TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fetal pancreatic, hepatic, and adipose tissue measurements in maternal diabetes mellitus: an observational cross-sectional study
AU  - Ersan, Fırat
AU  - Alpay, Verda
AU  - Kurt Bilirer, Kübra
AU  - Boza, Barış
AU  - Erenel, Hakan
PY  - 2026
DA  - March
Y2  - 2026
DO  - 10.47582/jompac.1873615
JF  - Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care
JO  - J Med Palliat Care / JOMPAC / jompac
PB  - MediHealth Academy Yayıncılık
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2717-7505
SP  - 225
EP  - 231
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
LA  - en
AB  - Aims: To assess the effects of maternal diabetes mellitus on fetal organ development through ultrasonographic assessment of pancreatic circumference, liver length, and subcutaneous fat thickness in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pregestational diabetes mellitus (PreGDM), and normal pregnancies. A secondary objective is to evaluate the fetal pancreas-to-liver ratio as a novel marker of the relative effects of maternal diabetes on different organs.Methods: This prospective comparative study included 126 pregnant women divided into three groups: GDM (n=42), PreGDM (n=42), and control (n=42). Ultrasonographic measurements of fetal pancreatic circumference, liver length, and subcutaneous fat thickness were obtained between 28 and 36 weeks of gestation. Maternal demographic characteristics and birth parameters were collected from all participants. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance for detecting GDM.  Results: Significant differences were observed in all fetal organ measurements between diabetic and control groups. Fetal pancreatic circumference was increased in both GDM (90.8±19.2 mm) and PreGDM (90.4±17.0 mm) compared to controls (81.0±9.8 mm, p=0.007). Fetal liver length showed a significant increase in GDM (53.4±12.2 mm) and PreGDM (51.2±9.6 mm) versus controls (44.5±5.6 mm, p
KW  - Gestational diabetes mellitus
KW  - pregestational diabetes mellitus
KW  - fetal pancreas
KW  - fetal liver
KW  - ultrasound
KW  - prenatal 
diagnosis
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1873615
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5650338
ER  -