TY - JOUR T1 - Psychometric Properties of Academic Dishonesty Tendency Scale for Graduate Students and Investigating Academic Dishonesty Tendency Levels with CHAID Analysis AU - Eminoğlu Özmercan, Esra AU - Polat, Betül AU - Nartgün, Zekeriya PY - 2022 DA - March Y2 - 2022 DO - 10.21031/epod.1022731 JF - Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology JO - JMEEP PB - Association for Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology WT - DergiPark SN - 1309-6575 SP - 86 EP - 104 VL - 13 IS - 1 LA - en AB - The number of unethical academic dishonesty behaviours is increasing with each day in higher education. Thus, it is important to determine the level of the behaviour of academic dishonesty in the education system, the tendencies of students to perform this behaviour, and the individuals who have a tendency to show this behaviour in advance. The research has two different aims. The first one is to determine the psychometric properties of the Academic Dishonesty Tendency Scale (ADTS) originally developed for undergraduate students, not for graduate students. The second aim is to investigate the variables that best explain the academic dishonesty tendency levels of the students who continue their graduate education by using the CHAID analysis method. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that the Academic Dishonesty Tendency Scale is also a valid and reliable measurement tool for graduate students. The only significant variable explaining the students’ Tendency Towards Cheating was found to be the level of graduate education. It was also determined that the most important variable affecting the “dishonesty tendency at studies as homework, project, etc.–common” is the level of graduate education. The only significant variable explaining the “dishonesty tendency at research and process of write up” was found to be the reason for receiving graduate education. The most significant variable explaining the “dishonesty tendency towards reference” of the students was found to be the level of graduate education. It was determined that the most significant variable explaining the Academic Dishonesty Tendency of the students is the level of graduate education. KW - Academic dishonesty KW - CHAID analysis KW - graduate education CR - Adıbatmaz, M., & Kurnaz, F. B. (2017). Karabük Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin kopya çekme tutumlarının incelenmesi [Examination of cheating attitudes of students in the Vocational School of Health Sciences in Karabük University]. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17 (3), 1061-1078. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2017.17.31178-338807 CR - Akbaşlı, S., Erçetin, Ş. Ş., & Kubilay, S. (2019). Relationship between prospective teachers’ deontic justice attitudes and academic dishonesty tendencies. South African Journal of Education, 39(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v39n3a1622 CR - Akdağ, M., & Güneş, H. (2002). Kopya çekme davranışları ve kopya çekmeye ilişkin tutumlar [Cheating behaviors and attitudes toward cheating]. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 31(31), 330-334. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kuey/issue/10366/126879 CR - Alkan, Ş. (2008). İlköğretim ikinci kademe ile ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin ve öğretmenlerinin kopya çekmeye ilişkin görüşleri [The view of the students and the teachers about cheating in the second level of the primary education and secondary education] (Thesis No. 221680) [Unpublished master thesis, Fırat Üniversity]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ CR - Aluede, O., Omoregie, E. O., & Osa-Edoh, G. I. (2006). Academic dishonesty as a contemporary problem in higher education: How academic advisers can help. Reading Improvement, 43(2), 97-106. https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA148856041&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=00340510&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E103957e8 CR - Aydın, S., & Güllü, M. (2021). Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenliği bölümü öğrencilerinin kopya çekmeye yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi: Bir karma yöntem araştırması [Investigation of attitudes of physical education and sports education department students towards cheating: A mixed methods research]. International Sport Sciences Student Studies Journal, 3(2), 1-9. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/i4s/issue/67772/1039339 CR - Ayoub/Al-Salim, M. I., & Aladwan, K. (2021). The relationship between academic integrity of online university students and its effects on academic performance and learning quality. Journal of Ethics, Entrepreneurship and Technology, 1(1), 43-60. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEET-02-2021-0009 CR - Baran L., & Jonason, P. K. (2020). Academic dishonesty among university students: The roles of the psychopathy, motivation, and self-efficacy. PLoS ONE 15(8), Article e0238141. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238141 CR - Barın, M., Han, T., & Aybirdi, N. (2018). An investigation on Turkish EFL majoring students’ unethical behaviors. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(5), 1785-1792. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3185 CR - Bateman, C. R., & Valentine, S. R. (2010). Investigating the effects of gender on consumers’ moral philosophies and ethical intentions. Journal of Business Ethics, 95, 393-414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0386-4 CR - Belet Boyacı, Ş. D., Babadağ, G., & Güner, M. (2017). Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının sahip oldukları temel değerler ile akademik sahtekârlık eğilimlerinin incelenmesi [Examination of basic values and academic dishonesty tendencies of pre-service elementary teachers]. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(4), 1762-1793. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2017.17.32772-363965 CR - Blachnio, A., Cudo, A., Kot, P., Torój, M., Asante, K. O., Enea, V., Ben-Ezra, M., Caci, B., Dominguez-Lara, S. A., Kugbey, N., Malik, S., Servidio, R., Tipandjan, A., & Wright, M. F. (2021). Cultural and psychological variables predicting academic dishonesty: A cross-sectional study in nine countries. Ethics & Behavior, 32(1), 44-89. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2021.1910826 CR - Brown, T., Bourke-Taylor, H., Isbel, S., Gustafsson, L., McKinstry, C., Logan, A., & Etherington, J. (2019). Establishing similarities and differences among the self-reported academic integrity of Australian occupational therapy undergraduate and graduate-entry master’s students. The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy, 7(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.15453/2168-6408.1558 CR - Brown, T., Isbel, S., Logan, A., & Etherington, J. (2019). Predictors of academic honesty and success in domestic and international occupational therapy students. Irish Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47(1), 18-41. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOT-12-2018-0022 CR - Brown, T., Isbel, S., Logan, A., & Etherington, J. (2020). Predictors of academic integrity in undergraduate and graduate-entry masters occupational therapy students. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, 32(2). 42-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1569186120968035 CR - Burns, S. R., Davis, S. F., Hoshino, J., & Miller, R. L. (1998). Academic dishonesty: A delineation of cross-cultural patterns. College Student Journal, 32(4), 590-596. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228289022_A_Cross-Cultural_Analysis_of_Academic_Dishonesty_in_High_School_Economics_Classrooms CR - Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods]. Pegem. CR - Çenberci, S. (2018). Investigation of the effectiveness of scientific research methods course in terms of academic dishonesty tendencies. Universal Journal of Educational Research 6(11): 2453-2460 https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.061108 CR - Çetin, Ş. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinin kopya çekme davranışlarının farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi [Examining the cheating behaviors of university students in terms of different variables]. Millî Eğitim Dergisi, 175, 129-142. http://genclikbirikimi.org/kunye-4932-universite-ogrencilerinin-kopya-cekme-davranislarinin-farkli-degiskenler-acisindan-incelenmesi-makale CR - Chow, H. P. H., Jurdi-Hage, R., & Hage, H. S. (2021). Justifying academic dishonesty: A survey of Canadian university students. International Journal of Academic Research in Education, 7(1), 16-28 https://doi.org/10.17985/ijare.951714 CR - Coate, C. J., & Frey, K. J. (2000). Some evidence on the ethical disposition of accounting students: Context and gender implications. Teaching Business Ethics, 4(4), 379-404. https://www.proquest.com/docview/211842981?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true CR - Dağaşan, A., Durmuş, M., Saka, T., & Saka, E. (2017). Examination of plagiarism tendency of faculty of education students. Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi - Journal of Educational Sciences Research, 7(2), 1-14. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/697604 CR - Dam, H. (2013). Örgün din eğitiminde kopya sorunu [The cheating problem at the formal religious education institutions]. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(34), 71-108. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/188405 CR - Demir, M. K., & Arcagök, S. (2013). Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının sınavlarda kopya çekilmesine ilişkin görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesi [Primary schoool teacher canditates’ opinions on cheating in exams]. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 148-165. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/erziefd/issue/6010/80121 CR - Diepen, V. M., & Franses, H. F. (2006). Evaluating chi-squared automatic interaction detection. Information Systems, 31(8), 814-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2005.03.002 CR - Doğan, V., & Özdamar, K. (2003). CHAID analizi ve aile planlaması ile ilgili bir uygulama [CHAID analysis and an application related with family planning]. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(5), 392-397. https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/tr-chaid-analizi-ve-aile-planlamasi-ileilgilibir-uygulama-3752.html CR - Duran, A. (2020). Kopya çekme eğilimleri ile akademik başarı, akademik özyeterlik ve akademik ertelemecilik arasındaki ilişkiler [Relations between cheating tendency and academic achievement, academic self efficacy and academic procrastination] (Thesis No. 609962) [Unpublished master thesis, Ankara University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ CR - Eminoğlu, E. (2008). Üniversite öğrencilerinin akademik sahtekarlık eğilimlerinin ölçülmesine yönelik bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması [A scale development study to measure academic dishonesty tendency of university students] (Thesis No. 221561) [Unpublished master thesis, Abant İzzet Baysal University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ CR - Eminoğlu-Küçüktepe, S. E., & Küçüktepe, C. (2012). Tarih öğretmeni adaylarının kopya çekme eğilimlerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi [Examining the cheating tendencies of history teacher candidates in terms of various variables]. Hasan Ali Yücel Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(1), 115-125. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/93149 CR - Eriksson, L., & McGee, T. R. (2015). Academic dishonesty amongst Australian criminal justice and policing university students: Individual and contextual factors. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 11(1), 1-15. https://edintegrity.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s40979-015-0005-3 CR - Ersoy, A., & Özden, M. (2011). Öğretmen adaylarının ödevlerinde internetten intihal yapmalarında öğretim elemanının rolüne ilişkin görüşleri [The views of teacher candidates regarding the role of instructor in plagiarizing from Internet in their assignments]. İlköğretim Online, 10(2), 608-619. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ilkonline/issue/8592/106825 CR - Gümüşgül, O., Üstün, Ü. D., Işık, U., & Demirel, D. H. (2013). Beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin akademik sahtekârlık eğilim düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of academic dishonesty level of students studying at school of physical education and sports]. Ankara Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, 11 (2), 131-138. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000246 CR - Hadjar, I. (2019). To cheat or not to cheat? Sex differences and academic performance as factors of cheating behavior. Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender, 14(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v14i1.4071 CR - Hair, J. F., Celsi, M., Money, A. Samouel, P., & Page, M. (2016). The essentials of business research methods. Routlege. CR - Hançer, A. H. (2017). Fen Bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik tutumlarının akademik sahtekârlık eğilimleri üzerindeki etkisi. TURKISH STUDIES -International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic-, 12(6), 387-402. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.11418 CR - Hensley, L.C., Kirkpatrick, K. M., & Burgoon, J. M. (2013). Relation of gender, course enrollment, and grades to distinct forms of academic dishonesty. Teaching in Higher Education, 18(8), 895-907. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2013.827641 CR - Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) Cut-off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118 CR - Jensen, L. A., Arnett, J. J., Feldman, S. S., & Cauffman, E. (2002). It’s wrong, but everybody does it: Academic dishonesty among high school and college students. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27(2), 209-228. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.2001.1088 CR - Kadı, A., Beytekin, O. F., & Arslan, H. (2016). Academic dishonesty tendencies and values of teacher candidates. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 6(3), 396-401. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1711645 CR - Karasar, N. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi [Scientific research method]. Nobel Publications. CR - Kaymakcan, R. (2002). İlahiyat öğrencilerinin kopya çekmeye karşı yaklaşımları [The faculty of theology students’ approaches to cheating]. Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5, 121-138. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/192079 CR - Kayri, M., & Boysan, M. (2007). Using Chaid Analysis in researches and an application pertaining to coping strategies. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences (JFES), 40(2),133-149. https://doi.org/10.1501/Egifak_0000000182 CR - Keçeci, A., Bulduk, S., Oruç, D., & Çelik, S. (2011). Academic dishonesty among nursing students: A descriptive study. Nursing Ethics, 18(5), 725-733. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733011408042 CR - Kıral, B., & Saracaloğlu, S. (2018). Akademik sahtekârlık eğilimi ile olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between academic dishonesty tendency and fear of negative evaluation]. YYÜ Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (YYU Journal of Education Faculty), 15(1), 323-359, https://doi.org/10.23891/efdyyu.2018.71 CR - Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practise of structural equation modeling. The Guilford Press. CR - Koç, S. (2018). Üniversite öğrencilerinin kopya çekmeye yönelik eğilimleri ve planlanmış davranış teorisi bağlamında kopya çekme davranışına yönelik model sınaması [University students’ tendency toward cheating and model examination for cheating behavior in the context of planned behavior theory] (Thesis No. 494283) [Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ CR - Kocaman-Karoğlu, A., & Bakar-Çörez, A. (2020). Üniversite öğrencilerinin bilişötesi öğrenme stratejileri ile akademik e-usulsüzlük yapma durumları arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between metacognitive learning strategies and academic e-dishonesty of university students]. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Eğitim Dergisi, 3(2), 78-96. http://doi.org/10.33400/kuje.809323 CR - Korn, L., & Davidovitch, N. (2016). The profile of academic offenders: Features of students who admit to academic dishonesty. Medical Science Monitor, 22, 3043-3055. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.898810 CR - Köse, İ. A., & Öztemur, B. (2013). Ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin kopya çekme davranışı ile ilgili tutumlarının incelenmesi [Investigation of high school students’ cheating behaviour attitudes]. Journal of Research in Education and Teaching, 2(3), 133-142. http://www.jret.org/FileUpload/ks281142/File/17b.kose.pdf CR - Lin, C-H. S., & Wen, L. Y. M. (2007). Academic dishonesty in higher education: A nationwide study in Taiwan. Higher Education, 54(1), 85-97. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10734-006-9047-z CR - Mccabe, D. L., & Trevino, L. K. (1997). Individual and contextual influences on academic dishonesty: A multicampus investigation. Research in Higher Education, 38(3), 379-396. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024954224675 CR - Nonis, S. A., & Swift, C. O. (1998). Deterring cheating behavior in the marketing classroom: An analysis of the effects of demographics, attitudes, and in-class deterrent strategies. Journal of Marketing Education, 20(3), 188-199. https://doi.org/10.1177/027347539802000302 CR - Novianti, N. (2022). Integrity, religiosity, gender: Factors preventing on academic fraud. Asia Pacific Fraud Journal. 6(2). 321-331. https://doi.org/10.21532/apfjournal.v6i2.234 CR - Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. McGraw-Hill. CR - Ömür, Y. E., Aydın, R., & Argon, T. (2014). Olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu ve akademik sahtekârlık [Relationship between prospective teachers’ fear of negative evaluation and their academic dishonesty tendencies]. Eğitim ve İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 5(9), 131-149. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/210499 CR - Özdamar, K. (2002). Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi [Statistical data analysis with package programs]. Kaan Publications. CR - Öztürk-Başpınar, N., & Çakıroğlu, D. (2019). Beş faktör kişilik özelliklerinin üniversite öğrencilerinin akademik sahtekârlık eğilimleri ile ilişkisi [Relationship between five factors personality traits and academic dishonesty tendencies of university students). Turkish Studies Educational Sciences, 14(6), 3355-3376 https://doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.39706 CR - Özyurt, Y., & Eren, A. (2014). Fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının öğretmenlik mesleğine ve kopya çekmeye yönelik tutumlarının görünümü [Profiles of pre-service science teachers’ attitudes towards the teaching profession and cheating]. Bartın Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 78‐101. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/buefad/issue/3814/51163 CR - Pavela, G. (1978). Judicial review of academic decision-making after Horowitz. School Law Journal, 55(8), 55-75. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ203114 CR - Pearson, K. A. (2019). Student attitudes and behaviors regarding academic dishonesty (ProQuest Number: 27548917) [Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. CR - Pino, N. W., & Smith, W. L. (2003). College students and academic dishonesty. College Student Journal, 37(December), 490-500. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/32294772/Pino_and_Smith_2003-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1648500466&Signature=g~xv5mDYRlMLc12RGHcVjOuIyfLXUPCZ5kdIGYkeCts-~HjNR55iaMip1IXJ7L9yFnfoixzy3t8xT8F-PcKn41iUqL5cfK0XTM34eBRfM3gPJjHOmMlJ83Dx2lO5A7KGDQDIqHV5sUB~xt9vcA7e2wLuC3ZnmIh-elT5IWkIMm6emTzwcZ4~fsL~EFe1k0D3~Ak2LUmZugMgi~UEXjsVAPiwiaPLrKkICl0aEgrRcpmqaTjUo1AwEGUI0M2GrqVYjTMN65Sl~fDEoTosg27b67U-oYYmtPhMQrwV86kl1Xx7CouWwWUn7aNlgo4g~Sxn86esPtg4kxDvvJnDF3GkLw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA CR - Roig, M., & Caso, M. (2005). Lying and cheating: Fraudulent excuse making, cheating, and plagiarism. The Journal of Psychology, 139(6), 485-494. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-01096-001 CR - Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müler, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit. measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-08119-003 CR - Şenel, E., Yıldız, M., & Can, S. (2020). The role of moral attitude, goal commitment, and cheating tendency in academic achievement. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 15(1), 63-72. https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2020.236.4 CR - Szabo, A., & Underwood, J. (2004). Cybercheats: Is information and communication technology fuelling academic dishonesty? Active Learning in Higher Education, 5(2), 180-199. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2004-17606-005 CR - Tabachnick, B. G, & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Ally And Bacon. CR - Tas, Y., & Tekkaya, C. (2010). Personal and contextual factors associated with students’ cheating in science. Journal of Experimental Education, 78(4), 440-463. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2010-15399-002 CR - Taşgın, A., Kıncal, R., Küçükoğlu, A., & Ozan, C. (2019). Öğretmen adaylarının kopya çekmeye ilişkin tutumları ile akademik sahtekârlık eğilimleri arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between prospective teachers’ attitudes towards cheating and academic dishonesty tendencies]. AJESI-Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 9(2), 608-639. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ajesi/issue/45725/578163 CR - Tayfun, A., Aysen, E., & Silik, C. E. (2020). Akademik sahtekârlık ile ilgili öğrenci eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi: Turizm fakültesi örneği [Determination of student tendencies related to academic dishonesty: The case of tourism faculty]. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(4), 2621-2638. https://jotags.org/2020/vol8_issue4_article15.pdf CR - Tümkaya, S. (2019). Cheating in the exams attitudes, opinions and self- esteem of classroom teachers’ students. SDU International Journal of Educational Studies, 6(2), 15-34. https://doi.org/10.33710/sduijes.594952 CR - Türk Dil Kurumu. (n.d.). kopya. In Current Turkish Dictionary Retrieved 22 July 2021, from https://sozluk.gov.tr/ CR - Uçak, N. Ö., & Ünal, Y. (2015). Hacettepe Üniversitesi bilgi ve belge yönetimi bölümü öğrencilerinin akademik sahtekârlık ve intihal konusundaki görüşleri [Opinions of Hacettepe University information and records management department students on academic dishonesty and plagiarism]. In U. Al and Z. Taşkın (Eds.), Prof. Dr. İrfan Çakın’a Armağan (pp. 251-264). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Bilgi ve Belge Yönetimi Bölümü. CR - Underwood, J., & Szabo, A. (2003). Academic offences and e-learning: Individual propensities in cheating. British Journal of Psychology, 94, 319-337. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-99735-008 CR - Üngüren, E., & Doğan H. (2010). Beş yıldızlı konaklama işletmelerinde çalışanların iş tatmin düzeylerinin CHAID analiz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi [An evaluation of job satisfaction with chaid analysis: A research in five-stars hotels]. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 11(2), 39-52. https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/publication/paper/detail/TVRNd09ETTFOUT09 CR - Ünlü, H., & Eroğlu C. (2012). Beden eğitimi öğretmen adaylarının kopya çekmeye yönelik tutumları [Prospective physical education teachers’ attitudes towards cheating]. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(3) 101-106. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000226 CR - Watson, J. (2013). Progression routes and attainment in occupational therapy education: the impact of background characteristics. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 76(12), 520-527. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.4276/030802213X13861576675169 CR - Whitley, B. E. (1998). Factors associated with cheating among college students: A review. Research in Higher Education,39(3), 235-274. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40196379?seq=1 CR - Whitley, B. E., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (2002). Academic dishonesty: An educator’s guide. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. CR - Whitley, B. E., Nelson, A. B., & Jones, C. J. (1999). Gender differences in cheating attitudes and classroom cheating behavior: A meta analysis. Sex Roles, 41(9/10), 657-680. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1018863909149 CR - Yang, S. C., Chiang, F. K., & Huang, C. L. (2017). A comparative study of academic dishonesty among university students in Mainland China and Taiwan. Asia Pacific Education Review, 18(3), 385-399. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12564-017-9497-2 CR - Yangın, S., & Kahyaoğlu, M. (2009). İlköğretim öğretmen adaylarının kopya çekmeye yönelik tutum ve görüşleri [Attitudes and ideas of candidate primary school teachers towards copying]. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(21), 46-55. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/857117 CR - Yeşilyaprak, B., & Öztürk, B. (1996, September 18-20). Üniversite öğrencilerinin kopya çekme olayına ilişkin eğilimleri ve görüşleri [Paper presentation]. II. Ulusal Eğitim Sempozyumu, Marmara University, İstanbul. CR - Yıldırım, S. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinin akademik başarı, akademik erteleme, kopya çekme ve devamsızlık durumlarının yordayıcısı olarak sosyal bağlılık (University students’ social connectedness belonging as predictors of their academic achivement, academic procrastination, cheating and school absenteeism). (Thesis No. ??????) [Unpublished master thesis, Gaziosmanpaşa University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/ CR - Yükseköğretim Kurulu. (2016). Yükseköğretim kurumları bilimsel araştırma ve yayın etiği yönergesi [Higher education institutions scientific research and publication ethics directive]. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Mevzuat/yuksekogretim_kurumlari_bilimsel_arastirma_ve_yayin_etigi_yonergesi.pdf UR - https://doi.org/10.21031/epod.1022731 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2078077 ER -