@article{article_1520993, title={Assessment of Anticancer Properties of Synthesized Pyrazole-Acridine Derivative on SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells}, journal={Duzce Medical Journal}, volume={27}, pages={1–10}, year={2025}, DOI={10.18678/dtfd.1520993}, author={Küçükbağrıaçık, Yusuf and Elmusa, Muna and Elmusa, Fatıma and Yılmaz, Hümeyra and Kasımoğulları, Rahmi and Dastourı, Mohammadreza}, keywords={Chemical synthesis, antineoplastic agents, neuroblastoma, pyrazoles, acridines, cytotoxicity, apoptosis}, abstract={Aim: This study aimed to synthesize a novel pyrazole acridine derivative (3-ACH) and evaluate its anticancer properties on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.
Material and Methods: The pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde derivative was cyclized with dimedone and p-nitroaniline to synthesize the 3-ACH. Characterization of the compound was performed using FT-IR, NMR, HPLC-Q-TOF/MS, and elemental analysis. The cytotoxic impact of the 3-ACH compound on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells was evaluated using the WST-1 assay in a dose- (50, 100, and 150 μg/mL) and time-dependent (12, 24, and 48 hours) manner. The impact of 3-ACH on apoptosis was investigated through immunostaining for Caspase-3, -8, and -9, and BAX proteins.
Results: 3-ACH reduced SH-SY5Y cell viability with the rate of 89.89±7.63% (p=0.002) at 100 μg/mL concentration after 24 hours of treatment. While a higher (150 μg/mL) concentration showed a similar reduction (90.53±2.88%, p=0.004), the lower (50 μg/mL) concentration maintained high cell viability (98.37±1.67%, p=0.903) at 24 hours. All doses of 50 μg/mL (94.55±0.65%), 100 μg/mL (95.18±1.41%), and 150 μg/mL (95.28±2.57%) significantly reduced cell viability rates, at 48 hours (all p<0.001). Immunostaining revealed a significant upregulation in the synthesis of BAX, Caspase-3, -8, and -9 proteins in cells treated with 3-ACH (100 μg/mL) for 24 hours compared to the control group.
Conclusion: These results indicate that 3-ACH has the potential to induce apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells by activating both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, which may contribute to its cytotoxic effects. This study provides promising evidence supporting the potential of the 3-ACH compound as an anticancer therapeutic agent.}, number={1}, publisher={Duzce University}