TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Identification and Virulence of Leaf Diseases on Turfgrass Areas in Türkiye AU - Ünal, Filiz AU - Eğerci, Yeşim PY - 2025 DA - November Y2 - 2025 JF - International Journal of Agriculture Forestry and Life Sciences JO - Int J Agric For Life Sci PB - Volkan OKATAN WT - DergiPark SN - 2602-4381 SP - 53 EP - 58 VL - 9 IS - 2 LA - en AB - It is important to investigate the causes of disorders such as drying, yellowing, curling and stunting in turfgrass plants widely used in many areas today, and to maintain the original color of the turfgrass plant and to sustain these areas in a healthy and durable way. One of the most important factors that cause damage to turfgrass is leaf diseases. In this study, 290 leaf samples with disease symptoms such as leaf yellowing, spotting and blight were collected from turfgrass areas consisting of recreation areas, parks, stadiums, picnic areas and refuges in the provinces of İzmir, Ankara, Kayseri, İstanbul, Antalya, Aydın, Muğla and Bursa. As a result of the isolations and DNA sequence analyses made from these leaves, 2216 isolates belonging to the genera Curvularia, Bipolaris, Exserohilum, Colletotrichum, Pyricularia, Leptosphaeria, Ascochyta, Didymella, Pestalotiopsis, Myrothecium, Phoma and Diplodia were obtained. The most isolated fungus in the study was Phoma herbarum. The disease severity values of all isolated isolates were determined in petri dishes and greenhouse conditions. In the pathogenicity studies conducted in the greenhouse, the most virulent leaf pathogens were determined to be Bipolaris sorokiniana and B. cynodontis with 98% disease severity value. KW - Turfgrass KW - leaf diseases KW - Bipolaris KW - Curvularia KW - pathogenicity CR - Beirn, L. A., Wang, R., Clarke, B. B., Crouch, J. A. (2015). Development of a greenhouse-based inoculation protocol for the fungus Colletotrichum cereale pathogenic to annual bluegrass (Poa annua). PeerJ, DOI 10.7717/peerj.1153 10. CR - Brecht, M. O., Stiles, C. M., Datnoff, L. E. (2007). Evaluation of pathogenicity of Bipolaris and Curvularia spp. on dwarf and ultradwarf bermudagrasses in Florida. Online. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-2007-0119-02-RS. CR - Little, E. L. (2017). Georgia plant disease loss estimates. Univ. Ga. 2019, 102–110, 1–21 CR - Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., Maniatis, T. (1989). Molecular cloning: A Laboratory manual, 2nd edition. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, pp. 1659. CR - Smiley, W. R., Dernoeden, H., Clarke, B. B. (2005). “Compendium of Turfgrass Diseases” (Third Edition). American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN., 167p. CR - Stackhouse, T., Martinez-Espinoza, A. D., Ali M. E. (2020). Turfgrass disease diagnosis: past, present, and future. Plants. 9(11):1544. doi:10.3390/plants9111544. CR - Stowell, L., Gelernter, W. (2001). Diagnosis of turfgrass diseases. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 39, 135–155. CR - Townsend, G. K., Heuberger, J. W. (1943). Methods for Estimating Losses Caused by Diseases in Fungicide Experiments. Plant Dis. Reptr., 27, 340-343. CR - Ünal, F., Tülek, S., Bingöl, M.Ü., Öztürk, Ö., Eğerci, Y., Kurbetli, İ., Canpolat, S., Sarpkaya,. K., Ünlü, A., Dolar, F.S. (2020). Identification and pathogenicity studies of white clover (Trifolium repense L.) fungi on turfgrass areas in Turkey. Plant Protect Bull. 60(1):63–69. doi: 10.16955/bitkorb.574000. CR - Ünal, F., Tülek, S. (2023). qPCR analysis of Puccinia spp. in turfgrass areas in Türkiye. Plant Protect Bull. 63 (4), 66 -70. CR - White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S., Taylor, J.W. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications, eds. Innis, MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ. Academic Press, Inc., New York. pp. 315-322. CR - Yıldız, F., Yıldız M., Delen N. (1990). The Preliminary Studies on The Turfgrass Diseases in Turkey. The Jounal of Turkish Phytopathology, 19 (1): 21-29. CR - Yılmaz, A., Boyraz N. (2007). Konya Yeşil Alanlarındaki Çimlerde Abiotik ve Biotik Kaynaklı Kurumaların Nedenleri, Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21 (41): 123-131 UR - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ijafls/issue//1715569 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4941411 ER -