TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of phenolic content of Berberis vulgaris L. fruits harvested at different times by multivariate analysis
TT  - Determination of phenolic content of Berberis vulgaris L. fruits harvested at different times by multivariate analysis
AU  - Kırca, Levent
AU  - Bak, Tuba
AU  - Doğru Çokran, Berna
AU  - Karadeniz, Turan
PY  - 2025
DA  - September
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.21448/ijsm.1580988
JF  - International Journal of Secondary Metabolite
JO  - Int. J. Sec. Metabolite
PB  - İzzet KARA
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2148-6905
SP  - 725
EP  - 731
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
LA  - en
AB  - This study focused on the levels of phenolic compounds present in the fruits of Berberis vulgaris genotypes harvested at different times and determined the relationship between the studied traits by multivariate analysis. Harvest time significantly affected the amount of phenolic content. There were significant increases in gallic, catechin, chlorogenic, rutin, and q-coumaric acid contents, while caffeic and syringic acid contents decreased significantly as the harvest time was delayed. In PCA analysis, PC1 and PC2 explained 78.3% of the data. It was found that ‘Harvest 1’ was notable for its high content of caffeic and syringic acids, while ‘Harvest 4’ excelled in catechin, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid content. It was also determined that ‘Genotype 1’ stood out in terms of myricetin, quercetin, p-coumaric, q-coumaric, and rutin content. This study highlights the importance of phenolic acid content in determining the optimal harvest time. The findings indicate that ‘Harvest 4’ (December) is the most suitable period for harvesting, particularly in terms of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and q-coumaric acid.
KW  - Phenolic compounds
KW  - Harvest time
KW  - Heatmap cluster
KW  - PCA
KW  - Correlation
N2  - This study focused on the levels of phenolic compounds present in the fruits of Berberis vulgaris genotypes harvested at different times and determined the relationship between the studied traits by multivariate analysis. Harvest time significantly affected the amount of phenolic content. There were significant increases in gallic, catechin, chlorogenic, rutin, and q-coumaric acid contents, while caffeic and syringic acid contents decreased significantly as the harvest time was delayed. In PCA analysis, PC1 and PC2 explained 78.3% of the data. It was found that ‘Harvest 1’ was notable for its high content of caffeic and syringic acids, while ‘Harvest 4’ excelled in catechin, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid content. It was also determined that ‘Genotype 1’ stood out in terms of myricetin, quercetin, p-coumaric, q-coumaric, and rutin content. This study highlights the importance of phenolic acid content in determining the optimal harvest time. The findings indicate that ‘Harvest 4’ (December) is the most suitable period for harvesting, particularly in terms of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and q-coumaric acid.
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1580988
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4347112
ER  -