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DESTİNASYON SEÇİM SÜRECİNDE ETKİNLİKLERİN ÖNEMİ: GELİBOLU YARIMADASI ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 34 - 65, 26.12.2018

Öz

Destinasyonlar arasındaki rekabetin artması nedeniyle gelen turistin devamlılığının sağlanması ve turistlerce aranan bir destinasyon olmasının sağlanmasında dikkat çekici farklılıklar ortaya koymak için destinasyonlar çeşitli etkinlikler düzenlemektedirler. Anma etkinlikleri de destinasyonların gelişiminde ve çekiciliğinin arttırılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Çanakkale Savaşları’yla ilgili düzenlenen 18 Mart Çanakkale Deniz Zaferi ve Şehitleri Anma Günü, Anzak Günü ve diğer etkinliklerin destinasyon seçimindeki etkisinin incelendiği bu çalışmanın amacı, Gelibolu Yarımada’sını ziyaret edenlerin seyahat motivasyonlarının belirlenmesi ve destinasyon seçiminde etkili faktörler içinde etkinliklerin etkisini belirlemektir. Bu amaca yönelik kavramsal model oluşturulmuş ve oluşturulan modele ait hipotezler t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, yapısal eşitlik modeli ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma için kullanılan veriler Gelibolu Yarımadası’nı ziyaret eden 480 ziyaretçiden toplanmıştır. Yapılan analizlerin sonucunda Gelibolu Yarımadası’nı ziyaret etmenin kişilerin hayatında önemli bir yere sahip olduğu, kültürel deneyim ve milli manevi duyguların yanı sıra etkinliklerinde ziyaret motivasyonu olarak önemli bir motivasyon unsuru olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Ağaoğlu, Y. S. (2012). Visiting Gallipoli Peninsula: Perception of Australian and New Zealand Visitors Towards Anzac Day in Turkey, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Elektronik Dergisi, (6), 212-218.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. & Yıldırım, E. (2007). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Anil, N. K. (2012). Festival Visitors’ Satisfaction and Loyalty: An Example of Small, Local, and Municipality Organized Festival, Tourism, 60 (3), 255-271.
  • Anwar, S. A. & Sohail, M. S. (2004). Festival tourism in the United Arab Emirates: First-time Versus Repeat Visitor Perceptions, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10(2), 161-170.
  • Axelsen, M. (2006). Using Special Events to Motivate Visitors to Attend Art Galleries, Museum Management and Curatorship, 21 (3), 205-221.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş ve AMOS Uygulamaları, Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi.
  • Bieger, T. (1998). Reengineering Destination Marketing Organisations: The Case of Switzerland, The Tourist Review, 53(3), 4-17.
  • Bollen, K. A. & Curran, P. J. (2006). Latent Curve Model A Structural Equation Model, New Jersey: John Wiley&Sosns Inc.
  • Brennan, M. & Esslemont, D. (1994). The Accuracy of the Juster Scale for Predicting Purchase Rates of Branded, Fast-Moving Consumer Goods, Marketing Bulletin, 5(5), 47-52.
  • Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing the Competitive Destination of the Future, Tourism Management, 21(1), 97-116.
  • Cheal, F. & Griffin, T. (2013), Pilgrims andPpatriots: Australian Tourist Experiences at Gallipoli, International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3), 227-241.
  • Coltman, M. M. (1989). Tourism Marketing, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Correia, A., do Valle, P. O. & Moço, C. (2007). Modeling Motivations and Perceptions of PortugueseTtourists, Journal of Business Research, 60(1), 76-80.
  • Crompton, J. L. (1979). Motivations for Pleasure Vacation, Annals of Tourism Research, 6(4), 408-424.
  • Crompton, J. L. & McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of Visitors Attending Festival Events, Annals of Tourism Research, 24(2), 425-439.
  • Çanakkale Destanı Tanıtım Merkezi Kitapçığı. (2012). Ankara.
  • Çatalca, H. & Yurtseven, H. R. (2003). Understanding New Anzacs: A Managerial Perspective, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14(2), 127-141.
  • Dann, G. M. (1977). Anomie, Ego-enhancement and Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4(4), 184-194.
  • Dodd, T., Yuan, J., Adams, C. & Kolyesnikova, N. (2006) Motivations of Young People for Visiting Wine Festivals. Event Management, 10(1), 23-33.
  • Getz, D. (2008). Event Tourism: Definition, Evolution and Research, Tourism Management, 29 (3), 403-428.
  • Getz, D. (1997). Event Management & Event Tourism, New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation.
  • Getz, D., Anderson, D. & Sheehan, L. (1998) Roles, Issues, and Strategies for Convention and Visitors' Bureaux in Destination Planning and Product Development: a Survey of Canadian Bureaux, Tourism Management, 19(4), 331-340.
  • Frisby, W. & Getz, D. (1989). Festival Management: A Case Study Perspective, Journal of Travel Research, 28(1), 7-11.
  • Goldblatt, J. (2008). Special Events: Event Leadership for a New World, New Jersey: John Wiley& Sons Inc.
  • Hall, J., Lockstone, L., Basarin, J. & Shaw, R. (2008). Battlefield Tourism in Turkey: An Empirical Analysis of British Ex-Colonial Event Attendance, Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Conference, The Robert Gordon University, 1-8.
  • Hall, J., Basarin, V. J. & Lockstone-Binney, L. (2010). An Empirical Analysis Of Attendance at a Commemorative Event: Anzac Day at Gallipoli”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, (29), 245–253.
  • Hall, J., Basarin, V. J. & Lockstone-Binney, L. (2011), Pre- and Posttrip Factors Influencing The Visitor Experıence at a Battlefield Commemorative Event: Gallipoli, a Case Study, Tourism Analysis, (16), 419–429.
  • Huang, S. & Hsu, C. H. (2009), Effects of Travel Motivation, Past Experience, Perceived Constraint, and Attitude on Revisit Intention, Journal of Travel Research, (48), 29-44.
  • Jago, L. K., Deery, M. & Sherwood, P. (2005). Unlocking the Triple Bottom Line of Special Event Evaluations: What Are the Key Impacts?, Proceedings of the International Event Management, Australian Centre for Event Management, 16-32.
  • Juster, F. T. (1964). Anticipation and Purchases: An Analysis of Consumer Behaviour, USA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Princeton.
  • Kim, K. & Uysal, M. (2003), Perceived Socio-Economic Impacts of Festivals and Events Among Organizers, Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 10 (3-4), 159-171.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Kolb, B. M. (2006). Tourism Marketing for Cities and Towns- Using Branding and Events to Attract Tourists, Amsterdam, Boston: Elsevier.
  • Kotler, P.; Bowen, J.T. & Makens, J. (2003), Marketing For Hospitality and Tourism, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Krippendorf, J. (1987). The Holiday Makers: Understanding the Impact of Leisure and Travel, Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
  • Kurnaz, H. A., Çeken, H. & Kılıç, B. (2013). Hüzün Turizmi Katılımcılarının Seyahat Motivasyonlarının Belirlenmesi, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5 (2), 57-73.
  • Lockstone-Binney, L., Hall, J. & Atay, L. (2013). Exploring the Conceptual Boundaries of Diaspora and Battlefield Tourism: Australians' Travel to the Gallipoli Battlefield, Turkey, as a Case Study, Tourism Analysis, 18(3), 297-311.
  • Liang, Y., Illum, S. F. & Cole, S. T. (2008). Benefits Received And Behavioural Intentions Of Festival Visitors In Relation To Distance Travelled And Their Origins, International Journal of Event Management Research, 4 (1), 12-23.
  • Oh, H. C., Uysal, M. & Weaver, P. A. (1995). Product Bundles And Market Segments Based On Travel Motivations: A Canonical Correlation Approach, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 14(2), 123-137.
  • Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket Programlar İle İstatistiksel Veri Analizi, Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Özdemir, G. & Çulha, O. (2009). Satisfaction and Loyalty of Festival Visitors”, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 20 (2), 359–373.
  • Özer, S. U., Ersoy, G. K. & Tüzünkan, D. (2012), Dark Tourism in Gallipoli: Forecast Analysis to Determine Potential of AustralianVisitors, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, (41), 86 – 393.
  • Prayag, G. & Hosany, S. (2014). When Middle East Meets West: Understanding the Motives and Perceptions of Young Tourists From United Arab Emirates, Tourism Management, (40), 35-45.
  • Saayman, M. (2011). Motives for Attending the Cultivaria Arts Festival”, South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 33(1), 109-120.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-fit Measures, Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
  • Schofield, P. & Thompson, K. (2007). Visitor motivation, satisfaction and behavioural intention: the 2005 Naadam Festival, Ulaanbaatar, International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(5), 329-344.
  • Shanka, T. & Alamiyo, G. (2012). Motivations to visit Events/Festivals: An Exploratory Investigation. In Proceedings of the Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy.
  • Slade, P. (2003). Gallipoli Thanatourism: The Meaning of ANZAC, Annals of Tourism Research, (30), 779–794.
  • Tassiopoulus, D. (2005). Event Management: A Professional and Developmental Approach, South Africa: Juta Academic.
  • Ural, A. & Kılıç, İ. (2005). Bilimsel Araştırma Süreci ve SPSS Veri Analizi, Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Uysal, M. & Jurowski, C. (1993). An Empirical Testing of the Push and Pull Factors of Tourist Motivations, Annals of Tourism Research, 21 (4), 844-846.
  • Uysal, M. & Li, X. (2008). Festival And Event Motivation Research: Critical Issue And Directions For Future Research, Cultural And Event Tourism: Issues & Debates, International Tourism Conference, 05-09 November, 10-24.
  • Weiler, B., Truong, M. & Griffiths, M. (2004). Visitor Profiles and Motivations for Visiting an Australian Wine Festival, Monash University: Department of Management Working Paper Serie.
  • Yeşildağ, B. & Atay, L. (2011). Savaş Alanları Turizmi: Gelibolu Yarımadasına Gelen Ziyaretçilere Yönelik Bir Çalışma, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(26), 267-280.
  • Ziino, B. (2006). Who owns Gallipoli? Australia’s Gallipoli Anxieties 1915-2005”, Journal of Australian Studies, (88), 1-12.

THE IMPORTANCE OF EVENTS ON DESTINATION CHOICE: GALLIPOLI PENINSULA SAMPLE

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 34 - 65, 26.12.2018

Öz

Competition in between the destinations, there are various events held by destinations to keep the tourists coming and to provide the destination to be a popular place for tourists. The commemorative events which are type of event have an important role on destination development and increase of attractiveness. The aim of this study is to identify the travel motivations and differences according to demographic variables, to identify the impact of events on destination choice and to prove test the model which describes the role of events. In this context it is examined the impact of events about the Canakkale Battle, such as 18th of March Canakkale Naval Battle Victory and Commemoration of Martyrs’ Day, Anzac Day and other events on destination choice. For this aim a research model including hypothesis is developed based on the literature review. Hypotheses are tested via t test, ANOVA and structural equation modelling. Data for this study was collected by questionnaires applied to Gallipoli Peninsula visitors. As a result of this analysis it is established that visiting Gallipoli Peninsula holds an important position at visitors’ lifetime. Besides cultural experiences and national and spiritual emotions, the events are also important visitation motivation among motivation factors.

Kaynakça

  • Ağaoğlu, Y. S. (2012). Visiting Gallipoli Peninsula: Perception of Australian and New Zealand Visitors Towards Anzac Day in Turkey, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Elektronik Dergisi, (6), 212-218.
  • Altunışık, R., Coşkun, R., Bayraktaroğlu, S. & Yıldırım, E. (2007). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Anil, N. K. (2012). Festival Visitors’ Satisfaction and Loyalty: An Example of Small, Local, and Municipality Organized Festival, Tourism, 60 (3), 255-271.
  • Anwar, S. A. & Sohail, M. S. (2004). Festival tourism in the United Arab Emirates: First-time Versus Repeat Visitor Perceptions, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10(2), 161-170.
  • Axelsen, M. (2006). Using Special Events to Motivate Visitors to Attend Art Galleries, Museum Management and Curatorship, 21 (3), 205-221.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş ve AMOS Uygulamaları, Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi.
  • Bieger, T. (1998). Reengineering Destination Marketing Organisations: The Case of Switzerland, The Tourist Review, 53(3), 4-17.
  • Bollen, K. A. & Curran, P. J. (2006). Latent Curve Model A Structural Equation Model, New Jersey: John Wiley&Sosns Inc.
  • Brennan, M. & Esslemont, D. (1994). The Accuracy of the Juster Scale for Predicting Purchase Rates of Branded, Fast-Moving Consumer Goods, Marketing Bulletin, 5(5), 47-52.
  • Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing the Competitive Destination of the Future, Tourism Management, 21(1), 97-116.
  • Cheal, F. & Griffin, T. (2013), Pilgrims andPpatriots: Australian Tourist Experiences at Gallipoli, International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(3), 227-241.
  • Coltman, M. M. (1989). Tourism Marketing, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Correia, A., do Valle, P. O. & Moço, C. (2007). Modeling Motivations and Perceptions of PortugueseTtourists, Journal of Business Research, 60(1), 76-80.
  • Crompton, J. L. (1979). Motivations for Pleasure Vacation, Annals of Tourism Research, 6(4), 408-424.
  • Crompton, J. L. & McKay, S. L. (1997). Motives of Visitors Attending Festival Events, Annals of Tourism Research, 24(2), 425-439.
  • Çanakkale Destanı Tanıtım Merkezi Kitapçığı. (2012). Ankara.
  • Çatalca, H. & Yurtseven, H. R. (2003). Understanding New Anzacs: A Managerial Perspective, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14(2), 127-141.
  • Dann, G. M. (1977). Anomie, Ego-enhancement and Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 4(4), 184-194.
  • Dodd, T., Yuan, J., Adams, C. & Kolyesnikova, N. (2006) Motivations of Young People for Visiting Wine Festivals. Event Management, 10(1), 23-33.
  • Getz, D. (2008). Event Tourism: Definition, Evolution and Research, Tourism Management, 29 (3), 403-428.
  • Getz, D. (1997). Event Management & Event Tourism, New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation.
  • Getz, D., Anderson, D. & Sheehan, L. (1998) Roles, Issues, and Strategies for Convention and Visitors' Bureaux in Destination Planning and Product Development: a Survey of Canadian Bureaux, Tourism Management, 19(4), 331-340.
  • Frisby, W. & Getz, D. (1989). Festival Management: A Case Study Perspective, Journal of Travel Research, 28(1), 7-11.
  • Goldblatt, J. (2008). Special Events: Event Leadership for a New World, New Jersey: John Wiley& Sons Inc.
  • Hall, J., Lockstone, L., Basarin, J. & Shaw, R. (2008). Battlefield Tourism in Turkey: An Empirical Analysis of British Ex-Colonial Event Attendance, Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Conference, The Robert Gordon University, 1-8.
  • Hall, J., Basarin, V. J. & Lockstone-Binney, L. (2010). An Empirical Analysis Of Attendance at a Commemorative Event: Anzac Day at Gallipoli”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, (29), 245–253.
  • Hall, J., Basarin, V. J. & Lockstone-Binney, L. (2011), Pre- and Posttrip Factors Influencing The Visitor Experıence at a Battlefield Commemorative Event: Gallipoli, a Case Study, Tourism Analysis, (16), 419–429.
  • Huang, S. & Hsu, C. H. (2009), Effects of Travel Motivation, Past Experience, Perceived Constraint, and Attitude on Revisit Intention, Journal of Travel Research, (48), 29-44.
  • Jago, L. K., Deery, M. & Sherwood, P. (2005). Unlocking the Triple Bottom Line of Special Event Evaluations: What Are the Key Impacts?, Proceedings of the International Event Management, Australian Centre for Event Management, 16-32.
  • Juster, F. T. (1964). Anticipation and Purchases: An Analysis of Consumer Behaviour, USA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Princeton.
  • Kim, K. & Uysal, M. (2003), Perceived Socio-Economic Impacts of Festivals and Events Among Organizers, Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 10 (3-4), 159-171.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Kolb, B. M. (2006). Tourism Marketing for Cities and Towns- Using Branding and Events to Attract Tourists, Amsterdam, Boston: Elsevier.
  • Kotler, P.; Bowen, J.T. & Makens, J. (2003), Marketing For Hospitality and Tourism, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Krippendorf, J. (1987). The Holiday Makers: Understanding the Impact of Leisure and Travel, Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
  • Kurnaz, H. A., Çeken, H. & Kılıç, B. (2013). Hüzün Turizmi Katılımcılarının Seyahat Motivasyonlarının Belirlenmesi, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5 (2), 57-73.
  • Lockstone-Binney, L., Hall, J. & Atay, L. (2013). Exploring the Conceptual Boundaries of Diaspora and Battlefield Tourism: Australians' Travel to the Gallipoli Battlefield, Turkey, as a Case Study, Tourism Analysis, 18(3), 297-311.
  • Liang, Y., Illum, S. F. & Cole, S. T. (2008). Benefits Received And Behavioural Intentions Of Festival Visitors In Relation To Distance Travelled And Their Origins, International Journal of Event Management Research, 4 (1), 12-23.
  • Oh, H. C., Uysal, M. & Weaver, P. A. (1995). Product Bundles And Market Segments Based On Travel Motivations: A Canonical Correlation Approach, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 14(2), 123-137.
  • Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket Programlar İle İstatistiksel Veri Analizi, Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Özdemir, G. & Çulha, O. (2009). Satisfaction and Loyalty of Festival Visitors”, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 20 (2), 359–373.
  • Özer, S. U., Ersoy, G. K. & Tüzünkan, D. (2012), Dark Tourism in Gallipoli: Forecast Analysis to Determine Potential of AustralianVisitors, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, (41), 86 – 393.
  • Prayag, G. & Hosany, S. (2014). When Middle East Meets West: Understanding the Motives and Perceptions of Young Tourists From United Arab Emirates, Tourism Management, (40), 35-45.
  • Saayman, M. (2011). Motives for Attending the Cultivaria Arts Festival”, South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 33(1), 109-120.
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-fit Measures, Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
  • Schofield, P. & Thompson, K. (2007). Visitor motivation, satisfaction and behavioural intention: the 2005 Naadam Festival, Ulaanbaatar, International Journal of Tourism Research, 9(5), 329-344.
  • Shanka, T. & Alamiyo, G. (2012). Motivations to visit Events/Festivals: An Exploratory Investigation. In Proceedings of the Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy.
  • Slade, P. (2003). Gallipoli Thanatourism: The Meaning of ANZAC, Annals of Tourism Research, (30), 779–794.
  • Tassiopoulus, D. (2005). Event Management: A Professional and Developmental Approach, South Africa: Juta Academic.
  • Ural, A. & Kılıç, İ. (2005). Bilimsel Araştırma Süreci ve SPSS Veri Analizi, Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Uysal, M. & Jurowski, C. (1993). An Empirical Testing of the Push and Pull Factors of Tourist Motivations, Annals of Tourism Research, 21 (4), 844-846.
  • Uysal, M. & Li, X. (2008). Festival And Event Motivation Research: Critical Issue And Directions For Future Research, Cultural And Event Tourism: Issues & Debates, International Tourism Conference, 05-09 November, 10-24.
  • Weiler, B., Truong, M. & Griffiths, M. (2004). Visitor Profiles and Motivations for Visiting an Australian Wine Festival, Monash University: Department of Management Working Paper Serie.
  • Yeşildağ, B. & Atay, L. (2011). Savaş Alanları Turizmi: Gelibolu Yarımadasına Gelen Ziyaretçilere Yönelik Bir Çalışma, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(26), 267-280.
  • Ziino, B. (2006). Who owns Gallipoli? Australia’s Gallipoli Anxieties 1915-2005”, Journal of Australian Studies, (88), 1-12.
Toplam 55 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hacı Mehmet Yıldırım 0000-0003-0718-7296

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldırım, H. M. (2018). DESTİNASYON SEÇİM SÜRECİNDE ETKİNLİKLERİN ÖNEMİ: GELİBOLU YARIMADASI ÖRNEĞİ. Düzce Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(2), 34-65.