TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of Apatite Formation in MAX and MXene Alloy Foams AU - Özkan, Merve PY - 2024 DA - May Y2 - 2024 JF - Cankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering JO - CUJSE PB - Cankaya University WT - DergiPark SN - 2564-7954 SP - 54 EP - 62 VL - 21 IS - 1 LA - en AB - In this study, synthesis of Ti3AlC2 MAX and Ti3C2Tx MXene alloy powders was carried out, followed by the production and characterization of porous structures of Ti3AlC2 MAX and Ti3C2Tx MXene alloys for biomedical applications, for instance, MAX and MXene alloys can be utilized as composites for implants or grafts. MAX alloy foams were produced using the space holder method to investigate apatite formation using simulated body fluid. Subsequently, MXene alloy foams were synthesized via chemical etching using the produced MAX alloy foams. MAX and MXene foams, after being immersed in simulated body fluid for 1, 5, 15, and 25 days, were characterized using SEM, XRD, and EDS techniques to examine the formation of apatite. KW - MAX Alloy KW - MXene Alloy KW - Foams KW - Apatite CR - A. K. Geim and K. S. Novoselov "The Rise of Graphene" Nat. Mater., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 183, 2007. CR - V. Singh, D. Joung, L. Zhai, S. Das, S. I. Khondaker, and S. Seal, "Graphene based materials: Past, present and future," Prog.Mater.Sci., vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 1178, 2011. CR - Q. Tang, Z. Zhou, and Z. Chen, "Graphene-related nanomaterials: Tuning properties by functionalization," Nanoscale, vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 4541, 2013. CR - M. Naguib, M. Kurtoglu, V. Presser, J. Lu, J. Niu, M. Heon, and M. W. Barsoum, "Two-dimensional nanocrystals produced by exfoliation of Ti3AlC2. " Advanced Materials, vol. 23, no. 37, pp. 4248–4253, 2011. CR - Y. Gogotsi, and B. Anasori, "The Rise of MXenes." ACS Nano, vol. 13, pp. 8491–8494, 2019. CR - A. Vahid Mohammadi, J. Rosen, and Y. Gogotsi, "The world of two-dimensional carbides and nitrides (MXenes)" Science, vol. 372, pp. eabf1581, 2021. CR - Y. Gogotsi, and Q. Huang, "MXenes: Two-Dimensional Building Blocks for Future Materials and Devices." ACS Nano, vol. 15, pp. 5775–5780, 2021. CR - A. Shayesteh Zeraati, et al. "Improved synthesis of Ti3C2Tx MXenes resulting in exceptional electrical conductivity, high synthesis yield, and enhanced capacitance." Nanoscale, vol. 13, pp. 3572– 3580, 2021. CR - B. Anasori, and Y. Gogotsi, "MXenes: trends, growth, and future directions." Graphene and 2D Materials, vol. 7, pp. 75–79, 2022. CR - A. Maleki, M. Ghomi, N. Nikfarjam, M. Akbari, E. Sharifi, M. A. Shahbazi, and Y. Chen “Biomedical Applications of MXene-Integrated Composites: Regenerative Medicine, Infection Therapy, Cancer Treatment, and Biosensing”, Advanced Functional Materials, vol. 32, no. 34, pp. 2203430, 2022. CR - Y. Fu, J. B. Zhang, H. Lin, and A. Mo “2D titanium carbide (MXene) nanosheets and 1D hydroxyapatite nanowires into free standing nanocomposite membrane: in vitro and in vivo evaluations for bone regeneration”, Materials Science and Engineering C, vol. 118, pp. 111367, 2021. CR - S. Venkateshalu, and A. N. Grace, “MXenes-A new class of 2D layered materials: Synthesis, properties, applications as supercapacitor electrode and beyond”, Applied Materials Today, vol. 18, pp. 100509, 2020. CR - B. Fu, J. Sun, C. Wang, C. Shang, L. Xu, J. Li, and H. Zhang “MXenes: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Applications in Ultrafast Photonics”, Small, vol. 17, no. 11, pp. 2006054, 2021. CR - M. Naguib, V. N. Mochalin, M.W. Barsoum, and Y. Gogotsi "25th anniversary article: MXenes: A new family of two-dimensional materials." Advanced Materials, vol. 26, pp. 992–1005, 2014. CR - J. C. Lei, X. Zhang, and Z. Zhou "Recent advances in MXene: Preparation, properties, and applications." Frontiers of Physics, vol. 10, pp. 276–286, 2015. CR - H. Lin, Y. Chen, and J. Shi “Insights into 2D MXenes for Versatile Biomedical Applications: Current Advances and Challenges Ahead”, Advanced Science, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 1800518, 2018. CR - N. V. Tzenov, and M.W. Barsoum, "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Ti3AlC2." ChemInform, vol. 31, 2000. CR - T. Kokubo, and H. Takadama, "How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity?" Biomaterials, vol. 27, pp. 2907–2915, 2006. UR - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cankujse/issue//1455591 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/3807015 ER -