TY - JOUR T1 - Cloud Computing as an Investment Under the ICSID Convention TT - ICSID Konvansiyonu Kapsamında Bulut Bilişimin Yatırım Olarak Değerlendirilmesi AU - Uzun, Fatih Burak PY - 2018 DA - December JF - Milletlerarası Hukuk ve Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Bülteni PB - Istanbul University WT - DergiPark SN - 1308-0385 SP - 519 EP - 545 VL - 38 IS - 2 LA - en AB - Extracting data’s value can only be possible by using a high amount of processing power. The most eligible way of procuringsuch amount of processing power is using cloud computing services. Cloud computing services face several interventionsby governments around the globe. The most notable interventions relate to the localization of data and data processingfacility. Since cloud computing services nearly always provided internationally, there is a need to explore the possibilityof protecting cloud computing services from those interventions by using a legal tool from the 1960s namely the ICSIDConvention which allows forming arbitrational tribunals to solve investment disputes between investors and states. Oneof the conditions for ICSID tribunals to have jurisdiction over disputes is that the dispute at hand must be related toan investment. However, the ICSID Convention does not contain a definition of the investment term. Mainly, there aretwo different approaches among the case law and legal doctrine for defining the investment term. The first approach isleaving the duty of defining the term to the parties. The second approach requires simultaneous fulfilment of the parties’consent and certain objective criteria. Cloud computing services can meet the required criteria under those approaches. KW - Cloud computing KW - Data KW - Localization KW - Investment KW - ICSID N2 - Verinin değerinin ortaya çıkarılabilmesi, ancak yüksek miktarda işlem gücü kullanılması ile mümkün olabilir. Söz konusuyüksek işlem gücünün temini için en elverişli yol, bulut bilişim hizmetleridir. Bulut bilişim hizmetleri, tüm dünyadahükümetler tarafından çeşitli müdahalelerle karşılaşmaktadır. Bu müdahalelerin en önemlileri, verilerin ya da veri işlemesistemlerinin lokalizasyonuna (ülke sınırları içerisinde tutulmasının zorunlu kılınması) ilişkin olanlardır. Bulut bilişimhizmetlerinin neredeyse her zaman uluslararası ölçekte sunulduğu göz önüne alındığında; bulut bilişim hizmetlerinin sözkonusu müdahalelerden korunmasına ilişkin olarak, 1960’lı yıllarda imzalanmış olan ve yabancı yatırımların korunmasınıhedefleyen, ICSID Konvansiyonu’nun kullanılıp kullanılamayacağı konusunun incelenmesi ihtiyacı doğmuştur. ICSIDKonvansiyonu, yatırımcılar ve devletler arasındaki yatırımlara ilişkin uyuşmazlıkların çözümlenmesi için tarafsız tahkimheyetleri oluşturulmasına imkân vermektedir. ICSID tahkim heyetlerinin bir uyuşmazlık üzerinde yetki sahibi olabilmesininen önemli koşullarından birisi, ilgili uyuşmazlığın bir yatırıma ilişkin olmasıdır. Buna rağmen ICSID Konvansiyonu, yatırımterimine ilişkin herhangi bir tanım içermemektedir. Doktrinde ve içtihatlarda yatırım teriminin tanımlanması için temelolarak iki ana görüş bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki, terimin tanımlanması görevinin taraflara ait olduğunu savunan görüştür.İkinci görüş ise; tarafların yatırım teriminin tanımını birlikte belirlemesi ile yatırım teşkil eden ekonomik aktivitenin belirliobjektif kriterleri karşılayabilmesi koşullarının birlikte sağlanmasını aramaktadır. Bulut bilişim hizmetleri, her iki görüşegöre de gereken koşulları sağlayabilmektedir. 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https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iumhmohb/issue//515683 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/631046 ER -