@article{article_267717, title={Macedonian Question and Western Intervention (1902-1905)}, journal={Bilig}, pages={1–28}, year={2014}, author={Bayraktar, Kaya}, keywords={Macedonia, Ottoman, Reform, Bulgaria, Vilayet-i Selase}, abstract={The Macedonian Question has been treated as a part of the
Eastern Question. Being a mosaic of various religious, linguistic
and cultural groups, one can see on the Macedonian lands
not only the recent phenomena such as nationalization, urbanization,
revolutionary movements and European style education
that came into existence following the industrial revolution,
but also inter-religious disputes, battles among doctrines,
tragic massacres, sad migrations and social and economic under-development.
Started with the Bulgarian aim to unite
Macedonia with Bulgaria, the problem of Macedonia was
transformed into a gang war. European governments, standing
ready to partition Ottoman lands at a convenient time, intervened
in the problem by selling weapons of war to gangs
and Balkan states at some times, and creating debtor states in
the Balkans at another. On the other hand, the Ottoman government
was trying to reorganize state administration on the
financial, military and judicial fields, due to necessity for itself
and in order to prevent European interventions that could
lead to autonomy.}, number={69}, publisher={Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University}