TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of physicochemical and mechanical quality characteristics of early-maturing table grape varieties
AU  - Kamiloğlu, Önder
AU  - Tangolar, Serpil
AU  - Cantürk, Sevil
AU  - Tangolar, Semih
PY  - 2025
DA  - June
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.31015/2025.2.9
JF  - International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences
JO  - int. j. agric. environ. food sci.
PB  - Gültekin ÖZDEMİR
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2618-5946
SP  - 348
EP  - 359
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
LA  - en
AB  - In table grape production, the economic value, which depends on ecological conditions, is closely associated with the ripening period, yield, and the physical and chemical properties of the clusters and berries of the selected varieties. The selection of varieties with superior physicochemical and textural characteristics can mitigate yield losses and prevent price reductions during ripening, harvest, and marketing. In this study, Early Sweet, Prima, and Trakya İlkeren varieties were found to ripen in the first half of June in the Mediterranean region, while Black Magic, Yalova İncisi, Efem, and Spil Karası ripened during the second half, and Victoria ripened in the first half of July. The total soluble solids (TSS) content of all varieties was determined to be 13-14%, with a maturity index of >20 at harvest. The largest cluster and berry sizes were observed in the Victoria and Efem varieties, while the smallest were recorded for Early Sweet. Regarding mechanical and physical properties, berry cracking tolerance was highest in Victoria and Spil Karası (4236 g and 3082 g, respectively) and lowest in Trakya İlkeren and Yalova İncisi (1657 g and 1842 g, respectively). Berry elasticity was highest in Early Sweet and Spil Karası (342.7 g mm⁻¹ and 335.8 g mm⁻¹, respectively) and lowest in Trakya İlkeren and Yalova İncisi (271.3 g mm⁻¹ and 259.6 g mm⁻¹, respectively). The berry removal force was also comparatively high in Victoria and Spil Karası (847.6 g and 782.1 g, respectively). Based on these findings, it is recommended that grape breeding programs prioritize varieties with large clusters, firm and seedless berries, and high TSS levels. Additionally, the Prima and Early Sweet varieties, characterized by their firmer berries, may be particularly suitable for transportation, extended shelf life, and enhanced competitiveness in both local and international markets.
KW  - Viticulture
KW  - Early ripening
KW  - Grape quality
KW  - Berry texture
CR  - Al-Fadheel, S., Verrastro, V., Gentilesco, G., Di Gennaro, D., Amendolagine, A. M. & Tarricone, L. (2018). Sustainable irrigation strategy in organic 'Victoria' table grape in Apulia region. In XI International Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems Acta Horticulture, 1228, Bologna, Italy, pp. 413-420.
CR  - Al-Obeed, R. S., Kassem, H. A. & Ahmed, M. A. (2010). Effect of grapevine varietal differences on bud fertility, yield and fruit quality under arid environments and domestic wastewater irrigation. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 9(3), 248-255.
CR  - Aydın S (2009). Bazı sofralık üzüm çeşitlerinde tane fiziksel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, (Basılmamış), Tekirdağ, Türkiye, 30 p.
CR  - Balic, I., Ejsmentewicz, T., Sanhueza, D., Silva, C., Peredo, T., Olmedo, P., Barros, M., Verdonk, J. C.  Paredes, R., Meneses, C., Prieto, H., Orellana, A., Defilippi, B. G. & Campos-Vargas, R. (2014). Biochemical and physiological study of the firmness of table grape berries. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 93, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.02.001
CR  - Barbagallo, M. G., Guidoni, S. & Hunter, J. J. (2011). Berry size and qualitative characteristics of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah. South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 32(1), 129-136. https://doi.org/10.21548/32-1-1372
CR  - Cantürk, S. & Kunter, B. (2021). Effects of kaolin treatment on table grape characteristics of cv. Trakya Ilkeren (Vitis vinifera L.). KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature, 24(3), 522-528.  https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.745100
CR  - Correa, J., Mamani, M., Muñoz-Espinoza, C., González-Agüero, M., Defilippi, B. G., Campos-Vargas, R., Pinto, M. & Hinrichsen, P. (2016). New stable QTLs for berry firmness in table grapes. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 67(2), 212-217. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2015.15049
CR  - Crespan, M., Migliaro, D., Vezzulli, S., Zenoni, S., Tornielli, G. B, Giacosa, S., Paissoni, M. A., Segade, S. R. & Rolle, L. (2021). A major QTL is associated with berry grape texture characteristics. OENO One, 1, 183-206. https://doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.1.3994
CR  - Crisosto, C. & Smilanick, J. (2007). Table grapes postharvest quality maintenance guidelines. Online publication, The University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
CR  - Demir, S. & Tangolar, S. (2021). Black Magic üzüm çeşidinde organik ve organomineral gübre uygulamalarının verim, kalite ve bitki beslemeye etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 26 (1), 163-170.  (in Turkish) https://doi.org/10.37908/mkutbd.801859
CR  - Ergönül, O., Özer, C. & Orhan Özalp, Z. (2018). Tekirdağ bağcılık araştırma enstitüsü tarafından geliştirilen yeni sofralık üzüm çeşitleri. Bahçe, 47, 423-428 (in Turkish) .
CR  - Garrido, I., Llerena, J. L., Valdés, M. E., Mancha, L. A., Uriarte, D., del Henar Prieto, M. & Espinosa, F. (2014). Effects of defoliation and water restriction on total phenols and antioxidant activities in grapes during ripening. OENO One, 48(1), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2014.48.1.1654
CR  - Gönen, S. (2021). Yeni melez bazı sofralık üzüm çeşitlerinin Çukurova koşullarındaki performansları ve etkili sıcaklık toplamı isteklerinin belirlenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi Adana, Türkiye, 85 p.
CR  - Gross, K., Wang, C. Y. & Saltveit, M. (2016). The commercial storage of fruits, vegetables, and florist and nursery stocks. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: Davis, CA, USA, 66, 344-348.
CR  - Hamie, N., Nacouzi, D., Choker, M., Salameh, M., Darwiche, L. & El Kayal, W. (2023). Maturity assessment of different table grape cultivars grown at six different altitudes in Lebanon. Plants, 12, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12183237
CR  - IUSS Working Group WRB. (2015). World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, Update 2015. International Soil Classification System for Naming Soils and Creating Legends for Soil Maps. World Soil Resources Reports No. 106, Rome: FAO.
CR  - Kamiloğlu, Ö. (2013). Bazı erkenci sofralık üzüm çeşitlerinde tane kalite özellikleri. Tarım Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 6(2), 65-70 (in Turkish).
CR  - Kamiloğlu Ö., Çandır, E. & Özdemir A. E. (2011). Hassa (Hatay) koşullarında yetiştirilen sofralık üzüm çeşitleri ve kalite özellikleri. Türkiye 6. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı. 04-08 October, Şanlıurfa, pp. 237-244 (in Turkish).
CR  - Kamiloğlu, Ö. & Demirkeser, Ö. (2019). Doğu Akdeniz bölgesi (Hatay/Türkiye) koşullarında bazı sofralık üzüm çeşitlerinin fenolojik ve pomolojik özellikleri. II. Hasat Uluslararası Tarım ve Orman Kongresi Tam Metin Kitabı, 8-9 November, İzmir, pp. 99-114 (in Turkish).
CR  - Korkutal, İ., Bahar, E. & Azsöz, S. (2023). Sofralık üzümde salkım seyreltme ve yaprak almanın tane özelliklerine etkisi. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 1187-1204 (in Turkish) .
CR  - Kunter, B., Cantürk, S. & Keskin, N. (2013). Üzüm tanesinin histokimyasal yapısı. Iğdır Uni. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 3(2), 17-24 (in Turkish).
CR  - Letaief, H., Rolle, L. & Zeppa, G., Gerbi, V. (2008). Assessment of grape skin hardness by a puncture test. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88(9), 1567-1575. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3252
CR  - Maante, M., Vool, E., Rätsep, R. & Karp, K. (2015). The effect of genotype on table grapes soluble solids content. Agronomy Research, 13(1), 141-147.
CR  - Melo, M. S., Schultz, H. R., Volschenk, C. G. & Hunter, J. J. (2015). Berry size variation of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah: Morphological dimensions, berry composition and wine quality. South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 36(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.21548/36-1-931
CR  - MGM, (2024). Turkish state meteorological service. Retrieved in March, 10, 2025 from https://mgm.gov.tr/
CR  - Moggia, C., Valdés, Y., Arancibia, A., Valdés, M., Radrigan, C., Icaza, G., Beaudry, R. & Lobos, G. A. (2022). A comparison of firmness assessment instruments for fresh blueberry fruit. HortTechnology, 32(2), 172-181. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04960-21
CR  - Muñoz-Robredo, P., Robledo, P., Manríquez, D., Molina, R. & Defilippi, B. G. (2011). Characterization of sugars and organic acids in commercial varieties of table grapes. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 71(3), 453-458. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392011000300017
CR  - Özdemir, G. & Bayhan, Y. D. (2018). Bazı sofralık üzüm çeşitlerinin Diyarbakır ekolojik koşullarındaki salkım, tane ve şıra özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. International Congress on Agriculture and Animal Sciences, 7-9 November, Alanya/Antalya, pp. 815-820 (in Turkish).
CR  - Peña-Neira, A., Cortiella, M.G., Ubeda, C., Pastenes, C., Villalobos, L., Contador, L., Infante, R. & Gómez, C. (2023). Phenolic, polysaccharides composition, and texture properties during ripening and storage time of new table grape cultivars in Chile. Plants, 12(2488), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12132488
CR  - Takahashi, M., Taniwaki, M., Sakurai, N., Ueno, T. & Yakushiji, H. (2010). Changes in berry firmness of various grape cultivars on vines measured by nondestructive method before and after veraison. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 79(4), 377-383. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs1.79.377
CR  - Tangolar, S., Demir, S., Ada, M., Torun, A. A., Duymuş, E. & Tangolar, S. (2021). Organik ve organomineral gübrelerin Prima üzüm çeşidinde verim, kalite ve bitki besleme üzerine etkileri. Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 34(1), 9-16 (in Turkish) https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.778798
CR  - Tangolar, S., Priori, S., Tangolar, S., Turan, M., & Akça, E. (2024). Local organic and inorganic amendments to improve table grape production in Mediterranean vineyards of southern Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 48(3), 372-389.
CR  - Tóth, A.M., Veres, S. & Zsófi, Z. (2022). Texture analysis as a method for grape berry characterization. Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, 2, 57-64. https://doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/2/10368
CR  - Ullah, A., Badshah, S., Rahman, A. U. & Din, S. U. (2019). Physical and chemical properties of grapes of Peshawar city. MOJ Food Processing and Technology, 7(2), 44-47. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojfpt.2019.07.00218
CR  - Wang, H., Yan, H., Sun, L., Zhang, G., Wang, X., Ren, J. & Xu, iH. (2020). Novel stable QTLs identification for berry quality traits based on high-density genetic linkage map construction in table grape. BMC Plant Biology, 20(411), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02630-x
CR  - Zhang, C., Fan, X., Liu, C. & Fang, J. (2021). Anatomical berry characteristics during the development of grape berries with different shapes. Horticultural Plant Journal, 7(4), 295-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2021.04.002
CR  - Zoffoli, J. P. & Latorre, B. A. (2011). Postharvest biology and technology of tropical and subtropical fruits. 9-Table grape (Vitis vinifera L.). Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, 179-212. https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857092885.179
UR  - https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.2.9
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4719328
ER  -