TY - JOUR T1 - Revisiting the Turkish Military and European Union Reforms: 1999-2005 TT - TSK ve AB Reformlarını Yeniden Gözden Geçirmek: 1999-2005 AU - Bardakçı, Mehmet PY - 2018 DA - January Y2 - 2017 JF - Lectio Socialis JO - Lectio PB - Emrah Konuralp WT - DergiPark SN - 2602-2443 SP - 6 EP - 15 VL - 2 IS - 1 LA - en AB - The military’s omnipotent role in Turkish politicallife following the establishment of the Turkish Republic developed into one ofthe most significant characteristics of the Turkish political landscape. Thearmed forces gained significant privileges and strengthened their autonomy withinthe multi-party era, which saw three coups. However, the EU’s 1999 HelsinkiSummit brought about a paradigmatic change in the status of the military,shifting the balance of power in favor of civilians. This piece throws light onthe developments that contributed to changing the role of the military inTurkish politics, and details the many factors that contributed to its more receptiveapproach to the EU democratization reforms. These include the momentum gainedin Turkey’s EU accession bid after its declaration as a candidate country in1999, the AKP government’s reformist and conciliatory stance, Chief of StaffGeneral Hilmi Özkök’s adoption of a more liberal version of Kemalism, the maintenanceof the guardianship role of the military in the political system, and theemergence of a political environment that was conducive to democratization. KW - the AKP KW - the military KW - EU democratization reform N2 - Türk siyasi hayatında ordunun kuvvetli rolü Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasından beri Türksiyasal sisteminin önemli özelliklerinden birisidir. Silahlı Kuvvetler üç darbeye şahit olan çokpartili dönemde Türk siyasi sisteminde önemli ayrıcalıklar elde etmiş ve otonomisini genişletmiş-tir. Bununla birlikte AB’nin 1999 Helsinki Zirvesi ordunun statüsünde paradigmatik bir değişiklikmeydana getirerek güç dengesini siviller lehine değiştirmiştir. Bu makale Türk siyasetinde ordu-nun değişen rolüne katkı yapan gelişmelerin üzerinde durmaktadır. Bir dizi faktörün ordunun ABdemokratikleşme reformlarına karşı izin veren bir tutum izlemesinde rolü olduğunu ileri sürmekte-dir. Bunlar Türkiye’nin AB aday ülke ilan edilmesinden sonra Türkiye’nin AB üyelik perspekti ninhız kazanması, AKP hükümetinin reformist ve uzlaşmacı tutumu, Genelkurmay Başkanı GeneralHilmi Özkök’ün Kemalizm’in liberal bir şeklini benimsemesi, siyasi sistemde ordunun vesayet ro-lünün korunması ve demokratikleşmeye uygun bir siyasi sistemin bulunmasıdır. CR - Berkan, İ. (1999). “Kıvrıkoğlu Herşeyi Anlattı” (Kıvrıkoğlu told everything). Radikal. [09.10.2004]. 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