TY  - JOUR
T1  - Çok Yüksek HbA1c Değerlerinin Diyabetik Komplikasyonlarla İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
AU  - Urakçı, Zuhat
AU  - Tuzcu, Alparslan Kemal
AU  - Pekkolay, Zafer
PY  - 2025
DA  - March
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.5798/dicletip.1657582
JF  - Dicle Medical Journal
JO  - diclemedj
PB  - Dicle University
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1300-2945
SP  - 171
EP  - 176
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
LA  - tr
AB  - Amaç: Bu çalışmada çok yüksek HbA1c değerlerinin diyabetik komplikasyonlarla ilişkisini incelemeyi amaçladık.Yöntemler: Ocak 2008 ve Haziran 2009 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Endokrinoloji Kliniği’nde diyabetes mellitus tanısı ile takip edilen, HbA1c değeri %12 ve üzerinde olan 80 hasta (50 tip 2 DM ve 30 tip 1 DM) ile HbA1c değeri %7 ve altında olan 80 hasta (50 tip 2 DM ve 30 tip1 DM) diyabetin komplikasyonları açısından karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: HbA1c değeri %12 ve üzerinde olan hastalarda retinopati, duyusal nöropati, motor nöropati ve otonom nöropati HbA1c değeri %7 ve altında olan hastalara göre daha yüksek bulundu (p
KW  - Diyabetes mellitus
KW  - HbA1c
KW  - komplikasyon.
CR  - 1.Timar B, Albai O. The Relationship BetweenHemoglobin A1c and Chronic Complications In DiabetesMellitus. Rom J Diabetes Nutr Metab Dis. 2012; 19(2):115-22.
CR  - 2.Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care.2016; 39(Suppl. 1): S4-S5.
CR  - 3.Powers AC, Stafford JM, Rickels MR. Diabetes Mellitus:Complications. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine.20th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2019; Chapter 398:p.2875.
CR  - 4.American Diabetes Association Professional PracticeCommittee. 11. Chronic kidney disease and riskmanagement: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025.Diabetes Care. 2025; 48(Suppl. 1): S239–S51.
CR  - 5.Kapa M, Koryciarz I, Kustosik N, Jurowski P,Pniakowska Z. Future Directions in Diabetic RetinopathyTreatment: Stem Cell Therapy, Nanotechnology, andPPARα Modulation. J.Clin. Med. 2025; 14(3): 683.
CR  - 6.Zilliox LA. Diabetes and Peripheral Nerve Disease. ClinGeriatr Med. 2021; 37: 253–67.
CR  - 7.Dal Canto E, Ceriello A , Rydén L, et al. Diabetes as acardiovascular risk factor: An overview of global trends ofmacro and micro vascular complications. Eur J PrevCardiol. 2019; 26(2_suppl): 25-32.
CR  - 8.American Diabetes Association. 6. Glycemic Targets:Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021. DiabetesCare. 2021; 44(Suppl. 1): S73-S84.
CR  - 9.Gorst C, Kwok CS, Aslam S, et al. Long-term GlycemicVariability and Risk of Adverse Outcomes: A SystematicReview and Meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2015; 38(12):2354–69.
CR  - 10.S. Zoungas, J. Chalmers, T. Ninomiya, et al. Associationof HbA1c levels with vascular complications and death inpatients with type 2 diabetes: evidence of glycaemicthresholds. Diabetologia. 2012; 55: 636–43.
CR  - 11.American Diabetes Association: Screening fordiabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002; 25(Suppl.1): S21-S24.
CR  - 12.Sartore G, Ragazzi E, Caprino R, Lapolla A. Long-termHbA1c variability and macro/microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis update. Acta Diabetologica. 2023; 60: 721–38.
CR  - 13.Vivekanand, Ray S, Kumar S, Choudhury SP, BanerjeeA. Awareness about Hba1c - in Diabetics with and withoutretinopathy. South Eastern European Journal of PublicHealth. 2025; 1184–90.
CR  - 14.American Diabetes Association: Tests of glycemia indiabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26(Suppl. 1): S106-8.
CR  - 15.Krolewski AS, Laffel LM, Krolewski M, Quinn M,Warram JH. Glycosylated hemoglobin and the risk ofmicroalbuminuria in patients with insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1995; 332: 1251-5.
CR  - 16.Hanssen KF. Blood glucose control and microvascularand macrovascular complications in diabetes. Diabetes.1997; 46(Suppl 2): S101-S103.
CR  - 17.UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group.Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas orinsulin compared with conventional treatment and risk ofcomplications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS33). Lancet. 1998; 352: 837–53.
CR  - 18.Rahman MO, Kumar S. A Study on Association ofHbA1c Levels and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in thePatients of Diabetes Mellitus. EJCM. 2025; 15(2): 163-9.
CR  - 19.Ezcurra Ferrer EJ, Licea Puig M, Díaz Díaz O.Glycosylated hemoglobin as a prognostic index ofappearance of vasculer complications in diabetic patients.Rev Clin Esp. 1990; 187(3): 121-4.
CR  - 20.Agardh E, Agardh CD, Koul S, Torffvit O. A four-yearfollow-up study on the incidence of diabetic retinopathyin older onset diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 1994; 11(3):273-8.
CR  - 21.Alswaina N. Association Between HbA1c Levels andthe Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy. Cureus. 2024;16(12): e76395.
CR  - 22.Segato T, Midena E, Grigoletto F, et al. Theepidemiology and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy inthe Veneto region of North east Italy. Venneto Group forDiabetic Retinopathy. Diabet Med. 1991; 8: S11-S16.
CR  - 23.Chawla A, Chawla R, Jaggi S. Microvasular andmacrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus:Distinct or continuum?. Indian J Endocr Metab. 2016;20(4): 546-51.
CR  - 24.Adler AI, Boyko EJ, Ahroni AJ, et al. Risk factors fordiabetic peripheral sensory neuropathy. Results of theSeattle prospective diabetic foot study. Diabetes Care.1997; 20(7): 1162-7.
CR  - 25.American Diabetes Association Professional PracticeCommittee. Summary of revisions: Standards of Care inDiabetes—2025. Diabetes Care. 2025; 48(Suppl. 1): S6–S13.
CR  - 26.Fein F, Scheuer J. Heart Disease in diabetes mellitus:theory and practice. 4th ed. New York, NY: ElsevierScience Inc. 1990: 812-23.
CR  - 27.Aburisheh K, AlKheraiji MF, Alwalan SI, et al.Prevalence of QT prolongation and its risk factors inpatients with type 2 diabetes. BMC Endocrine Disord.2023; 23(1): 50.
CR  - 28.Grundy SM, Benjamin IJ, Burke GL, et al. Diabetes andCardiovasculer disease: A statement for health careprofessionals from American Heart Association.Circulation. 1999; 100(10): 1134-46.
CR  - 29.Selvin E, Marinopoulos S, Berkenblit G, et al. Meta-analysis: glycosylated hemoglobin and cardiovasculardisease in diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141(6): 421-31.
CR  - 30.Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, et al. Association ofglycaemia with macrovascular and microvascularcomplications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospectiveobservational study. BMJ. 2000; 321: 405-12.
CR  - 31.Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, et al. Intensivediabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patientswith type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2005; 353: 2643-53.
CR  - 32.American Diabetes Association Professional PracticeCommittee. 10. Cardiovascular disease and riskmanagement: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025.Diabetes Care. 2025; 48(Suppl. 1): S207–S238.
CR  - 33.Baty M, Chimoriya R, James S, et al. Diabetes inPeripheral Artery Disease: Prevalence, Complications,and Polypharmacy. J. Clin. Med. 2025; 14(4): 1383.
CR  - 34. Warraich HJ, Rana S. Dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitusand cardiovascular disease. CardiovascularEndocrinology. 2017; 6(1): 27-32.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5798/dicletip.1657582
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4689556
ER  -