TY  - JOUR
T1  - ANALYSIS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN IRAN: EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT AND GENDER IN A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE
AU  - Vahdatian, Parisa
PY  - 2018
DA  - April
DO  - 10.18769/ijasos.417807
JF  - IJASOS- International E-journal of Advances in Social Sciences
JO  - IJASOS
PB  - OCERINT International Organization Center of Academic Research
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2411-183X
SP  - 139
EP  - 148
VL  - 4
IS  - 10
LA  - en
AB  - This paper addresses existing gender parities and gapsin Iran, Turkey and Azerbaijan in terms of human development. Human developmentby enlarging people’s freedoms and potentials draws the attention to “ends” andinsists on intrinsic significance of development. The main components of humandevelopment are: capabilities, free agency and achievements. Health, educationand economic resources are essential indicators of Human Development Index(HDI) which share the same ratio in HDI value estimation. Gender inequality asa global phenomenon, increasingly focuses on women’s deprivation of education,health, income and social developments. This paper discusses Iran's educationaldevelopments in gender equality and compares female-to-male progresses in HDIindicators of Iran with Turkey and Azerbaijan. The main goal of humandevelopment and capability approach is equal distribution of capabilities andfunctionings among people. The exceptional status of education in having bothintrinsic and instrumental values multiplies the significances of equaleducation in a global context. In addition to direct impact of education ontotal health and income rates, parity in education has the capacity to empowerwomen and make them qualified for well-paid vocations. Iran from 1990 to 2015 has had a sustainable progress inhealth, education and per capita income. Iran has almost succeeded to close thegender gap in education, while it remains in achievements so far. In comparisonto Turkey and Azerbaijan, raising women’s capabilities has led to their moreachievements in terms of economic resources, labour force and politics.According to human development reports, Turkey in capability distribution hasexperienced more gender disparity than Iran. By filtering the health indicator,Azerbaijan has the best status in gender parity rather than Turkey and Iran.Turkish women’s high life expectancy at birth is the best among the analyzedcountries. Unlike Iran, educated women in Azerbaijan and Turkey have lowerunemployment rates than Iranian women. That is probably why women in Iranrecently have less interest to continue their education in tertiary level andthis disappointment has reproduced the gender gap.
KW  - Azerbaijan
KW  - education
KW  - employment
KW  - equality
KW  - gender
KW  - Human Development Index
KW  - human development
KW  - Iran
KW  - inequality
KW  - Turkey
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.18769/ijasos.417807
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/462049
ER  -