TY  - JOUR
T1  - HEALTH OR FREE TRADE? AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONFLICTS BETWEEN TOBACCO CONTROL AND FREE TRADE
TT  - SAĞLIK MI SERBEST TICARET MI? TÜTÜN KONTROLÜ VE SERBEST TİCARET ARASINDAKİ İHTILAFLAR ÜZERINE BIR ANALİZ
AU  - Kuş, Sebahattin
PY  - 2025
DA  - November
Y2  - 2025
DO  - 10.58658/kaypod.1754317
JF  - Kamu Yönetimi ve Politikaları Dergisi
JO  - JPAP
PB  - Cenay BABAOĞLU
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2717-9729
SP  - 425
EP  - 454
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
LA  - en
AB  - This article aims to examine the conflicts between tobacco control policies and free trade. The tobacco industry creates a constant tension between health policies and economic interests. World Trade Organization trade agreements such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (ATT), Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) do not adequately protect tobacco control measures from trade-based threats and these agreements aim to reduce trade barriers, increase competition, lower prices and encourage consumption. Tobacco control measures, on the other hand, seek to reduce market entry and consumption, raise prices, and restrict advertising and promotion in order to reduce health and social problems. The study analyzes the effects of tobacco control measures on trade agreements and the ways to resolve these disputes. It also assesses the balance between the tobacco industry's economic contributions and health costs. The adverse health effects of tobacco use have long been recognized. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other health organizations have proposed various control measures to reduce tobacco use. However, the economic interests of the tobacco industry and international trade agreements pose challenges to the implementation of these control measures. The article examines the complex relationship between tobacco control and trade disputes and its implications for global policies. It is qualitative research based on the analysis and evaluation of legal and administrative texts related to tobacco control policies and free trade.
KW  - Tobacco Control
KW  - Public Health Policies
KW  - International Trade Agreements
KW  - International Conventions
N2  - Bu makale, tütün kontrolü politikaları ve ticaret ihtilafları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Tütün endüstrisi, sağlık politikaları ile ekonomik çıkarlar arasında sürekli bir gerilim yaratmaktadır. Tarifeler ve Ticaret Genel Anlaşması (GATT), Ticarette Teknik Engeller Anlaşması (TTE), Ticaretle Bağlantılı Fikri Mülkiyet Hakları (TRIPS), Hizmet Ticareti Genel Anlaşması (GATS) gibi Dünya Ticaret Örgütü ticaret anlaşmaları, ticaret tabanlı tehditlerden tütün kontrol önlemlerini yeterince korumamakta ve bu anlaşmalar ticari engelleri azaltmak, rekabeti artırmak, fiyatları düşürmek ve tüketimi teşvik etmek amacını taşırlar. Diğer yandan tütün kontrol önlemleri ise sağlık ve sosyal sorunları azaltmak amacıyla pazara giriş ve tüketimi azaltmayı, fiyatları yükseltmeyi ve reklam ve özendirmeyi kısıtlama hedefini gerçekleştirmeye çalışır. Çalışma, tütün kontrol önlemlerinin ticaret anlaşmaları üzerindeki etkilerini ve bu ihtilafların çözümünde izlenen yolları analiz etmektedir. Ayrıca, tütün endüstrisinin ekonomik katkıları ve sağlık maliyetleri arasındaki dengeyi değerlendirmektedir. Tütün kullanımının sağlık üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri uzun süredir bilinmektedir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) ve diğer sağlık kuruluşları, tütün kullanımını azaltmak için çeşitli kontrol önlemleri önermiştir. Bununla birlikte, tütün endüstrisinin ekonomik çıkarları ve uluslararası ticaret anlaşmaları, bu kontrol önlemlerinin uygulanmasında zorluklar yaratmaktadır. Makale, tütün kontrolü ve ticaret ihtilafları arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi ve bu ilişkinin küresel politikalara olan etkilerini incelemektedir. Tütün kontrolü politikaları ve serbest ticaret konusu ile ilgili hukuki ve idari metinlerin incelenip değerlendirilmesine dayalı nitel bir araştırmadır.
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.58658/kaypod.1754317
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5105512
ER  -