TY  - JOUR
T1  - Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the marketing Passiflora incarnata L. formulations in Turkey
AU  - Çevik, Dicle
AU  - Güzelmeriç, Etil
AU  - Yeşilada, Erdem
PY  - 2025
DA  - June
JF  - Journal of Research in Pharmacy
JO  - J. Res. Pharm.
PB  - Marmara University
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2630-6344
SP  - 609
EP  - 619
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
LA  - en
AB  - assiflora incarnata L. (Passifloraceae) has been traditionally used to treat ailments such as dysmenorrhoea,insomnia, epilepsy and neuralgia. In this study, qualitative and quantitative analyses of P. incarnata products in theTurkish market were studied via High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and High-PerformanceLiquid Chromatography (HPLC) and vitexin, isovitexin, orientin and isoorientin were used as bioactive markercompounds. Seven herbal tea samples (T1-7) composing P. incarnata herb, eighteen capsules/tablets/powders (C1-18)and four syrups (S1-4) containing P. incarnata extract were purchased from pharmacies, markets, herbalists or e-commerce websites in Turkey. Comparing HPTLC fingerprinting profiles of the reference plant (P. incarnata) with thesamples indicated that only T1, C1-C3, C5, C7, C11, C12, C14, C15 and S1 showed similar chemical fingerprints withthe reference plant material. On the HPLC analysis, the total ratio of investigated compounds was 6.33% and 2.08% inhydroalcoholic (70% EtOH) and aqueous extracts of reference P. incarnata, respectively. Furthermore, hydroalcoholicextract of T1 was found to possess higher content (6.40%) than other tested tea samples (T2-6). However, based on themorphological characteristics, the tea sample (T7) was identified as Jerusalem thorn (Paliurus spina-christi) fruits. Amongthe food supplements (C1-18), only nine were determined to contain the reference molecules (3.301-0.827%), consistentwith HPTLC results, and C1 exerted the highest total percentage. To conclude, most of the marketing P. incarnataproducts in Turkey were adulterated or contained lower amounts of bioactive components.
KW  - Passiflora incarnata
KW  - Passifloraceae
KW  - High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography
KW  - High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
KW  - Quality control
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