@article{article_1767200, title={Developments in Calcium Propionate Production for Sustainability}, journal={Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi}, volume={12}, pages={781–800}, year={2025}, DOI={10.35193/bseufbd.1767200}, author={Akın, Muhammed Bora}, keywords={Calcium Propionate, Sustainable Production, Green Chemistry, Fermentation, Enzymatic Conversion, Waste Valorization}, abstract={Calcium propionate is widely used as a preservative in both the food and feed industries due to its antifungal effectiveness, safety, and nutritional properties. Traditionally, it is produced through the neutralization of propionic acid with calcium hydroxide. This method is economically advantageous and technically straightforward. However, growing concerns regarding sustainability and environmental performance have led to the search for greener production approaches. Current research focuses on methods such as chemical synthesis, direct neutralization, biotechnological fermentation, electrochemical synthesis, waste valorization, and enzymatic conversion. This review compiles data from scientific and technical literature and examines these methods by considering key criteria, such as scalability, economic feasibility, environmental impact, process complexity, and product quality. The findings reveal that chemical synthesis and direct neutralization remain the most practical and cost-effective methods. However, biotechnological fermentation and waste valorization approaches clearly demonstrate the highest levels of sustainability and environmental performance, indicating significant progress toward green manufacturing. Nevertheless, although fermentation and enzymatic conversion processes reduce environmental impact and support low-carbon, circular production models, they still face challenges in terms of efficiency and scalability. Additionally, electrochemical synthesis and waste valorization methods are promising due to their energy efficiency and potential for resource recovery, while enzymatic methods stand out for their high product selectivity and mild reaction conditions. Overall, this study has been written as a literature-based decision support tool for anyone interested in calcium propionate production, aiming to identify or develop more sustainable, resource-efficient, and environmentally responsible calcium propionate production technologies.}, number={2}, publisher={Bilecik Seyh Edebali University}