TY - JOUR T1 - Penalizing Environmental Harm: Merits, Limits and Alternatives TT - Çevresel Zararı Cezalandırma: Avantajlar, Sınırlamalar ve Alternatifler AU - Savaşan, Zerrin PY - 2025 DA - August Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.54699/andhd.1688562 JF - Anadolu Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi JO - AndHD PB - Anadolu University WT - DergiPark SN - 2687-394X SP - 551 EP - 572 VL - 11 IS - 2 LA - en AB - This article aims to take a substantive and tangible step towards bridging the aspects of International Environmental Law (IEL) and International Criminal Law (ICL) in responding to environmental harm. On this purpose, following a concise introduction to the aims of punishment and the justifications for penalties, the article firstly discusses the current approaches within the international system for penalizing and responding to environmental harm. It then critically analyzes the International Criminal Court (ICC) system, specifically its mechanisms for penalizing and responding to environmental harm, considering both its strengths and weaknesses. The analysis reveals that the ICC is not fully equipped with penalties or responses adequate for compensating environmental damage, primarily because its focus tends to be on the offender, rather than the victim. Afterwards, drawing upon alternative perspectives, the article offers several recommendations for relevant policy development and best practices. Finally, based on its findings, it underscores the importance of employing proactive, reactive and restorative tools within an ecocentric framework to develop a more robust structure equipped with more appropriate and effective penalties for adequately addressing environmental crime and the harm it engenders. KW - Ecocide KW - Ecocrime KW - Environmental Crimes KW - Environmental Harm KW - International Criminal Court KW - Punishment KW - Response N2 - Bu makale, çevreye verilen zarara karşılık verme hususunda Uluslararası Çevre Hukuku (UÇH) ve Uluslararası Ceza Hukuku (UCH) yönlerini birleştirmek için esaslı ve somut bir adım atmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, cezanın amaçları ve cezaların gerekçeleri hakkında kısa bir giriş yaptıktan sonra, makale öncelikle uluslararası sistemin çevresel zararı cezalandırma ve bu zarara karşılık verme konusundaki mevcut yollarını tartışmaktadır. Daha sonra, Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi (UCM) sistemini, özellikle çevresel zararı cezalandırma ve yanıtlama sistemini, hem yararları hem de sınırlarıyla sorgulamaktadır. Böylece, UCM’nin çevresel hasarı telafi etmek için gerekli cezalar/karşılıklarla donatılmadığını; odak noktasının suçludan ziyade mağdurda olması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. 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