@article{article_467176, title={Investigating The Relationship on CO2, Tourism, Economic Growth and Trade Openness in Turkey}, journal={Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi}, volume={26}, pages={321–331}, year={2019}, DOI={10.18657/yonveek.467176}, author={Gövdeli, Tuncer}, keywords={Tourism, CO2 Emission, Economic Growth, Trade Openness, Turkey}, abstract={ The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of economic growth, trade openness and tourist arrivals on CO 2 emissions by considering the period 1970 through to 2014. For this purpose, firstly, by analyzing the stability of the variables, it was determined that the variables were stationary at level I (1). After the variables were determined to be stationary at I (1), the ARDL boundary test analysis was performed. The cointegration relation was determined according to the ARDL boundary test analysis. In addition, the long-term coefficients of the variables are positive and significant. According to the VECM Granger causality analysis, there was found to be a causality in Turkey between economic growth and CO 2 emissions, between trade openness and CO 2 emissions, between tourist arrivals and CO 2 emissions and between trade openness and economic growth. According to the long-term causality results, there is a relationship of causality between economic growth, trade openness and tourist arrivals and CO 2 emissions. }, number={1}, publisher={Manisa Celal Bayar University}