TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Ivermectin in Reducing Gastrointestinal Helminths and Anaplasma Species Infections in Sheep in Khagrachari Hill Tracts, Bangladesh
TT  - Bangladeş'in Khagrachari Tepelik Bölgelerinde Koyunlarda Gastrointestinal Helmint ve Anaplasma Enfeksiyonlarının Azaltılmasında İvermektinin Değerlendirilmesi
AU  - Alim, Md Abdul
AU  - Heema, Homaira Pervin
AU  - Islam, Md. Sirazul
AU  - Bayzid, Md.
AU  - Hasan, Nazmul
AU  - Hasıb, Farazi
AU  - Akter, Farjana
AU  - Hassan, Mohammad Mahmudul
AU  - Khan, Md. Kabirul Islam
PY  - 2025
DA  - November
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.36483/vanvetj.1650172
JF  - Van Veterinary Journal
JO  - Van Vet J
PB  - Van Yuzuncu Yıl University
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2149-3359
SP  - 162
EP  - 168
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
LA  - en
AB  - Sheep farming is crucial to Bangladesh's livestock sector, with increasing popularity among tribal communities in the Chattogram hill tract. The growth and productivity of sheep farming are often hindered by gastrointestinal (GI) and haemoparasitic infections. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ivermectin in reduction of GI and Anaplasma sp. infections in sheep from Khagrachari district, Chattogram. A total of 100 fecal and 100 blood samples were collected from sheep, both before and 1 (one) month after the administration of ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg body weight, subcutaneous route). Routine coproscopy (e.g., direct smear, sedimentation and floatation) was performed to detect GI parasites. Blood smears were stained with Giemsa's stain for the identification of Anaplasma sp. infections. Ivermectin administration significantly reduced GI parasitic infections in sheep by 48% (50% to 26%). The highest reduction (69%) was observed in the 6-month to 1-year age group. Among enteric helminths, Fasciola sp. infection decreased by 57%, while Chabertia sp., Oesophagostomum sp., and Moniezia sp. were completely eliminated.  In contrast, the prevalence of Schistosoma spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Haemonchus spp., Paramphistomum spp., and Strongyloides spp. increased post-treatment. Anaplasma sp. (A. marginale and A. centrale) infections were significantly reduced by 80% (p=0.017), with male sheep exhibiting a 100% reduction. Sheep of Uttargonjpara region had a 100% reduction in enteric helminth infections. Ivermectin effectively reduced blood protozoal infections across most study locations, except in Uttargonjpara and Mohalchara. The study suggests that ivermectin is effective for controlling GI and Anaplasma sp. infections. Further research is recommended in a larger sheep population, including the detection of ectoparasites for better understanding the broader impacts of ivermectin use in hilly regions.
KW  - Anaplasma speceis
KW  - Gastrointesinal helminths
KW  - Ivermectin
KW  - Sheep
N2  - Koyun yetiştiriciliği, Bangladeş’in hayvancılık sektöründe önemli bir rol oynamakta ve Chattogram tepelik bölgesinde yaşayan yerli topluluklar arasında giderek daha popüler hale gelmektedir. Ancak, koyun yetiştiriciliğinin büyümesi ve verimliliği genellikle gastrointestinal (GI) ve hemoparazitik enfeksiyonları tarafından engellenmektedir. Bu çalışma, Chattogram’ın Khagrachari bölgesindeki koyunlarda GI ve Anaplasma sp. enfeksiyonlarının azaltılmasında ivermektinin etkinliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Toplam 100 dışkı ve 100 kan örneği, ivermektin (0.2 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı, subkutan) uygulanmadan önce ve 1 (bir) ay sonra toplanmıştır. GI parazitlerini tespit etmek için rutin koproskopi (direkt yayma, sedimentasyon ve flotasyon) yapılmıştır. Kan yaymaları Giemsa boyası ile boyanarak Anaplasma sp. enfeksiyonları belirlenmiştir. Ivermektin yönetimi koyunlardaki GI parazit enfeksiyonlarını %48 oranında (%50’den %26’ya) önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. En yüksek azalma (%69), 6 ay ile 1 yaş arasındaki grupta gözlenmiştir. Enterik helmintler arasında, Fasciola spp. enfeksiyonu %57 oranında azalmış, Chabertia spp., Oesophagostomum spp. ve Moniezia spp. tamamen ortadan kalkmıştır. Aksine, Schistosoma spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Haemonchus spp., Paramphistomum spp. ve Strongyloides spp. enfeksiyonlarının prevalansı tedavi sonrasında artış göstermiştir. Anaplasma sp. enfeksiyonları (Anaplasma marginale ve A. centrale), %80 oranında önemli ölçüde azalmıştır (p=0.017) ve erkek koyunlarda %100 azalma gözlenmiştir. Uttargonjpara bölgesindeki koyunlar, enterik helmint enfeksiyonlarında %100 azalma göstermiştir. İvermektin, Uttargonjpara ve Mohalchara hariç çoğu çalışma bölgesinde kan protozoon enfeksiyonlarını etkili bir şekilde azaltmıştır. Bu çalışma, ivermektinin GI ve Anaplasma sp. enfeksiyonlarının kontrolünde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Daha geniş koyun popülasyonlarında ve ektoparazitlerin tespiti dahil olmak üzere, ivermektinin kullanımının daha geniş etkilerini anlamak için ek araştırmalar önerilmektedir.
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1650172
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4655851
ER  -