@article{article_281333, title={The Influence of Skidding Operations on Forest Soil Properties and Soil Compaction in Bartin, Turkey}, journal={European Journal of Forest Engineering}, volume={1}, pages={1–8}, year={2015}, author={Bolat, İlyas and Melemez, Kenan and Ozer, Davut}, keywords={Forestry,Forest soil,Harvesting,Skidding,Soil compaction,Tractor road}, abstract={<p> <span style="font-size:12px;"> </span> </p> <p style="margin:0px;text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-size:12px;"> </span> <br /> </p> <p style="margin:0px;text-align:justify;"> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:12px;" xml:lang="en-gb">Mechanized
harvesting operations yield high productivity; however, it damages forest soils
seriously. </span> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:12px;" xml:lang="en-gb">The objective of this
study is to determine the impacts of skidding operations on </span> <b> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:12px;" xml:lang="en-gb"> </span> </b> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:10pt;" xml:lang="en-gb"> <span style="font-size:12px;">topsoil physical and chemical properties at four
different forest floors (tractor road, skid trail, harvesting area and
undisturbed area) after a harvesting season. Also, the relationship between
soil compaction and soil moisture of these areas were analysed. Soil compaction
was estimated with the values of topsoil penetration resistance on two soil
depth layers (0-5 and 5-10 cm). In total, 24 soil samples were taken to the
laboratory for some physical and chemical analyses. Three soil moisture levels
were delineated for the different forest floor areas ranging from 28% to 54%.
Significant negative correlation between penetration resistance and bulk
density, soil pH and calcium carbonate and significant positive correlation
between penetration resistance and organic C, total N and C </span> <sub> <font face="Arial" size="2"> <span style="font-size:12px;">org </span> </font> </sub> <span style="font-size:12px;">/N </span> <sub> <font face="Arial" size="2"> <span style="font-size:12px;">total </span> </font> </sub> <span style="font-size:12px;">
ratio were found. It was determined that four study sites shared similar
features all having heavy clay (53.5-65.2%) soils. According to soil analysis,
the lowest bulk density value (0.89 </span> </span> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:10pt;" xml:lang="en-gb"> <span style="font-size:12px;">g/cm </span> <sup> <font face="Arial" size="2"> <span style="font-size:12px;">3 </span> </font> </sup> </span> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:12px;" xml:lang="en-gb">) was found in harvesting area and the highest
bulk density value (1.15 </span> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:10pt;" xml:lang="en-gb"> <span style="font-size:12px;">g/cm </span> <sup> <font face="Arial" size="2"> <span style="font-size:12px;">3 </span> </font> </sup> </span> <span lang="en-gb" style="margin:0px;font-size:12px;" xml:lang="en-gb">) was found on the tractor road. Also, the
highest content of organic C was found on the skid trail as 5.57% and the
lowest content of organic C was on the tractor road as 1.52%. As the soil
moisture content increases when penetration resistance decreases, mechanized
harvesting operations should be arranged according to precipitation and soil
moisture. </span> </p> <p style="margin:0px;text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-size:12px;"> </span> <br /> </p>}, number={1}, publisher={Forest Engineering and Technologies Platform}