TY - JOUR T1 - Sosyal Medya Krizlerinin Tüketicilerin Marka İmajı Algıları Üzerindeki Etkisi: Patiswiss Çikolata Markası Örneği TT - The Impact of Social Media Crises on Brand Image: The Case of Patiswiss Chocolate AU - Karakoç, Hale Tuğçe AU - Alkaç, Dilan PY - 2025 DA - September Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.29023/alanyaakademik.1632373 JF - Alanya Akademik Bakış PB - Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 2651-4192 SP - 964 EP - 981 VL - 9 IS - 3 LA - tr AB - Bu çalışma, Patiswiss markasının 2024 yılı Nisan ayında yaşadığı kriz sonrası tüketici algılarının sosyal medya platformu X (Twitter) üzerindeki yorumlar aracılığıyla incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Duygu analizi yöntemi kullanılarak yorumlara duygu puanları atanmış ve her yorumun baskın duygusu belirlenmiştir. NRC duygu sözlüğü tercih edilerek sekiz farklı duygu kategorisinde analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, tüketicilerin kriz sonrası algılarında öfke, hayal kırıklığı ve tiksinti gibi olumsuz duyguların baskın olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu analiz, markaların kriz yönetimi stratejilerini daha hedefe yönelik geliştirmelerine yardımcı olmaktadır. Ayrıca, duygu analizi yöntemi, yalnızca olumsuz veya olumlu algıyı değil, duyguların detaylı dağılımını ortaya koyarak daha derinlemesine içgörüler sunmaktadır. Çalışmada bazı sınırlılıklar tespit edilmiştir. NRC duygu sözlüğünün İngilizce temelli olması, Türkçe yorumlarda uyum sorunları yaratmıştır. Yalnızca X platformunun kullanılması ve ironik veya alaycı ifadelerin doğru sınıflandırılamaması metodolojik kısıtlar arasındadır. Gelecekteki çalışmalar için makine öğrenimi teknikleri ve farklı platformlardan veri kullanımı önerilmektedir. Bu araştırma, sosyal medya temelli nicel analizlere katkı sağlayarak marka krizleri üzerine yapılan çalışmalara yeni bir perspektif sunmaktadır. KW - Kriz Yönetimi KW - Marka İmajı KW - Marka İletişimi N2 - This study examines the impact of social media on brand crises and perception shifts by analyzing consumer comments. The research focuses on the crisis faced by the Patiswiss brand in April 2024, utilizing sentiment analysis to assess consumer perceptions. Comments from the social media platform X (Twitter) were analyzed, with each statement assigned a sentiment score to determine the overall emotional tone. The study employs the NRC sentiment lexicon, which categorizes emotions into eight distinct types, allowing for a more detailed analysis beyond simple positive or negative polarity. This approach helps identify whether negative perceptions stem from emotions such as anger, disappointment, or disgust, providing valuable insights for crisis communication strategies. The study highlights the challenges of analyzing Turkish-language comments due to linguistic and cultural differences in sentiment lexicons. Additionally, thematic similarities between comments were examined to understand broader consumer sentiment trends. The findings contribute to the literature by offering a quantitative alternative to qualitative crisis analyses. Despite limitations such as language constraints, reliance on a single platform, and difficulties in detecting sarcasm, this research provides actionable insights for brands in managing crises and shaping their communication strategies. Future studies should explore cross-platform comparisons, integrate machine learning techniques, and assess long-term brand perception shifts. CR - Babatunde, K. (2022). Public relations and social media for effective crisis communication management. Jurnal Bina Praja, 14, 543-553. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.14.2022.543-553 CR - Benoit, W. L. (1997). Image repair discourse and crisis communication. Public Relations Review, 23(2), 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0363-8111(97)90023-0 CR - Braun, T. (2004). The philosophy of branding: Great philosophers think brands. Kogan Page Publishers. CR - Brown, P. F., Della Pietra, V. J., Desouza, P. V., Lai, J. C., & Mercer, R. L. (1992). Class-based n-gram models of natural language. Computational Linguistics, 18(4), 467-480. CR - Bullmore, J. (1984). The brand and its image revisited. International Journal of Advertising, 3, 235–238. CR - Cambria, E., Schuller, B., Xia, Y., & Havasi, C. (2013). New avenues in opinion mining and sentiment analysis. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 28(2), 15-21. CR - Cheng, Y. (2018). How social media is changing crisis communication strategies: Evidence from the updated literature. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 26(1), 58-68. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12130 CR - Chernatony, L. (1999). Brand management through narrowing the gap between brand identity and brand reputation. Journal of Marketing Management, 15(1-3), 157-179. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725799784870432 CR - Chun, R. (2005). Corporate reputation: Meaning and measurement. International Journal Of Management Reviews, 7(2), 91-109. CR - Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S. J. (2006). Unpacking the halo effect: Reputation and crisis management. Journal Of Communication Management, 10(2), 123-137. CR - Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S. J. (2014). How publics react to crisis communication efforts: Comparing crisis response reactions across sub-arenas of the public. Journal of Communication Management, 18(1), 40-57. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-03-2013- 0015 CR - Dawar, N., & Lei, J. (2009). Brand crises: The roles of brand familiarity and crisis relevance in determining the impact on brand evaluations. Journal of Business Research, 62(4), 509-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2008.02.001 CR - De Chernatony, L., McDonald, M., & Wallace, E. (2011). Creating powerful brands (4th ed.). Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. CR - Dutta, S., & Pullig, C. (2011). Effectiveness of corporate responses to brand crises: The role of crisis type and response strategies. Journal of Business Research, 64(12), 1281-1287. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2011.01.013 CR - Ekmekçi, Z. (2024). Sosyal medyada kriz yönetimi: Kurumsal özür dileme üzerine olumsuz bir olay incelemesi. The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication, 14(4), 973-985. CR - Eröz, S., Doğdubay. M. (2012). Turistik ürün tercihinde sosyal medyanın rolü ve etik ilişkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 27(1), 133-157. CR - Fombrun, C. J. (1996). Reputation: Realizing value from the corporate ımage. Harvard Business School Press. Greyser, S. (2009). Corporate brand reputation and brand crisis management. Management Decision, 47(5), 590-602. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740910959431 CR - Greyser, S. A. (2009). Corporate brand reputation and brand crisis management. Management Decision, 47(4), 590-602. CR - İslamoğlu, A. H. ve Fırat, D. (2016). Stratejik marka yönetimi (3. Baskı). Beta Yayınları. CR - Jennex, M. E. (2010). Implementing social media in crisis response using knowledge management. International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 2(4), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.4018/jiscrm.2010100102 CR - Jin, Y., Liu, B., & Austin, L. L. (2014). Examining the role of social media in effective crisis management. Communication Research, 41(1), 74-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650211423918 CR - Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252054 CR - Koca, S. (2024). Digital Communication crisis: The case of patiswiss brand. Contemporary Issues of Communication, 3(2), 145-164. CR - Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2006). Marketing management (12th ed.). Pearson Education. CR - Kotler, P., Pfoertsch, W., & Pförtsch, W. A. (2010). Ingredient branding: Making the invisible visible. Springer Nature. CR - Liu, B. (2022). Sentiment analysis and opinion mining. Springer Nature. CR - Manternanach, L. (2015). Managing Your Online Reputation. Corridor Business Journal. 11(30), 14. CR - Nayandeepkaur. (2013). Brand crisis management - Rescuing a brand during crisis. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Management Review, 2(6), 65-75. CR - Nikolova, M. (2024). Crisis management in social media. Media and Language Journal, 17. https://doi.org/10.58894/gegy6307 CR - Özdemir, E. K. (2024). Sosyal medyada kriz iletişimi sürecinde kriz sözcülüğü; Patiswiss krizi vaka incelemesi. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi, 1(63), 51-70. CR - Pang, B., & Lee, L. (2008). Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Foundations And Trends® in İnformation Retrieval, 2(1–2), 1-135. CR - Patterson, B. (1993). Crises impact on reputation management. Public Relations Journal, 49(6), 48. CR - Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. CR - Pollák, F., Dobrovič, J., Váchal, J., Straková, J., & Pártlová, P. (2021). Crisis management of corporate reputation: Analysis of selected e-commerce entities in times of global pandemics. International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, 7(2), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.18775/IJMSBA.1849-5664-5419.2014.72.1004 CR - Randall, G. (2005). Markalaştırma. Rota Yayınları. CR - Roshan, M., Warren, M., & Carr, R. (2016). Understanding the use of social media by organisations for crisis communication. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 350-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.016 CR - Snoussi, T. (2020). Social media for crisis communication management. The International Journal of Business and Management, 8(3), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.37391/IJBMR.080302 CR - Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11. Baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık. UR - https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1632373 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4575930 ER -