@article{article_1675694, title={Microwave hydrodistillation of Poncirus trifoliata peels and essential oil profile: Greenness assessment}, journal={Turkish Journal of Analytical Chemistry}, volume={7}, pages={154–161}, year={2025}, DOI={10.51435/turkjac.1675694}, author={Gerçek, Yusuf Can}, keywords={P. trifoliata, wastewater, antioxidant, essential oil}, abstract={The study aimed to determine the profile of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation (MHD) and classical steam distillation (SD) methods and the bioactive potential of the wastewater produced in this process. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), while the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total proanthocyanidin (TPA) and total antioxidant capacity of the wastewater (aqueous phase) after distillation were determined by spectrophotometric methods. GC-MS analysis revealed that the main component of the essential oils obtained by both methods was limonene, but there were significant differences in the relative proportions of the components. The SD method yielded a higher proportion of monoterpene hydrocarbons (70.27%) and esters (8.59%), while the MHD method was more efficient in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (14.06%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (2.10%). In wastewater analysis, the wastewater obtained by SD method showed higher antioxidant capacity (with CUPRAC and CERAC) and higher TPC and TFC values compared to MHD. In addition, MHD (0.53 points) was found to be slightly more environmentally friendly than SD (0.49 points) in terms of energy consumption and sample size in the greenness assessment using the AGREEprep tool. In conclusion, it can be concluded that post-distillation wastewater is also a valuable source of bioactive compounds and the choice of method should be based on the targeted compound profile and the requirements of the application.}, number={2}, publisher={Miraç OCAK}