TY - JOUR T1 - n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract AU - Şakul, Ayşe Arzu AU - Okur, Mehmet Evren AU - Karadağ, Ayşe Esra AU - Daylan, Benay AU - Güzel, Elif AU - Özdemir, Ekrem Musa AU - Günal, Mehmet Yalçın PY - 2025 DA - June JF - Journal of Research in Pharmacy JO - J. Res. Pharm. PB - Marmara University WT - DergiPark SN - 2630-6344 SP - 665 EP - 676 VL - 27 IS - 2 LA - en AB - Carduus adpressus has been used for its anti-hair loss effect in traditional folk medicine. The plant speciesis mainly distributed in Türkiye, Bulgaria, and the Western Caucasus. The studies on this specific plant in the genusCarduus is limited which remarks the significance of the current study. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial,antioxidant, and wound-healing properties of the methanolic extract of Carduus adpressus. Extract was obtained bymaceration. The broth microdilution assay was performed on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonasaeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays were performed to detect the antioxidantcapacity. Wound-healing activity was tested using alloxan-induced diabetic BALB-c mice. 4 groups, control, vehicle,CAE and Carduus adpressus groups were treated with the relative agent for 10 days. Extract demonstrated 62.5 μg/mLMIC against S. aureus and E. faecalis, and 125 μg/mL MIC against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. ABTS assay showed higherantioxidant activity compared to the DPPH assay. Carduus adpressus group demonstrated strong regeneration,epithelisation, and angiogenesis compared to the control group on day 10. Additionally, expression of PDGF, VEGF,and collagen formation was increased in the Carduus adpressus group compared to the control group on day 10. 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