TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Short Political History of the Legal Profession in Turkey
AU  - Kalem, Seda
PY  - 2020
DA  - January
Y2  - 2019
JF  - Ankara Bar Review
PB  - Ankara Barosu
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1308-0636
SP  - 27
EP  - 38
VL  - 7
LA  - en
AB  - Thispaper aims to offer a brief historical account of legislative and professionaldevelopments concerning the Turkish legal profession within the largersocio-political against a backdrop of political struggles. The originalideological alliance between the profession and the Republic has been a key determinantof the profession’s positions with respect to social and political issues,especially in the early decades of the new state. The relationship, however,has always been influenced by the changing national and international politicalcontext. Whereas the profession seemed content to subordinate itself to theexecutive until the 1950s, the transition to a multi-party system intensifiedpolitical polarisation, generating controversies about the profession’srelationship with the State. In the following decades, the global leftwardmovement encouraged many lawyers to actively challenge illegalities. Theincreasing authoritarianism and widening social and political cleavages of1980s and 1990s, by contrast, led to a resurgence of the Kemalist constituencywithin professional associations. In recent years, efforts by the Government toassert absolute control over the state apparatus have provoked the professionto assume even more visibility as a political actor.
KW  - Legal profession
KW  - law and modernization
KW  - law and politics
KW  - legal reform
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UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/abr/issue//512700
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/626165
ER  -