TY  - JOUR
T1  - Enhancing the yield of emodin from Cassia alata L. leaves using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction
AU  - Mun`im, Abdul
AU  - Tirtanirmala, Prisnu
AU  - Firdayani, Firdayani
PY  - 2025
DA  - July
Y2  - 2024
DO  - 10.12991/jrespharm.1734670
JF  - Journal of Research in Pharmacy
JO  - J. Res. Pharm.
PB  - Marmara University
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2630-6344
SP  - 1551
EP  - 1561
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
LA  - en
AB  - Emodin is a bioactive compound found in Cassia alata leaves, which has several pharmacological effects.However, the current extraction methods for these leaves produce a low yield of emodin. Deep eutectic solvent (DES),with their numerous advantages, could be a strategy to increase the yield of emodin during the extraction process. Theobjective of this research was to enhance the yield of emodin from the extraction of Cassia alata leaves using DES. Afterevaluating various DES combinations, the selected DES was found to be lactic acid:choline chloride (2:1). To determineoptimal extraction conditions, response surface methodology with Box Behnken Design was employed. The resultsindicate that the highest total anthraquinone content was obtained at extraction temperature of 53°C, extraction time of19 minutes, and a solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:20 g/mL. Additionally, partial method validation was conducted for thequantification of emodin in Cassia alata leaves using LC-UV instrumentation. The validated method employed thefollowing conditions: isocratic mobile phase of 2% acetic acid:methanol (30:70), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, wavelength of288 nm, and C-18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm). The emodin and total anthraquinone content in the Cassia alata leafextract using the selected DES were higher compared to ethanol extract using the same extraction method. In conclusion,the DES solvent (lactic acid:choline chloride in molar ratio 2:1) can be utilized as an alternative solvent in the extractionof Cassia alata leaves, which is more effective and efficient in enhancing emodin yield compared to conventional ethanolsolvents.
KW  - Senna alata
KW  - anthraquinone
KW  - response surface methodology
KW  - HPLC
KW  - green extraction
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.12991/jrespharm.1734670
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5022286
ER  -