@article{article_373526, title={Microalbuminuria Prevalence in Turkish Type 2 Diabetics Without Known Albuminuria: Results of The Developing Education on Microalbuminuria For Awareness of Renal and Cardiovascular Risks in Diabetes Study-Demand-Turkey}, journal={Turkish Journal of Diabetes and Obesity}, volume={1}, pages={77–86}, year={2017}, author={Yılmaz, Mehmet Temel and Bayraktaroğlu, Taner and Kutlutürk, Faruk and Karadeniz, Şehnaz and Sargın, Mehmet}, keywords={Microalbuminuria, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Albuminuria, Diabetic nephropathy}, abstract={Aim: A multicenter study is carried out in Turkey to find out the demographic, clinical and metabolic characteristics and the prevalence of albuminuria in type 2 diabetic subjects without known albuminuria. Material and Methods: The study population includes 1114 subjects with type 2 diabetes (F/M=649/465, mean chronological age 57.9±10.5 yrs, duration of diabetes 8.7±6.6 yrs) recruited from Diabetes Outpatient Clinics or Primary Care Settings across the Turkey by established criteria and cross-sectional selection according to Developing Education on Microalbuminuria for Awareness of Renal and Cardiovascular Risks in Diabetes (DEMAND) Study. The diagnosis for levels of albuminuria was done using the albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio. It was considered as within “normal to mildly increased albuminuria” if A/C < 30mg/g; as “moderately increased albuminuria” if A/C within 30-300mg/g; as “severely increased albuminuria” if A/C > 300mg/g. A second test is needed when (A,C)=(10,10). Demographic, clinical and metabolic parameters were compared between the groups.Results: The overall prevalence of albuminuria was 5.7% for severely increased albuminuria, 48.1% for moderately increased albuminuria, and within normal to mildly increased albuminuria in 37.3% of subjects. A second test was needed in 8.9% of subjects. The serum creatinine was normal in 76.7% of subjects, elevated in 21.0%, and suggesting chronic renal failure in 2.3%. Severely increased albuminuria was detected in 5.2% of female, 6.5% of male subjects; the same rates for moderately increased albuminuria were 48.0% and 48.2%, respectively. There is a steep increase in the prevalence of albuminuria in type 2 diabetes at HbA1c values of 10%, diabetes duration for 10 years and chronologic age 50-60 years.Conclusion: A high prevalence of normal to mildly increased albuminuria (48.1%) associated with enhanced renal and cardiovascular risk, were detected in type 2 diabetic subjects without previously known nephropathy. Early detection, follow-up of vascular complications and more aggressive treatment for renal and vascular protection are needed. Normal to mildly increased albuminuria is undoubtedly the result of complex interactions between endocrine, metabolic, and hemodynamic factors. Population-based therapeutic modalities should be recruited and organized to lower the burden of normal to mildly increased albuminuria and diabetes mellitus in our country and others}, number={2}, publisher={Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University}