Kumar, J., 2001. Short duration chickpea to replace fallow after aman rice: the role of on-farm seed priming in the High Barind Tract of Bangladesh. Experimental Agriculture, 37: 509-521.
  • Naylor, R.E.L., Syversen, M.K., 1988. Assessment of seed vigour in Italian ryegrass. Seed Science and Technology, 16: 419- 426.
  • Nienow, A.W., Brocklehurst, P.A., 1987. Seed preparation for rapid germination-engineering studies. Bioreactors and Biotransformations, 52-63.
  • Özbingöl, N., Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1998. Responses of tomato seeds to osmoconditioning as related to temperature and oxygen. Seed Science Research, 8: 377-384.
  • Özbingöl, N., Corbineau, F., Groot, S.P.C., Bino, R.J., Come, D., 1999. Activation of the cell cycle in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds during osmoconditioning as related to temperature and oxygen. Annals of Botany, 84: 245-251.
  • Parera, C.A., Cantliffe, D.J., 1994. Presowing seed priming. Horticultural Reviews, 16: 109-141.
  • Passam, H.C., Kakouriotis, D., 1994. The effects of osmoconditioning on the germination, emergence and early plant growth of cucumber under saline conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 57: 233-240.
  • Passam, H.C., Lambropoulos, E., Khah, E.M., 1997. Pepper seed longevity following production under high ambient temperature. Seed Science and Technology, 25: 177-185.
  • Patane, C., 2000. Influence of temperature on seed germination of a sulla sweetvetch (Hedysarum coronarium L.) population collected in a hilly area of Southern Italy. Seed Science and
  • Pill, W.G., Kilian, E.A., 2000. Germination and emergence of parsley in response to osmotic or matric seed priming treatment with gibberellin. HortScience, 35: 907-909.
  • Rashid, A., Harris, D., Hollington, P., Ali, S., 2004. On-farm seed priming reduces yield losses of mungbean (Vigna radiata) associated with mungbean yellow mosaic virus in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Crop Protection, 23: 1119-1124.
  • Redfearn, M., Osborne, D.J., 1997. Effects of advancement on nucleic acids in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) seeds. Seed Science Research, 7:261-267.
  • Singh, P., Singh, D.P., Kumar, A., Chaudhary, B.D., Thakural, S.K., 1988. Response of Mungbean-Blackgram Hybrids under Water Stress Conditions. In: Shanmugasundaram, S., McLean, B.T. (ed.) Mungbean. 263-271. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium held in Bangkok, 16-20 November 1987, Thailand.
  • Smith, P.T., Cobb, B.G., 1992. Physiological/enzymatic characteristics of primed, redried, and germinated pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum L.). Seed Science and Technology, 20: 503-513.
  • Sundstrom, F.J., Edwards, R.L., 1989. Pepper seed respiration, germination and seedling development following seed priming. HortScience, 24: 343-345.
  • Sung, F.J.M., Chang, Y.H., 1993. Biochemical activities associated with priming of sweet corn seeds to improve vigor. Seed Science and Technology, 21: 97-105.
  • Taylor, A.G., 1997. Seed Storage, Germination and Quality. In: Wien, H.C. (ed.) The Physiology of Vegetable Crops. 1-36. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K.
  • Turk, M.A., Rahman, A., Tawaha, M., Lee, K.D., 2004. Seed germination and seedling growth of three lentil cultivars under moisture stress. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (3): 394-397.
  • Wagenvoort, W.A., Bierhuizen, J.F., 1977. Some aspects of seed germination in vegetables. II. The effect of temperature fluctuation, depth of sowing, seed size and cultivar on heat sum and minimum temperature for germination. Scientia Horticulturae, 6: 259-270.
  • Yeoung, Y.R., Wilson, D.O., Murray, G.A., 1996. Germination performance and loss of late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins during muskmelon seed priming. Seed Science and Technology, 24: 429-441.
  • Zheng, G.H., Wilen, R.W., Slinkard, A.E., Gusta, L.V., 1994. Enhancement of canola seed germination and seedling emergence at low temperature by priming. Crop Science, 34: 1589-1593.
Toplam 81 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil tr;en
Bölüm DERLEMELER
Yazarlar

Erdal Elkoca

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Ocak 2011
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2007 Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Elkoca, E. (2011). Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(1), 113-120.
AMA Elkoca E. Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. Ocak 2011;38(1):113-120.
Chicago Elkoca, Erdal. “Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 38, sy. 1 (Ocak 2011): 113-20.
EndNote Elkoca E (01 Ocak 2011) Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 38 1 113–120.
IEEE E. Elkoca, “Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 38, sy. 1, ss. 113–120, 2011.
ISNAD Elkoca, Erdal. “Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 38/1 (Ocak 2011), 113-120.
JAMA Elkoca E. Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011;38:113–120.
MLA Elkoca, Erdal. “Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 38, sy. 1, 2011, ss. 113-20.
Vancouver Elkoca E. Priming: Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2011;38(1):113-20.

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