TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the effect of EMDR therapy on psychosomatic symptoms and early malaptive schemas: An analysis of 5 cases AU - Güler, Kahraman AU - Baysal, Elif Fulya PY - 2025 DA - September Y2 - 2025 DO - 10.18621/eurj.1723165 JF - The European Research Journal JO - Eur Res J PB - Prusa Medical Publishing WT - DergiPark SN - 2149-3189 SP - 1 EP - 11 LA - en AB - Objectives: This study examined the effects of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy on psychosomatic symptoms and early maladaptive schemas. Methods: This study used a single-group pretest-posttest multiple case design, conducted without a control group. Five voluntary participants aged 18 and over were selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected through a Demographic Information Form, the Young Schema Questionnaire, and the Somatization Scale(33 items, derived from the MMPI). Results: All participants showed decreases in early maladaptive schemas and psychosomatic symptoms after EMDR therapy, indicating its effectiveness in reducing both cognitive and somatic distress. Conclusions: EMDR therapy appears effective in alleviating psychosomatic symptoms and maladaptive schemas. These findings support its clinical use and highlight the need for further research with larger samples. KW - EMDR KW - psychosomatic symptom KW - early maladaptive schemas KW - psychosomatization CR - 1. Young JE. Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders: A Schema-Focused Approach (Practitioner’s Resourse Series). 3rd ed., Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange; 1999. CR - 2. Lehnung, M. Treating Belief Systems with EMDR Therapy. In: Hofmann A, Ostacoli L, Lehnung M, Hase M, Luber M. Editors. Treating Depression with EMDR Therapy: Techniques and Interventions, 1st ed., Springer Publishing. 2022: pp. 109-120. CR - 3.Shapiro F. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2018. CR - 4. Amano T, Toichi M. The Role of Alternating Bilateral Stimulation in Establishing Positive Cognition in EMDR Therapy: A Multi-Channel Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0162735. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162735. CR - 5. Mares L. Unconscious processes in psychoanalysis, CBT, and schema therapy. J Psychother Integr. 2022;32(4):443-455. doi: 10.1037/int0000306. CR - 6. Rafaeli E, Bernstein DP, Young JE. Schema Therapy: Distinctive Features. 1st ed. London: Routledge; 2010. CR - 7. Young JE, Klosko JS, Weishaar ME. Schema Therapy: A Practitioner’s Guide. New York: Guilford Press; 2006. CR - 8. Van Rood YR, De Roos C. EMDR in the treatment of medically unexplained symptoms: a systematic review. J EMDR Pract Res. 2009;3(4):248-263. doi: 10.1891/1933-3196.3.4.248. CR - 9. Tesarz J, Wicking M, Bernardy K, Seidler GH. EMDR therapy's efficacy in the treatment of pain. J EMDR Pract Res. 2019;13(4):337-344. doi: 10.1891/1933-3196.13.4.337.601. CR - 10. Dozois DJA, Rnic K. Core beliefs and self-schematic structure in depression. Curr Opin Psychol. 2015;4:98-103. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.12.008. CR - 11. Şata M. Nicel araştırma yaklaşımları. In: Oğuz E, editör. Eğitimde araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Eğiten Kitap Yayınları; 2020. p. 77-90. CR - 12. Büyüköztürk Ş. Deneysel Desenler: Öntest-Sontest Kontrol Grubu Desen ve Veri Analizi [Experimental Designs: Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design and Data Analysis], 11th ed.. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık; 2025. [Book in Turkish] CR - 13. Soygüt G, Karaosmanoğlu A, Cakir Z. Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Semalarin Değerlendirilmesi: Young Sema Olçeği Kisa Form-3'ün Psikometrik Ozelliklerine Ilişkin Bir Inceleme [Assessment of early maladaptive schemas: a psychometric study of the Turkish young schema questionnaire-short form-3]. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2009;20(1):75-84. [Article in Turkish]. CR - 14. Konuk E, Epözdemir H, Atçeken ŞH, Aydın YE, Yurtsever A. EMDR Treatment of Migraine. J EMDR Pract Res. 2011;5(4):166-176. doi: 10.1891/1933-3196.5.4.166. CR - 15. Henker J, Keller A, Reiss N, Siepmann M, Croy I, Weidner K. Early maladaptive schemas in patients with somatoform disorders and somatization. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2019;26(4):418-429. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2343. UR - https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.1723165 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/4974286 ER -