TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Correlation Study that Reveals the Relationship Between Countries’ GDP, Frequency of Access to Clean Fuel, Level of PM2.5, and Death Rate Related to Air Pollution
TT  - Ülkelerin GSYİH’si, Temiz Yakıta Erişim Sıklığı, PM2.5 Düzeyi ve Hava Kirliliğine Bağlı Ölüm Hızı Arasındaki İlişkiyi Ortaya Çıkaran Bir Korelasyon Çalışması
AU  - Koçak, Cemal
PY  - 2024
DA  - October
Y2  - 2024
DO  - 10.4274/atfm.galenos.2024.91259
JF  - Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası
PB  - Ankara University
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 0365-8104
SP  - 258
EP  - 264
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
LA  - en
AB  - Objectives: Air pollution is one of biggest environmental health problems and is responsible for 11.7% of deaths. It was aimed at examining therelationship between gross domestic product (GDP), the percentage of access to clean fuels, PM2.5 level, air pollution death rates.Materials and Methods: This study is a correlational study. Data for 208 countries for 1990-2019 were accessed from “Our World in Data” webpage in April-May 2023. Comparisons were made according to World Bank income groups.Results: GDP per capita had a very strong positive correlation with percentage of access to clean/technological fuels (r=0.915), and a very strongnegative correlation with indoor air pollution death rate (r=-0.914). There was a moderate negative correlation between GDP per capita andPM2.5 (r=-0.470). The average PM2.5 level had a moderate negative correlation with percentage of access to clean/technological fuel (r=-0.445),a moderate positive correlation with indoor air pollution death rate (r=0.433), and a strong positive correlation with outdoor air pollution deathrate (r=0.602).Conclusion: The percentage of access to clean/technological fuels has increased over the years, indoor air pollution death rate has decreased. It hasbeen almost completely eradicated in high-income countries, but remains in low-income countries. By encouraging clean/technological heatingand cooking methods, indoor air pollution death rate will no longer be a problem in any country. On the other hand, outdoor air pollution deathrate is higher in countries with high PM2.5 levels. If policymakers reduce coal, oil consumption and prioritize clean energy, transportation, they canimprove air quality by lowering PM2.5 levels.
KW  - Indoor air pollution
KW  - outdoor air pollution
KW  - PM2.5
KW  - gross domestic product
KW  - clean fuel
KW  - World Bank country income groups
N2  - Amaç: Hava kirliliği en büyük çevre sağlığı sorunlarından biridir ve ölümlerin %11,7’sinden sorumludur. Gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla (GSYİH), temizyakıtlara erişim yüzdesi, PM2.5 düzeyi ve hava kirliliğinden ölüm hızları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma korelasyonel bir çalışmadır. Nisan-Mayıs 2023’te “Our World in Data” web sayfasından 1990-2019 için 208 ülkeye aitveriye ulaşıldı. Karşılaştırmalar Dünya Bankası gelir gruplarına göre yapıldı.Bulgular: Kişi başına düşen GSYİH, temiz/teknolojik yakıtlara erişim yüzdesi ile çok güçlü bir pozitif korelasyona (r=0,915) ve iç ortam hava kirliliğiölüm hızı ile çok güçlü bir negatif korelasyona (r=-0,914) sahipti. Kişi başına düşen GSYİH ile PM2,5 (r=-0,470) arasında orta düzeyde negatifkorelasyon vardı. Ortalama PM2.5 düzeyi, temiz/teknolojik yakıtlara erişim yüzdesi ile orta derecede negatif korelasyona (r=-0,445), iç ortam havakirliliği ölüm hızı ile orta derecede pozitif korelasyona (r=0,433) ve dış ortam hava kirliliği ölüm hızıyla güçlü pozitif korelasyona sahipti (r=0,602).Sonuç: Yıllar geçtikçe temiz/teknolojik yakıtlara erişim yüzdesi arttı, iç ortam hava kirliliği ölüm hızı azaldı. Bu hız yüksek gelirli ülkelerde neredeysetamamen ortadan kaldırıldı, ancak düşük gelirli ülkelerde varlığını sürdürüyor. Temiz/teknolojik ısıtma ve pişirme yöntemlerinin teşvik edilmesiyleiç ortam hava kirliliğinden ölüm hızı artık hiçbir ülkede sorun olmayacak. Öte yandan PM2.5 seviyesinin yüksek olduğu ülkelerde dış ortam havakirliliğinden ölüm hızı daha yüksektir. Politika yapıcılar kömür ve petrol tüketimini azaltır ve temiz enerji ile ulaşıma öncelik verirlerse PM2.5seviyelerini düşürerek hava kalitesini artırabilirler
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.4274/atfm.galenos.2024.91259
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4909339
ER  -