TY  - JOUR
TT  - A COMPARISON OF ECHO HIDING METHODS
AU  - Tekeli, Kadir
AU  - Asliyan, Rifat
PY  - 2017
DA  - November
JF  - The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics
JO  - EPSTEM
PB  - ISRES Publishing
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2602-3199
SP  - 397
EP  - 403
IS  - 1
KW  - Audio steganography
KW  - watermarking
KW  - echo hiding
N2  - Echo-based data hiding algorithms are known to be verypopular in audio watermarking research. In this study, several echo kernelssuch as single, bipolar, backward-forward, bipolar backward-forward andtime-spread, which are coded in Matlab, are compared in terms of robustnessagainst mp3 compression, imperceptibility and capacity. Mixer signals withsinusoidal smoothing are used to improve imperceptibility. All kernels aretested on the same audio database for a fair comparison. Importance ofparameters is discussed during comparison. Results show that bipolarbackward-forward echo kernel is more robust against compression and gives ahigher SNR (Signal-to-noise ratio). 
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UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/epstem/issue//365048
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/381457
ER  -