TY - JOUR T1 - Aksaray Yöresine Ait Volkanik Tüf Taşının Onarımında Biyomineralizasyon Yönteminin Etkisinin İncelenmesi TT - Effect of the Biomineralization Method on the Repair of Volcanic Tuff Stone from the Aksaray Region AU - Sancar Kayabaşi, Mehtap AU - Ural, Ali AU - Önal Darılmaz, Derya PY - 2026 DA - June Y2 - 2026 DO - 10.29002/asujse.1900740 JF - Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering JO - Aksaray J. Sci. Eng. PB - Aksaray University WT - DergiPark SN - 2587-1277 SP - 1 EP - 10 VL - 10 IS - 1 LA - tr AB - Tarihi yapılar, geçmişten günümüze ulaşan kültürel ve mimari birikimin önemli bir parçasını oluşturmakta ve toplumların tarihsel sürekliliğini yansıtmaktadır. Bu yapıların korunması ve özgün nitelikleriyle gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Aksaray ve çevre illerde tarihi yapılarda yaygın olarak kullanılan volkanik tüf taşı üzerinde oluşturulan çatlakların, biyomineralizasyon yöntemi kullanılarak onarılabilirliği incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında biyomineralizasyon potansiyeline sahip Bacillus cereus RSKK 683 ve Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 bakterileri kullanılarak, mikroorganizma kaynaklı kalsiyum karbonat (CaCO₃) oluşumu yoluyla çatlak kapatma davranışları değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulama sonrası elde edilen veriler; optik mikroskop görüntüleri ile birlikte taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve enerji dağılımlı X-ışını analizi (EDAX) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, her iki bakteri türünün de CaCO₃ oluşumu yoluyla çatlakların doldurulmasına katkı sağladığını ve biyomineralizasyon yönteminin volkanik tüf taşı gibi doğal yapı malzemelerinin korunmasında uygulanabilir bir onarım yaklaşımı sunduğunu göstermektedir. KW - Bakteriyel Biyomineralizasyon KW - Kalsiyum Karbonat Çökelimi KW - Çatlak Onarımı KW - Mikro-Çatlaklar KW - Kendi Kendine İyileşme N2 - Historical structures represent an important part of cultural and architectural heritage that has been transferred from the past to the present, reflecting the historical continuity of societies. The conservation of these structures and their transmission to future generations while preserving their original characteristics is therefore of great importance. In this study, the applicability of a biomineralization-based repair approach for sealing cracks formed on volcanic tuff stone, which is widely used in historical structures in Aksaray and surrounding regions, was investigated. Within the scope of the study, Bacillus cereus RSKK 683 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, known for their biomineralization potential, were used to evaluate crack-healing behavior through microbially induced calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) precipitation. The results were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The findings indicate that both bacterial strains contributed to crack filling through CaCO₃ formation, demonstrating that biomineralization is a feasible and environmentally friendly repair approach for the conservation of natural building stones such as volcanic tuff. CR - Achal, V., Mukherjee, A., & Reddy, M. S. (2011). Microbial concrete: Way to enhance the durability of building structures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 23(6), 730–734. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000159 CR - De Muynck, W., De Belie, N., & Verstraete, W. (2010). Microbial carbonate precipitation in construction materials: A review. Ecological Engineering, 36(2), 118–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.02.006 CR - Ivanov, V., & Chu, J. (2008). Applications of microorganisms to geotechnical engineering for bioclogging and biocementation of soil in situ. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 7(2), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-007-9126-3 CR - Stocks-Fischer, S., Galinat, J. K., & Bang, S. S. (1999). Microbiological precipitation of CaCO3. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31(11), 1563–1571. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00082-6 CR - Qabany, A. Al, & Soga, K. (2013). Effect of chemical treatment used in MICP on engineering properties of cemented soils. Géotechnique, 63(4), 331–339. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.SIP13.P.022 CR - Cheng, L., Cord-Ruwisch, R., & Shahin, M. A. (2013). Cementation of sand soil by microbially induced calcite precipitation at various degrees of saturation. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 50(1), 81–90. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0023 CR - Seifan, M., Samani, A. K., & Berenjian, A. (2016). Bioconcrete: next generation of self-healing concrete. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 100(6), 2591–2602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7316-z CR - De Belie, N., & Wang, J. (2016). Bacteria-based repair and self-healing of concrete. Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials, 5(1–2), 35–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2015.1077754 CR - Henry, A. (2015). Stone conservation: Principles and practice. Routledge, New York, USA. CR - Doehne, E., & Price, C. A. (2011). Stone conservation: An overview of current research. Getty Publications, Los Angeles, California. CR - Grossi, C. M., & Brimblecombe, P. (2007). Effect of long-term changes in air pollution and climate on the decay and blackening of European stone buildings. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 271(1), 117–130. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.2007.271.01.13 CR - Siegesmund, S., & Snethlage, R. (2014). Stone in architecture: Properties, durability (S. Siegesmund & R. Snethlage, Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45155-3 CR - Fort, R., Alvarez de Buergo, M., Perez-Monserrat, E. M., Gomez-Heras, M., Jose Varas-Muriel, M., & Freire, D. M. (2013). Evolution in the use of natural building stone in Madrid, Spain. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 46(4), 421–429. https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2012-041 CR - Topal, T., & Doyuran, V. (1997). Engineering geological properties and durability assessment of the Cappadocian tuff. Engineering Geology, 47(1–2), 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00017-3 CR - Rodriguez-Navarro, C., Rodriguez-Gallego, M., Ben Chekroun, K., & Gonzalez-Muñoz, M. T. (2003). Conservation of ornamental stone by Myxococcus xanthus- induced carbonate biomineralization. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69(4), 2182–2193. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.4.2182-2193.2003 CR - Jimenez-Lopez, C., Jroundi, F., Pascolini, C., Rodriguez-Navarro, C., Piñar-Larrubia, G., Rodriguez-Gallego, M., & González-Muñoz, M. T. (2008). Consolidation of quarry calcarenite by calcium carbonate precipitation induced by bacteria activated among the microbiota inhabiting the stone. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 62(4), 352–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2008.03.002 CR - Castro-Alonso, M. J., Montañez-Hernandez, L. E., Sanchez-Muñoz, M. A., Macias Franco, M. R., Narayanasamy, R., & Balagurusamy, N. (2019). Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) and its potential in bioconcrete: Microbiological and molecular concepts. Frontiers in Materials, 6, 126. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2019.00126 CR - Tiano, P., Biagiotti, L., & Mastromei, G. (1999). Bacterial bio-mediated calcite precipitation for monumental stones conservation: Methods of evaluation. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 36(1–2), 139–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(99)00019-6 CR - Le Métayer-Levrel, G., Castanier, S., Orial, G., Loubière, J.-F., & Perthuisot, J.-P. (1999). Applications of bacterial carbonatogenesis to the protection and regeneration of limestones in buildings and historic patrimony. Sedimentary Geology, 126(1–4), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0037-0738(99)00029-9 CR - Dupraz, C., Reid, R. P., Braissant, O., Decho, A. W., Norman, R. S., & Visscher, P. T. (2009). Processes of carbonate precipitation in modern microbial mats. Earth-Science Reviews, 96(3), 141–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.10.005 CR - Zhu, T., & Dittrich, M. (2016). Carbonate precipitation through microbial activities in natural environment, and their potential in biotechnology: A review. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 4, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2016.00004 CR - Sancar, M. (2018). Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gergi çubuk bağlantı tiplerinin taş kemerler üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi. Aksaray Üniversitesi Fen ve Uygulama Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Aksaray CR - Warscheid, T., & Braams, J. (2000). Biodeterioration of stone: A review. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 46(4), 343–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00109-8 CR - Jonkers, H. M., & Schlangen, E. (2007). Self-healing of cracked concrete: A bacterial approach. In High-Performance Concrete, Brick-Masonry and Environmental Aspects (pp. 1821–1826). CRC Press, London. CR - Wang, J. Y., Snoeck, D., Van Vlierberghe, S., Verstraete, W., & De Belie, N. (2014). Application of hydrogel encapsulated carbonate precipitating bacteria for approaching a realistic self-healing in concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 68, 110–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.018 CR - Scheerer, S., Ortega‐Morales, O., & Gaylarde, C. (2009). Chapter 5 Microbial deterioration of stone monuments—An updated overview. In Advances in Applied Microbiology (pp. 97–139). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2164(08)00805-8 CR - Sohail, M. G., Disi, Z. Al, Zouari, N., Nuaimi, N. Al, Kahraman, R., Gencturk, B., Rodrigues, D. F., & Yildirim, Y. (2022). Bio self-healing concrete using MICP by an indigenous Bacillus cereus strain isolated from Qatari soil. Construction and Building Materials, 328, 126943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126943 CR - Ghosh, S., Biswas, M., Chattopadhyay, B. D., & Mandal, S. (2009). Microbial activity on the microstructure of bacteria modified mortar. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(2), 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.01.001 CR - Dhami, N. K., Reddy, M. S., & Mukherjee, A. (2013). Biomineralization of calcium carbonates and their engineered applications: a review. Frontiers in Microbiology, 4, 314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00314 CR - Achal, V., Pan, X., & Özyurt, N. (2011). Improved strength and durability of fly ash-amended concrete by microbial calcite precipitation. Ecological Engineering, 37(4), 554–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.11.009 CR - De Belie, N., Wang, J., Bundur, Z. B., & Paine, K. (2018). Bacteria-based concrete. In Eco-Efficient Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete Infrastructures (pp. 531–567). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102181-1.00019-8 CR - Tezer, M. M., & Başaran Bundur, Z. (2021). Development of a 2-phase bio-additive for self-healing cement-based materials. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 36(3), 1171–1184. https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.695637 CR - Reyad, A. M., & Mokhtar, G. (2023). Impact of the immobilized Bacillus cereus MG708176 on the characteristics of the bio-based self-healing concrete. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 500. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27640-1 CR - Wang, J. Y., De Belie, N., & Verstraete, W. (2012). Diatomaceous earth as a protective vehicle for bacteria applied for self-healing concrete. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 39(4), 567–577. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-011-1037-1 CR - Chahal, N., Siddique, R., & Rajor, A. (2012). Influence of bacteria on the compressive strength, water absorption and rapid chloride permeability of concrete incorporating silica fume. Construction and Building Materials, 37, 645–651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.07.029 CR - Achal, V., Mukherjee, A., Basu, P. C., & Reddy, M. S. (2009). Strain improvement of Sporosarcina pasteurii for enhanced urease and calcite production. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, 36(7), 981–988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-009-0578-z UR - https://doi.org/10.29002/asujse.1900740 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5772244 ER -