TY - JOUR T1 - Avrupa Birliği’nin Arktik Politikası ve Rusya’nın Tehdit Algısı: Ukrayna Savaşı’nın Yansımaları TT - The European Union’s Arctic Policy and Russia’s Threat Perception: Reflections of The Ukraine War AU - Taşık, Hasibe Tuğçe PY - 2024 DA - December Y2 - 2024 JF - Paradigma: İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi PB - Gumushane University WT - DergiPark SN - 2822-5570 SP - 68 EP - 79 VL - 13 IS - 2 LA - tr AB - Avrupa Birliği (AB) ve Rusya, 2000’li yıllardan itibaren Arktik bölgesine yönelik politikalar geliştiren ve uygulayan iki önemli aktördür. Ukrayna Savaşı, bu iki tarafı Arktik’ te karşı karşıya getirmiştir. Savaş, AB’nin Arktik politikasında iş birliği ve çevre konuları ağırlıklı gündemden güvenlik odaklı politikalara doğru bir değişime neden olmuştur. Bu makale, Ukrayna Savaşı’na giden süreçte AB’nin Arktik politikalarını incelemekte ve Rusya’nın AB’nin hangi adımlarını tehdit olarak algıladığını analiz etmektedir. Uluslararası ilişkiler teorilerinden neoliberalizm çerçevesinde AB’nin politikaları, realizm çerçevesinde ise Rusya’nın politikaları değerlendirilmektedir. Makale, tarafların birbirlerine yönelik tehdit algılarını ve bu algıların çatışmaya evrilmesini birincil ve ikincil kaynaklar ışığında değerlendirmektedir. Sonuç olarak, AB’nin genişleme politikası ve komşuluk politikası, Rusya’nın tehdit algılamalarına neden olmuş, Kırım’ın işgali ile başlayan süreç ise NATO’nun bölgedeki faaliyetlerini artırmıştır. Ukrayna Savaşı, AB ve Rusya’nın Arktik bölgesindeki güç dengelerini de bozmuş ve iş birliklerini zorlaştırarak bir çatışma ortamı yaratmıştır. KW - Arktik KW - Avrupa Birliği KW - Rusya KW - Ukrayna Savaşı N2 - The European Union (EU) and the Russian Federation (Russia) are two important actors that have developed and implemented policies towards the Arctic region since the 2000s. The Ukrainian War brought these two sides face to face in the Arctic. The war caused a shift in the EU's Arctic policy from cooperation and environmental issues to security-oriented policies. This article examines the EU's Arctic policies leading up to the Ukrainian War and analyzes which steps Russia perceived as threats by the EU. The EU's policies are evaluated within the framework of neoliberalism and Russia's policies within the framework of realism from international relations theories. The article considers the parties' perceptions of threat towards each other and the evolution of these perceptions into conflict in the light of primary and secondary sources. As a result, the EU's expansion policy and neighborhood policy caused Russia's perceptions of threat, and the process that began with the occupation of Crimea increased the activities of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in the region and brought the two sides face to face with Finland's NATO membership. 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