TY  - JOUR
T1  - EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION AND SCALE UP ON THE POLYGALACTURONASE PRODUCTION
TT  - SUBSTRAT KONSANTRASYONU VE ÖLÇEK BÜYÜTMENİN  POLİGALAKTURONAZ ÜRETİMİNE ETKİSİ
AU  - Gogus, Nihan
AU  - Tarı, Canan
PY  - 2019
DA  - August
DO  - 10.15237/gida.GD19054
JF  - Gıda
JO  - GIDA
PB  - The Association of Food Technology
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1300-3070
SP  - 802
EP  - 809
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
LA  - en
AB  - Pectinases have been used formany industrial applications since long time ago. The largest industrialapplication of these enzymes is in fruit juice and wine production for theextraction, filtration and clarification and for the maceration of fruits and vegetables.They work by enzymatic breaking down of the cell wall.In this study it wasaimed to use the previously optimized shake flask media formulation in batchmode 1 L scale serial bioreactor system and 5 L scale in order to investigatethe effects of substrate concentration and scale on PG activity and biomassproduction. In conclusion it was observed that average PG activity (101.29U/ml) obtained in 5L scale bioreactor experiments was higher than the maximumPG activity (88.55 U/ml) at 40 g/L orange peel (OP) concentration obtained inthe 1 L scale substrate concentration experiment. Furthermore,PG activityincreased with an increase in substrate concentration except for 60 g/L orangepeel concentration.
KW  - scale-up
KW  - polygalacturonase
KW  - Aspergillus sojae
KW  - bioreactor
KW  - orange peel
N2  - Pektinazlar, uzun zaman önceden beri bir çok endüstriyeluygulama için kullanılmıştır. Bu enzimlerin en büyük endüstriyel uygulamasımeyve suyu ve şarap üretiminde ekstraksiyon, berraklaştırma ve filtrasyonayrıca meyve ve sebzelerin maserayonudur. Hücre duvarının enzimatikparçalanması yoluyla etki ederler. Bu çalışmada, substrat konsantrasyonunun veölçek büyütmenin PG aktivitesi ve biyokütle üretimi üzerindeki etkileriniaraştırmak için daha önce erlenlerde optimize edilmiş medya formülasyonununkesikli tip 1 L ölçekli seri biyoreaktör sistemi ve 5 L ölçekte kullanılmasıamaçlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, 5 L ölçekli biyoreaktör deneylerinde elde edilenortalama PG aktivitesinin (101,29 U/ml), 1 L ölçekli substrat konsantrasyonudeneyinden elde edilen 40 g/L portakal kabuğu konsantrasyonundaki maksimum PGaktivitesinden (88,55 U/ml) daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca 60 g/Lportakal kabuğu konsantrasyonu hariç substrat konsantrasyonu arttıkçaPGaktivitesi de artmıştır.
CR  - 1. Jayani, R.S., Saxena, S., Gupta R. (2005). Microbial pectinolytic enzymes: A review. Process Biochem, 40(9):2931-2944, doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.03.026.
CR  - 2. Gummadi, S.N., Manoj, N., Kumar, D.S. (2007). Structural and Biochemical Properties of Pectinases. In Industrial Enzymes, Polaina, J., MacCabe, A.P., Eds.; Springer: Heidelberg, pp. 99-115.
CR  - 3. Malvessi, M., Ve Da Silveira, M.M. (2004). Influence of medium composition and pH on the production of polygalacturonases by Aspergillus oryzae. Braz Arch Biol Technol, 47(5):693-702.
CR  - 4. Nakkeeran, E., Gowthaman, M.K., Umesh-Kumar, S., Subramanian, R. (2012). Techno-economic Analysis of Processes for Aspergillus carbonarius Polygalacturonase Production. J Biosci Bioeng, 113(5):634–640. 5. Biz, A., Finkler, A.T.J., Pitol, L.O., Medina, B.S., Nadia K., Mitchell, D.A. (2016). Production of pectinases by solid-state fermentation of a mixture of citrus waste and sugarcane bagasse in a pilot-scale packed-bed bioreactor. Biochem Eng J, 111:54–62.
CR  - 6. Pandey, A., Soccol, C.R., Mitchell, D. (2000). New developments in solid state fermentation: I-bioprocesses and products. Process Biochem, 35(10):1153-1169, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0032-9592(00)00152-7.
CR  - 7. Songulashvili, G., Spindler, D., Jimene´z-Tobo´n, G.A., Jaspers, C., Kerns, G., Penninckx, M.J. (2015). Production of a high level of laccase by submerged fermentation at 120-L scale of Cerrena unicolor C-139 grown on wheat bran. C. R. Biologies, 338:121–125, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.12.001.
CR  - 8. Oncu, S., Tari, C., Unluturk, S. (2007). Effect of various process parameters on morphology, rheology, and polygalacturonase production by Aspergillus sojae in a batch bioreactor. Biotechnol Prog, 23:836-845.
CR  - 9. Waites, M.J., Morgan, N.L., Rockey J.S., Gary H. (2001). Industrial Microbiology: An Introduction, Blackwell Science Ltd, pp. 107-108.
CR  - 10. Göğüş, N., Hakgüder Taze, B., Demir, H., Tarı, C., Ünlütürk, S., Lahore, M.F. (2014). Evaluation of orange peel, an industrial waste, for the production of Aspergillus sojae polygalacturonase considering both morphology and rheology effects.  Turk J Biol, 38:537-548, doi:10.3906/biy-1308-47
CR  - 11. Panda, T., Naidu, G.S.N., Sinha, J. (1999). Multiresponse analysis of microbiological parameters affecting the production of pectolytic enzymes by Aspergillus niger: A statistical view. Process Biochem, 35, 187-195.
CR  - 12. Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A., Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric Method for Determination of Sugars and Related Substances. Anal Chem, 28(3):350-356.
CR  - 13. Bradford, M. (1976). A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Quantitation of microgram Quantities of Protein Utilizing the Principle of Protein-dye Binding. Anal Biochem, 72:248-254.
CR  - 14. Maldonado, M.C., Strasser de Saad A.M. (1998). Production of pectinesterase and polygalacturonase by Aspergillus niger in submerged and solid state systems. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 20(1):34–38, doi: 10.1038/sj.jim.2900470.
CR  - 15. Pollard, D.J., Kirschner, T.F., Hunt, G.R., Tong, I-T., Stieber, R., Salmon, P.M. (2006). Scale Up of a Viscous Fungal Fermentation: Application of Scale-Up Criteria with Regime Analysis and Operating Boundary Conditions. Biotechnol Bioeng, 96(2):307-317, doi:10.1002/bit.21112.
CR  - 16. Rocha-Valadez, J.A., Estrada, M., Galindo, E., Serrano-Carreon, L. (2006). From shake flasks to stirred fermentors: Scale-up of an Extractive Fermentation Process for 6-pentyl-a-pyrone Production by Trichoderma harzianum using Volumetric Power Input. Process Biochem,  41(6):1347–1352, doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2006.01.013.
CR  - 17. Junker, B.H., Hesse, M., Burgess, B., Masurekar, P., Connors, N., Seeley, A. (2004). Early Phase Process Scale-Up Challenges for Fungal and Filamentous Bacterial Cultures. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 119(3):241-277, doi: 10.1007/s12010-004-0005-x.
CR  - 18. Junker, B., Walker, A., Hesse, M., Lester, M., Vesey, D., Christensen, J., Burgess, B., Connors, N. (2009). Pilot-scale process development and scale up for antifungal production Bioprocess Biosyst Eng, 32(4):443–458, doi: 10.1007/s00449-008-0264-y.
CR  - 19. Fontana, R.C., Polidoro, T.A., da Silveira, M.M. (2009). Comparison of stirred tank and airlift bioreactors in the production of polygalacturonases by Aspergillus oryzae. Bioresour Technol, 100(19):4493–4498, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.062.
CR  - 20. Meneghel, L., Reis, Guilherme, P., Reginatto, C., Malvessi, E., da Silveira, M.M. (2014). Assessment of pectinase production by Aspergillus oryzae in growth-limiting liquid medium under limited and non-limited oxygen supply. Process Biochem, 49:1800–1807, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2014.07.021.
CR  - 21. Wolf-Márquez, V.E., Martínez-Trujillo, M.A., Osorio, G.A., Patiño, F., Álvarez, M.S., Rodríguez, A., Sanromán, M.Á., Deive, F.J. (2017). Scaling-up and ionic liquid-based extraction of pectinases from Aspergillus flavipes cultures. Bioresour Technol, 225:326–335, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.067.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD19054
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/792036
ER  -