Klorzoksazonun antibakteriyel etkisinin belirlenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 44 Sayı: 2, 653 - 658, 30.06.2019

Mostafa Norizadeh Tazehkand Mehmet Bertan Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.459036

Öz

Amaç: Antibiyotik olmayan ilaçların
bazıları, rutin kullanımlarında bakteri gelişimine karşı inhibisyon etki
sağlayabilirler. Klorzoksazon, kas spazmı ve bununla birlikte ortaya çıkan
ağrıyı tedavi etmek için kullanılan kas gevşetici ilaçtır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Klorzoksazon
‘un antibakteriyel etkilerinin MİK (minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon), MBK (minimum
bakterisid konsantrasyon) ve disk difüzyon metodu ile incelenmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Klorzoksazon’a karşı MİK ve MBK
değerlerin belirlenmesi 2 farklı bakteri suşunda (gram negatif bakteri suşu
olarak Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve gram pozitif bakteri suşu olarak Bacillus
subtilis) seyreltmesi yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. Disk difüzyon testi
ise üç farklı konsantrasyon (25, 50 ve 100 μg)’da yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Klorzoksazon’un Pseudomonas
aeruginosa'ya karşı MİK değeri 800 mg mL-1, MBK değerleri ise
2.56 mg mL-1 ve Klorzoksazon 'un Bacillus subtilis'e karşı MİK
değerleri 0.400 mg mL-1, MBK değeri ise 1.92 mg mL-1 olarak
belirlenmiştir. Disk difüzyon deneyinden elde edilen sonuçlar Klorzoksazon’un Pseudomonas
aeruginosa ve Bacillus subtilis üzerinde antibakteriyel etkisinin
olmadığı sonuçlanmıştır.

Sonuç: Klorzoksazon’un antibakteriyel
aktivitesinin olmamasına rağmen Klorzoksazon’un muhtemel riskini belirlemek
için başka çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antibakteriyel etki, Bacillus subtilis, Klorzoksazon, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Evaluation of antibacterial effects of chlorzoxazone

Öz

Purpose: Some of non-antibiotic drugs may provide inhibition against bacterial growth in their routine use. Chlorzoxazone is a muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasm and the resulting pain or discomfort. This study was aimed to the investigation of antibacterial effects of Chlorzoxazone using MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration), MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) and disk diffusion method. 

Materials and Methods: The MIC and MBC was determined by dilution assay using different concentrations of Chlorzoxazone against 2 bacterial strain (Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a gram negative bacterial strain and Bacillus subtilis as a gram positive bacterial strain). Disk diffusion assay were prepared at different doses (25, 50 and 100 µg). 

Results: MIC values of Chlorzoxazone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 0.800 mg ml-1, and MBC values was 2.56 mg ml-1 and  MIC values of Chlorzoxazone against Bacillus subtilis was 0.400 mg ml-1, and MBC values was 1.92 mg ml-1. The results obtained from disk diffusion assay supported that the Chlorzoxazone has not antibacterial effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. 

Conclusion: Although antibacterial activity of Chlorzoxazone was not found but another studies are needed to determine the probable risk of Chlorzoxazone.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antibacterial effect, Bacillus subtilis, chlorzoxazone

Kaynakça

• Ali Abdul Hussein S, AL-Janabi 2010. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of buprofen and Acetaminophen. JGID, 2(2): 105–108.
• Aybaba, Ç 2010. Asemetasin ve klorzoksazon’ un farmasötik preparatlarda aynı anda miktar tayinleri. Ankara üniversitesi sağlık bilimleri enstitüsü. (Basılmamış) Yüksek lisans Tezi, 146s.
• Berghot MA, Moawad EB 2003. Convergent synthesis and antibacterial activity of pyrazole and pyrazoline derivatives of diazepam. EUFEPS, 20(2):173-9.Bılgehan H 1992. Klinik Mikrobiyolojik Tanı, 1. Baskı. Barış Yayınları Fakülteler kitabevi, İstanbul, 484-485.
• Büyükkoçak Ü , Koç F , Göçmen Js , Çağlayan O , Aykaç E 2010. Investigation of In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Suxamethonium Chloride and Rocuronium Bromide. KÜTFD, 13(1).
• Chapın, KC, Lauderdale TL 2007. Reagents, stains, and media: bacteriology. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 334-364.
• Clarke E G C, Moffat A C 1986. Clarkes isolatıon and identifıcation of drugs, 2th Edition A. C Noffat, London, England, 1223p.
• Delitheos A, Kefalas S, Kokkinou T, Varonos D 1982. Antibacterial properties of several drug categories. Experientia, 38, (11): 1346–1348.
• Dorantes L, Colmenero R, Hernandez H, Mota L, Jaramıllo ME, Fernandez E, Solano C 2000. Inhibition of growth of some foodborne pathogenic bacteria by Capsicum annum extracts. Int J Food Microbiol, 57(1): 125-128.
• Feil K, Claaßen J, Bardins S, Teufel J, Krafczyk S, Schneider E, et al 2013. Effect of chlorzoxazone in patients with downbeat nystagmus: a pilot trial. Neurology, 24;81(13):1152-8.
• Frıtze D, Pukall R 2001. Reclassification of bioindicator strains Bacillus subtilis DSM 675 and Bacillus subtilis DSM 2277 as Bacillus atrophaeus. IJSB, 51: 35-37.
• Gocmen S, Buyukkocak U, Caglayan O 2008. In vitro investigation of the antibacterial effect of ketamine. Ups J Med Sci, 113: 9-21.
• Hamilton, R 2015. Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia. Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition 16th Edition. Frankfurt, Germany, 465p.
• http://www.spazm.gen.tr/sirt-kas-spazmi.html. (Erişim tarihi: 15 Aralık, 2009).http://www.spazm.gen.tr/bel-tutulmasi-kas-spazmi.html. (Erişim tarihi: 15 Aralık, 2009).Johnston W H, Karchesy JJ, Constantıne G H, Craıg A M. Antimicrobial activity of some Pacific Northwest woods against anaerobic bacteria and yeast. PTR 2001;15(7): 586-8.Marsh DF 1959. Patent U 2, 895, 877.Martındale2005. 34th Edition, Sean C. Sweetma, London: England, 4142 p.Novak J, Zıtterl‐Eglseer K, Dean, SG, Franz CM 2001. Essential oils of different cultivars of Cannabissativa L. and their antimicrobial activity. Flavour Fragr J, 16(4): 259-262.Park J, Kim K, Park P, Ha J 2006. Effect of high-dose aspirin on CYP2E1 activity in healthy subjects measured using chlorzoxazone as a probe. ACCP, 46 (1): 109–14.
• Parr AM, Zoutman DE, Davidson JS 1999. Antimicrobial activity of lidocaine against bacteria associated with nosocomial wound infection. Ann Plast Surg, 43(3):239-45.
• Roberge RJ, Atchley B, Ryan K, Krenzelok EP 1998. Two chlorzoxazone (Parafon forte) overdoses and coma in one patient: reversal with flumazenil. Am J Emerg Med, 16(4):393-5.
• Tang P, Li S, Wang L, Yang H, Yan J, Li H 2015. Inclusion complexes of chlorzoxazone with β- and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: Characterization, dissolution, and cytotoxicity. Carbohydr Polym, 20; 297-305.
• Wan J, Ernstgard L, Song B, Shoaf S 2006. Chlorzoxazone metabolism is increased in fasted Sprague-Dawley rats. J Pharm Pharmacol, 58 (1): 51–61.
• Wöllner J, Schmidig K, Gregorini F, Kessler TM, Zbinden R, Mehnert U 2012. Is there a direct antimicrobial effect of botulinum neurotoxin type A?. BJUI, 110(11):90.
• Yıldırım A, Mavi A, Karat AA 2003. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Polygonum cognatum Meissn extracts. J Sci Food Agric, 83(1): 64-69.