Comparison of the Exercise Intensities of Small Sided Games Played with Different Grouping Methods in Basketball

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 145 - 154, 25.12.2017

Pelin Aksen-cengizhan Mehmet Gülü Gamze Erikoğlu-örer Ali Ahmet Doğan

Öz

The purpose of this
study was to compare the exercise intensities of small sided games played with
different grouping methods in basketball. Twenty-four male basketball players (_age=14.6±0.51 years, _bodyweight=70.24±12.57 kg, _height=176.3±4.11 cm) volunteered
to participate in the study. In the beginning, the body weight, body height,
body fat percentage and body mass index of the basketball players were
measured. Then their maximal oxygen capacities (VO_2max) were
determined after the 1^st day 20 m shuttle run and the players were
grouped according to their VO_2max results with an interval of 48
hours to play 3x3 and 4x4 small sided games. On the 3^rd day 3x3, on
the 5^th day 4x4 half court (14x15 m) small sided games each for 10
minutes were played. During the game, the players’ heart rates (HR) were
followed with a Polar watch and within 2 minutes after the game the players’
lactic acid (LA) level was measured with the arterial blood taken from their
earlobes. After the game, the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded
with the Borg Scale. The differences between the rest and maximal HR, LA and
RPE between group 3x3 and 4x4
small sided games were compared with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. According to
the results of the analysis, in the 3x3 small sided games, HR_rest
was 84.10±7.77 beat/min, HR_max was 184.40±12.89
beat/min, LA_rest was 1.45±0.46 mmol/L, LA_max was
4.55±2.20 mmol/L and RPE was 11.60±2.17; in the 4x4 small sided games, HR_rest
was 81.00±11.46 beat/min, HR_max was 188.10±10.35 beat/min, LA_rest
was 2.25±0.66 mmol/L, LA_max was 4.39±1.68 mmol/L and RPE was 11.10±1.60.  A statistically significant difference was not
found between HR, LA and RPE in the 3x3 and 4x4 small sided games (p>0.05). As a result, the physiological
reactions given to the 3x3 and 4x4 small sided games in basketball display
similarities. Although these kinds of small sided games do not create different
adaptations in terms of exercise intensity, it is considered that they will
provide adaptations technically. For the future studies planned, different game
times can be considered, the players’ number of meeting with the ball can be
decreased or groupings can be done with players who have similar technical
skills and the physiological results can be evaluated again.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Heart Rate, Lactic Acid, Basketball, Rate of Perceived Exertion, VO2max

Basketbolda Farklı Gruplama Yöntemleriyle Oynanan Dar Alan Oyunlarının Egzersiz Şiddetlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Bu araştırma basketbolda farklı gruplama
yöntemleriyle oynanan dar alan oyunlarının egzersiz şiddetlerini karşılaştırmak
amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 24 erkek basketbolcu (_yaş=14.6±0.51 yıl, _{vücutağırlığı}=70.24±12.57 kg, _boy=176.3±4.11 cm) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Başlangıçta sporcuların vücut
kompozisyonu hesaplanmış ardından 1.gün 20 m mekik koşusu uygulanarak
maksimal oksijen kapasiteleri (VO_2maks) tespit edilmiş, VO_2maks
sonuçlarına göre sporcular 48 saat arayla 3x3 ve 4x4 dar alan oyunu oynayacak
şekilde gruplandırılmıştır. 3.gün 3x3, 5.gün 4x4 yarı saha 10’ar dakika dar
alan oyunu oynatılmıştır. Oyun süresince kalp atım hızları (KAH) takip edilmiş,
oyun sonrası sporcuların kulak memesinden laktik asit (LA) ölçümü yapılmıştır. Maç sonrası Algılanan zorluk
derecesi (AZD) Borg Skalası yardımıyla kaydedilmiştir. 3x3 ve 4x4 dar alan
oyunlarının gruplar arası dinlenik ve maksimal KAH, LA ve AZD arasındaki
farklılıklar Wilcoxon Signed Rank testi ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Analiz
sonuçlarına göre 3x3 dar alan oyunlarında KAH_dinlenme 84.10±7.77
atım/dk, KAH_maks184.40±12.89 atım/dk, LA_dinlenme
1.45±0.46 mmol/L, LA_maks 4.55±2.20 mmol/L, AZD 11.60±2.17; 4x4 dar
alan oyunlarında KAH_dinlenme 81.00±11.46 atım/dk, KAH_maks188.10±10.35
atım/dk, LA_dinlenme 2.25±0.66 mmol/L, LA_maks 4.39±1.68
mmol/L, AZD 11.10±1.60 olarak bulunmuştur. 3x3 ve 4x4 dar alan oyunlarında KAH,
LA ve AZD arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır (p>0.05).
Sonuç olarak, basketbolda yarı sahada oynanan 3x3 ve 4x4 oynanan dar alan
oyunlarına verilen fizyolojik cevaplar benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu tarz dar
alan oyunları egzersiz şiddeti bakımından farklı adaptasyonlar yaratmasa da
teknik anlamda adaptasyonlar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Planlanacak
araştırmalar için farklı oyun süreleri, topla buluşma sayıları azaltılarak ya
da benzer teknik beceriye sahip kişilerden oluşan gruplandırmalar yapılarak
fizyolojik cevaplar tekrar değerlendirilebilir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Algılanan Zorluk Derecesi, Basketbol, Kalp Atım Hızı, Laktik Asit, VO2maks

Kaynakça

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